• Title/Summary/Keyword: deionized water

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Permeability and Dissolvability of Cathodic Electrolyzed Water for Electrophoretic Gel and Green Tea Components (전기영동 겔과 녹차성분에 대한 환원전리수의 침투력과 용해력)

  • Ryoo Kun-Kul;Lee Yoon-Bae;Lee Jong-Kwon;Lee Mi-Young
    • Journal of the Korea Academia-Industrial cooperation Society
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    • v.6 no.1
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    • pp.87-93
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    • 2005
  • The permeability of cathodic electrolyzed water toward electrophoretic gel and dissolvability of cathodic electrolyzed water toward green tea components were compared with those of general waters in this investigation. Stained band intensities of the proteins by CBB-R prepared in cathodic electrolyzed water were compared with those in deionized water for various time intervals. Proteins were stained first by CBB-R in cathodic electrolyzed water as compared with those by CBB-R in deionized water. Moreover, cathodic electrolyzed water showed dramatically enhanced solubility toward green tea components at $25^{\circ}C$ than general waters. These results suggest much greater permeability and dissolvability of cathodic electrolyzed water than those of general waters.

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A Study on Electrostatic Discharging in Ultrapure and Electrolyzed Waters Using Kelvin's Thunderstorm Effect (캘빈방전 효과를 이용한 초순수 및 전해이온수의 정전기 방전 연구)

  • Kim, Hyung-won;Jung, Youn-won;Choi, In-sik;Choi, Byung-sun;Choi, Donghyeon;Ryoo, Kun-kul
    • Journal of the Semiconductor & Display Technology
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    • v.21 no.1
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    • pp.5-11
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    • 2022
  • Despite the increasing importance of manufacturing and application R&D for ultrapure deionized water and electrolyzed ion water, various and systematic studies have not been conducted until now. In this study, the electrostatic discharge (ESD) behavior of electrolyzed ion water using a proton exchange membrane(PEM) was evaluated according to the type, flow rate, and bubble of electrolyzed ion water. In addition, by observing that Oxidation Reduction Potential (ORP) value returns to the unique value of electrolyzed ion water after electrostatic discharge, the possibility of two types of ions participating in electrostatic discharge ((H2O)n+ (assumed)) and ions for maintaining the characteristics of electrolyzed water could be inferred. In order to confirm the chemical structure and characteristics of the cations, in-depth research related to water molecular orbital energy or band gap should be followed.

A Basic Study on the Discharge of a Rod-to-Rod Microgap in the Pure Water (수중(水中) 미소(微少) 봉대봉(棒對棒) 전극간(電極間)의 방전현상(放電現象) 기초연구(基礎硏究))

  • Moon, Jae-Duk;Lee, Dae-Hee;Kim, Jin-Gyu
    • Proceedings of the KIEE Conference
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    • 1992.07b
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    • pp.918-921
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    • 1992
  • A basic study on the discharge phenomenum of rod-to-rod microgap in the deionized water has been investigated with emphasis on the microgap spacing. The I-V charateristics for the case of ac and dc applied voltages had 3 different regions, a low conduction ohmic region, a medium conduction corona discharge region, and a high conduction arc discharge region. The corona discharge in the deionized water for the case of ac and de applied voltages had no different from the those in the air. But the arc discharge in the water occurred pulsative with sound which, however it is not clear, would be encounted due to the influences from the low temperature of the ambient water, vast of electrolytic generated electronegative gases(e.g. $O_2$, OH, O) and water molecules($H_2O$), and the space charge effects near the rod in the microgap from the ions of $H^+$, $OH^-$, $O_2^-$, etc, whose mobilities in the water are originally very low.

