• 전기의세계
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• 제26권6호
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• pp.78-85
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• 1977

This paper studies flashover voltage and surface corona loss of A.C and D.C in the mixed gas of air and SF$_{6}$ for solid insulators P.V.C, arcylic, glass and bakelite in two cases. In one case, those solids are covered with transformer oil and the other case, those solids are not covered with it. 1) The flashover voltage for each solids in SF$_{6}$ is more than three times compared with that in the air. The flashover voltage for P.V.C is the highest and then arcylic, glass, bakelite in a decreasing order. 2) The more the amount of SF$_{6}$ in the mixing ratio, the less corona loss. The P.V.C shows the least amount of corona loss and the bakelite the largest. 3) Compared with the corona loss of positive polarity and the negative polarity, the former has less corona loss than the latter. 4) The more the number of flashover discharge, the less insulation of each solids, but in case of bakelite, insulation almost vanishes after a couple of discharge. 5) When each insulator is covered with transformer oil, the flashover voltage generally increases and the corona loss decreases.eases.

• 대한한의학방제학회지
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• 제24권3호
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• pp.213-224
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• 2016

Objectives : The purpose of this study is to investigate the effect of Leejung-tang plus Oryung-san Gamibang on functional diarrhea.Method : We treated a 72-year-old male who had severe watery diarrhea and bowel sounds. The patient was treated with Korean medicine including Oryung-san Gamibang from March 31, 2016 to May 23, 2016. Defecation frequency, Bristol stool scale, Bowel sound, Patient's condition were measured.Result : After oriental medical treatment, clinical symptoms of functional diarrhea (defecation frequency, stool form, bowel sounds) were recoverd normally.Conclusions : Leejung-tang plus Oryeong-san Gamibang effects on the functional diarrhea of a patient diagnosed as Deficiency Cold (虛寒). This case study shows that Oryeong-san Gamibang is clinically effective for functional diarrhea. So that, it is helpful in decreasing the symptoms of a patient and in improving quality of life.

• 한국지반공학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국지반공학회 2009년도 세계 도시지반공학 심포지엄
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• pp.554-563
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• 2009

The trend of current urban redevelopment and new city development project shows that the superstructure of building is getting larger and higher in consequence of a limited plottage condition. For this reason, it is definitely required to extend pile diameter and install more deep foundation(Mega foundation) to support superstructure. The existing precast pile construction method causes construction-related problems such as increasing quantities, difficulty of storage & transportation material and decreasing design load while construct pile in deep foundation. The drilled shaft method has applied to minimize those problems. This article will be presented construction case study of design & construction of R.C.D method for a large building foundation work on the inside and outside of the country.

• 대한기계학회논문집B
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• 제21권5호
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• pp.691-699
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• 1997

The effects of concave hemispherical surface curvature on the local heat transfer from a turbulent round impinging jet were experimentally investigated. The liquid crystal transient method was used for these measurements. This method, which is a variation on the transient method, suddenly exposes a preheated wall to an impinging jet while video recording the response of liquid crystals for the measurement of the surface temperature. The Reynolds number ranges from Re=11,000 to 50,000, the nozzle-to- surface distance from L/d=2 to 10, and the surface curvature from D/d=6 to 12.The present results are also compared to those for the flat plate case. In the experiment, the local Nusselt numbers tend to increase in all regions with an increasing surface curvature. The maximum Nusselt number for all Reynolds numbers occurred at L/d .ident. 6 and a second maximum in the Nusselt number occurred at R/d .ident. 2 for both Re=23,000 and Re=50,000 in the case of L/d=2 and for Re=50,000 only in the case of L/d=4. Meanwhile, as the surface curvature increases, the value of the secondary maximum Nusselt number decreases. All the other cases exhibit monotonically decreasing values of the Nusselt number along the curved surface. The stagnation point Nusselt numbers are well correlated with Re, L/d, and D/d.

• Investigative Magnetic Resonance Imaging
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• 제22권2호
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• pp.131-134
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• 2018

Susceptibility-weighted imaging (SWI) is well known for detecting the presence of hemorrhagic transformation, microbleeds and the susceptibility of vessel signs in acute ischemic stroke. But in some cases, it can provide the tissue perfusion state as well. We describe a case of a patient with hyperacute ischemic infarction that had a slightly hypodense, patchy lesion at the left thalamus on the initial SWI, with a left proximal posterior cerebral artery occlusion on a magnetic resonance (MR) angiography and delayed time-to-peak on an MR perfusion performed two hours after symptom onset. No obvious abnormal signals at any intensity were found on the initial diffusion-weighted imaging (DWI). On a follow-up MR image (MRI), an acute ischemic infarction was seen on DWI, which is the same location as the lesion on SWI. The hypointensity on the initial SWI reflects the susceptibility artifact caused by an increased deoxyhemoglobin in the affected tissue and vessels, which reflects the hypoperfusion state due to decreasing arterial flow. It precedes the signal change on DWI that reflects a cytotoxic edema. This case highlights that, in some hyperacute stages of ischemic stroke, hypointensity on an SWI may be a finding before the hyperintensity is seen on a DWI.