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Effect of intermittent operation modes on performance of reverse osmosis (RO) membrane in desalination and water treatment

  • Yang, Heungsik;Choi, Jihyeok;Choi, Yongjun;Lee, Sangho
    • Membrane and Water Treatment
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    • v.13 no.1
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    • pp.39-49
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    • 2022
  • Seawater desalination is doubtlessly a viable option to supply fresh drinking water. Nevertheless, RO (reverse osmosis) desalination plants in specific areas may be intermittently operated to match the imbalance between water demand and supply. Although a handful of works have been done on other membrane systems, few studies have attempted to mitigate fouling in intermittent RO systems. Accordingly, the objectives of this paper were to examine the effect of the intermittent operation on RO fouling; and to compare four intermittent operation modes including feed solution recirculation, membrane storage in the feed solution, deionized water (DI) recirculation, and membrane storage in DI water. Results showed that intermittent operation reduced RO fouling under several conditions. However, the extents of fouling mitigation were different depending on the feed conditions, foulant types, and membrane lay-up methods. When the feed solution was recirculated during the lay-up, the restoration of the flux was less significant than that by the feed solution feed-up. The use of deionized water during the lay-up was effective to restore flux, especially when the feed solution contains scale-forming salts (CaSO4) and/or colloidal silica.

Extraction of Minerals and Elimination Effect of Heavy Metals in Water by Nohwado Quartz Porphyry (노화도산 맥반석의 미네랄 용출 및 중금속 제거 효과(I))

  • Hwang, Jinbong;Yang, Miok;Koo, Minseon
    • Analytical Science and Technology
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    • v.9 no.2
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    • pp.210-219
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    • 1996
  • Extraction of minerals in deionized water and elimination effect of heavy metals in water by Nohwado Quartz Porphyry were examined. When the Nohwado Quartz Porphyry was immersed and stirred in deionized water at 0.5, 1.0, 1.5 and 2.0% concentration for 3 hours, various minerals concentration of the all stirred water were suitable for potable water. Particularly, when the lead, copper, cadmium and arsenic solution were shaked with Quartz Porphyry at $20^{\circ}C$ for 24 hours, the elimination rate of each mineral was 99.5, 99.9, 95.0 and 66.5%, respectively.

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Choline chloride-Glycerol (1:2 mol) as draw solution in forward osmosis for dewatering purpose

  • Dutta, Supritam;Dave, Pragnesh;Nath, Kaushik
    • Membrane and Water Treatment
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    • v.13 no.2
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    • pp.63-72
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    • 2022
  • Choline chloride-glycerol (1:2 mol), a natural deep eutectic solvent (NADES) is examined as a draw solution in forward osmosis (FO) for dewatering application. The NADES is easy to prepare, low in toxicity and environmentally benign. A polyamide thin film composite membrane was used. Characterization of the membrane confirmed porous membrane structure with good hydrophilicity and a low structural parameter (722 ㎛) suitable for FO application. A dilute solution of 20% (v/v) NADES was enough to generate moderate water flux (14.98 L m-2h-1) with relatively low reverse solute flux (0.125 g m-2h-1) with deionized water feed. Application in dewatering industrial wastewater feed showed reasonably good water flux (11.9 L m-2h-1) which could be maintained by controlling the external concentration polarization and fouling/scaling mitigation via simple periodic deionized water wash. In another application, clarified sugarcane juice could be successfully concentrated. Recovery of the draw solute was accomplished easily by chilling utilizing thermo responsive phase transition property of NADES. This study established that low concentration NADES can be a viable alternative as a draw solute for dewatering of wastewater and other heat sensitive applications along with a simple recovery process.