• 대한안전경영과학회지
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• 제13권1호
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• pp.195-202
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• 2011

The study interprets each of three classification models based on Bath-Tub Failure Rate (BTFR), Extreme Value Distribution (EVD) and Conjugate Bayesian Distribution (CBD). The classification model based on BTFR is analyzed by three failure patterns of decreasing, constant, or increasing which utilize systematic management strategies for reliability of time. Distribution model based on BTFR is identified using individual factors for each of three corresponding cases. First, in case of using shape parameter, the distribution based on BTFR is analyzed with a factor of component or part number. In case of using scale parameter, the distribution model based on BTFR is analyzed with a factor of time precision. Meanwhile, in case of using location parameter, the distribution model based on BTFR is analyzed with a factor of guarantee time. The classification model based on EVD is assorted into long-tailed distribution, medium-tailed distribution, and short-tailed distribution by the length of right-tail in distribution, and depended on asymptotic reliability property which signifies skewness and kurtosis of distribution curve. Furthermore, the classification model based on CBD is relied upon conjugate distribution relations between prior function, likelihood function and posterior function for dimension reduction and easy tractability under the occasion of Bayesian posterior updating.

• Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention
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• 제16권2호
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• pp.647-652
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• 2015

Background: Lung cancer was one of the most common cancers in both men and women all over the world. In this study, we aimed to clarify who could survive after long term chemotherapy in patients with advanced non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC). Methods: We enrolled 186 patients with stage IV NSCLC after long term chemotherapy from Jun 2006 to Nov 2014 diagnosed in Jiangsu Cancer Hospital. Multiple variables like age, gender, smoking, histology of adenocarcinoma and squamous-cell cancer, number of metastatic sites, metastatic sites (e.g. lung, brain, bone, liver and pleura), hemoglobin, lymphocyte rate (LYR), Change of LYR during multiple therapies, hypertension, diabetes, chronic bronchitis, treatments (e.g.radiotherapy and targeted therapy) were selected. For consideration of factors influencing survival and response for patients with advanced NSCLC, logistic regression analysis and Cox regression analysis were used in an attempt to develop a screening module for patients with elevated survival after long term chemotherapy become possible. Results: Of the total of 186 patients enrolled, 69 survived less than 1 year (short-term group), 45 one to two years, and 72 longer than 3 years (long-term group). For logistic regression analysis, the short-term group was taken as control group and the long-term group as the case group. We found that age, histology of adenocarcinoma, metastatic site (e.g. lung and liver), treatments (e.g. targeted therapy and radiotherapy), LYR, a decreasing tendency of LYR and chronic bronchitis were individually associated with overall survival by Cox regression analysis. A multivariable Cox regression model showed that metastatic site (e.g. lung and liver), histology of adenocarcinoma, treatments (e.g. targeted therapy and radiotherapy) and chronic bronchitis were associated with overall survival. Thus metastatic site (e.g. lung and liver) and chronic bronchitis may be important risk factors for patients with advanced NSCLC. Gender, metastatic site (e.g. lung and liver), LYR and the decreasing tendency of LYR were significantly associated with long-term survival in the individual-variable logistic regression model (P<0.05). On multivariate logistic regression analysis, gender, metastatic site (e.g. lung and liver) and the decreasing tendency of LYR associated with long-term survival. Conclusions: In conclusion, female patients with stage IV adenocarcinoma of NSCLC who had decreasing tendency of LYR during the course therapy and had accepted multiple therapies e.g. more than third-line chemotherapy, radiotherapy and/or targeted therapy might be expected to live longer.

• 대한지리학회지
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• 제43권1호
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• pp.20-35
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• 2008

본 연구에서는 나주지역을 사례로 기후변화가 농업생태에 미치는 영향을 파악하고자 하였다. 이를 위하여 나주지역의 농업 관련 통계자료와 기후 자료를 분석하였다. 벼와 보리의 출수기는 일러지는 경향으로 각각 출수 30일 이전의 평균기온과 음의 상관관계가 있다. 일러진 출수기 때문에 등숙기간의 평균기온이 상승하여 여름철 작물인 벼의 단위면적당 낟알 수는 감소한 반면에 겨울철 작물인 보리의 단위면적당 낟알 수는 증가하였다. 그러므로 기온이 오늘날과 같은 추세로 상승한다면 벼의 수량은 감소하고 보리의 수량은 증가할 것으로 예측할 수 있다. 배의 발아기 및 개화기와 만개기는 점차 일러지는 경향이며, 발아기는 2월에서 3월까지의 평균기온과, 개화기 및 만개기는 2월에서 4월까지의 평균기온과 음의 상관관계가 있다. 배의 당도와 과중은 증가하는 경향이며, 각각8월과9월의 평균기온과 양의 상관관계가 있다. 이와 같이 기온 상승은 배의 당도 및 과중 등 생육상태에 긍정적인 영향을 미칠 것으로 예상되지만 발아 및 개화기가 빨라짐에 따라 저온 피해 및 늦서리 피해를 입을 수 있다. 배추와 무의 초장은 모두 감소하는 경향이며, 9월 최고기온과 음의 상관을 보인다. 반면 고추의 착과수는 최근 증가하는 경향이며, 8월의 최저기온과 음의 상관관계가 있다. 기온 상승은 저온성 작물인 배추와 무의 생육 저하를 초래할 수 있으나 고온성 작물인 고추의 생육에는 긍정적인 영향이 예측된다.

• 대기
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• 제27권4호
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• pp.385-398
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• 2017

Numerical weather prediction experiments were carried out by applying topographic effects to reduce or enhance the solar radiation by terrain. In this study, x and ${\kappa}({\phi}_o,\;{\theta}_o)$ are precalculated for topographic effect on high resolution numerical weather prediction (NWP) with 1 km spatial resolution, and meteorological variables are analyzed through the numerical experiments. For the numerical simulations, cases were selected in winter (CASE 1) and summer (CASE 2). In the CASE 2, topographic effect was observed on the southward surface to enhance the solar energy reaching the surface, and enhance surface temperature and temperature at 2 m. Especially, the surface temperature is changed sensitively due to the change of the solar energy on the surface, but the change of the precipitation is difficult to match of topographic effect. As a result of the verification using Korea Meteorological Administration (KMA) Automated Weather System (AWS) data on Seoul metropolitan area, the topographic effect is very weak in the winter case. In the CASE 1, the improvement of accuracy was numerically confirmed by decreasing the bias and RMSE (Root mean square error) of temperature at 2 m, wind speed at 10 m and relative humidity. However, the accuracy of rainfall prediction (Threat score (TS), BIAS, equitable threat score (ETS)) with topographic effect is decreased compared to without topographic effect. It is analyzed that the topographic effect improves the solar radiation on surface and affect the enhancements of surface temperature, 2 meter temperature, wind speed, and PBL height.

• 한국임상수의학회지
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• 제24권3호
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• pp.432-436
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• 2007

개 모낭충증의 새로운 치료법을 확립하기 위하여 항생제의 약침과 일반 치료의 병행을 이용한 치료 효과를 조사하였다. 본 연구에서는 모낭충으로 진단된 개 3두를 이용하였다. Enrofloxacin의 약침을 폐수(BL13) 위중(BL40), 대추(GV14), 족삼리(ST36), 합곡(LI04), 곡지(LI11) 및 삼음교(SP06)의 혈위에 각각 5주간 실시하였다. 또한 일반 치료법인 invermectin과 0.05% amitraz 약욕을 5주간 추가로 실시하였다. 소양증, 찰과상, 홍반 및 탈모와 같은 임상증상은 약침과 일반치료에 의해서 치료 전에 비하여 현저하게 완화되었다. Case 1은 4주 후에 완치되었고, case 2는 5주 후에 증상이 약간 잔존하였으며, 그리고 case 3은 5주 후에 완치되었다. 혈중 백혈구 수는 치료와 더불어 모든 케이스에서 감소하는 경향을 보였으나, 호중구/림프구 비율은 일정한 경향을 나타내지 않았다. 5주째 병리조직 검사 소견상에서 case 1과 case 3은 뚜렷한 병리조직학적 변화가 관찰되지 않았으나, case 2는 경도의 변화가 관찰되었다. 결론적으로 개 모낭충에 이환된 본 환축들은 항생제 약침과 일반 치료법의 병행으로 양호한 치료반응을 나타낸 증례이었다.