Effect of Seed Leachates of 'Vernal' Alfalfa on Inhibition of Alfalfa Germination and Root Growth

  • Chon, Sang-Uk
    • KOREAN JOURNAL OF CROP SCIENCE
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    • v.45 no.2
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    • pp.134-138
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    • 2000
  • Most parts of alfalfa plant have been reported to contain autotoxic substances that inhibit seed germination and early seedling growth, however, the chemical(s) is not still studied much. Effect of seed leachates of 'Vernal' alfalfa (Medicago sativa L.) was evaluated for inhibition of alfalfa germination and root growth through bioassay. Alfalfa seeds were extracted in 1 L deionized water for 1 h after soaking and the leachates caused to reduce root length of alfalfa significantly as the soaking time increased. Crude seeds at 4 g L$L^{-1}$ exudated autotoxins that reduce significantly root length by 34 % compared to the control, when the seeds soaked in deionized water for 24 h. However, the extracts did not affect final germination as well as speed of germination. Extracts from ground seeds significantly reduced speed of germination (GT 50) and root length. The results indicate that release of autotoxic substances from seeds during seed imbibition was increased with increase of soaking time and seed amount, and that autotoxicity was more occurred in ground seeds than in crude seeds.

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Machining Characteristics of Micro-EDMed Holes According to Dielectric Fluid, Capacitance and Ultrasonic Vibrations (방전가공을 이용한 미세구멍 가공 시 절연액, 축전용량과 초음파 부가에 따른 가공특성)

  • Seo, Dong-Woo;Yi, Sang-Min;Chu, Chong-Nam;Park, Min-Soo
    • Journal of the Korean Society for Precision Engineering
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    • v.24 no.12
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    • pp.42-49
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    • 2007
  • When micro holes are machined by EDM, machining characteristics of machined holes are changed according to the machining conditions. Typical machining conditions are the kind of dielectric fluids, capacitance and ultrasonic vibrations. They influence electrode wear, machining time, radial clearance and taper angle. In this paper, machined holes whose depths are 300, 500, $1000\;{\mu}m$ are observed for each machining conditions. Using deionized water as a dielectric fluid makes electrode wear small, machining time short, radial clearance large and taper angle small. High capacitance makes electrode wear high. Ultrasonic vibrations make electrode wear large, machining time short, radial clearance small and taper angle small. From the results of experiments, the optimal machining conditions were obtained to machine highly qualified micro holes.

Study on the Thermal Behavior of Immersion Cooled LED Lighting Engines (담금 냉각되는 LED 조명엔진의 열특성에 대한 연구)

  • Kim, Kyoung Joon
    • Journal of Power System Engineering
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    • v.18 no.3
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    • pp.87-92
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    • 2014
  • This study is aimed at investigating the thermal behavior of immersion-cooled high power LED lighting engines. 3D CFD models have been generated for the numerical analysis. Five cases in terms of the configuration of LED chips have been explored for various passive cooling conditions of the lighting engine, i.e., the natural air convection with a lens, the natural air convection without a lens, the deionized water-immersion cooling condition with a lens. The numerical study reveals that the deionized water-immersion cooled lighting engine has nearly twice better thermal performance than the natural air convection cooled lighting engine containing a lens. The investigation has also demonstrated that the four chips configuration has the better thermal performance than the single chip configuration.

A Study on the Zeta-potential of CMP processed Sapphire Wafers (CMP 가공된 사파이어웨이퍼의 웨이퍼내 표면전위에 관한 연구)

  • Hwang Sung Won;Shin Gwisu;Kim Keunjoo
    • Journal of the Korean Society for Precision Engineering
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    • v.22 no.2
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    • pp.46-52
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    • 2005
  • The sapphire wafer was polished by the implementation of the surface machining technology based on nano-tribology, The removal process has been performed by grinding, lapping and chemical-mechanical polishing. For the chemical mechanical polishing process, the chemical reaction between the slurry and sapphire wafer was investigated in terms of the change of Zeta-potential between two materials. The Zeta-potential was -4.98 mV without the slurry in deionized water and was -37.05 mV for the slurry solution. By including the slurry into the deionized water the Zeta-potential -29.73 mV, indicating that the surface atoms of sapphire become more repulsive to be easy to separate. The average roughness of the polished surface of sapphire wafer was ranged to 1∼4$\AA$.