• 한국방재안전학회논문집
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• 제5권2호
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• pp.35-42
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• 2012

지방자치단체 재난관리부서 실무책임자(재난관리자)의 역할은 주민들의 생명과 재산을 담보하는 업무의 중요성에도 불구하고, 이들의 역할과 책임에 대한 구체적 연구결과나 문헌조차 없는 실정으로 이들의 역할정립이 시급한 시점이다. 본 연구에서는 일반 행정관리자의 역할과는 달리 재난이라는 특수한 상황 속에서 재난관리자가 수행해야할 차별화된 위상과 역할을 국내외 문헌들에 대한 고찰을 통해 정립해 봄을 목적으로 한다. 재난관리자의 역할이 일반 행정관리자의 역할과 상당부분 유사한 부분이 있다고 보여지지만, 인명 및 재산보호나 특수영역으로서 전문가적 역할도 강조되어야 한다는 점이 차별화 되었다. 재난관리 단계별로 예방, 복구 등의 업무 수행에 있어서는 중하위직에서 이루어지는 관리업무가 주류를 이루고 있는 반면, 대비 및 대응단계의 업무수행은 긴박한 의사결정지원, 인접부서 또는 타기관간의 협조와 조정, 주민설득, 자원의 동원 등 대내외적 조정, 통제역량 및 정무적 판단능력이 수반되어야 하므로 중상층 이상의 관리자 역할이 요구된다.

• Safety and Health at Work
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• 제14권4호
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• pp.368-374
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• 2023

Background: Recognizing that access to safe and healthy working conditions is a human right, the World Health Organization (WHO) calls for specific occupational safety and health (OSH) programs for health workers (HWs). The WHO health systems' building blocks, and the International Labour Organization (ILO), highlight the importance of information as part of effective systems. This study examined how OSH stakeholders access, use, and value an occupational health information system (OHIS). Methods: A cross-sectional survey of OSH stakeholders was conducted as part of a larger quasi experimental study in four teaching hospitals. The study hospitals and participants were purposefully selected and data collected using a modified questionnaire with both closed and open-ended questions. Quantitative analysis was conducted and themes identified for qualitative analysis. Ethics approval was provided by the University of Pretoria and University of British Columbia. Results: There were 71 participants comprised of hospital managers, health and safety representatives, trade unions representatives and OSH professionals. At least 42% reported poor accessibility and poor timeliness of OHIS for decision-making. Only 50% had access to computers and 27% reported poor computer skills. When existing, OHIS was poorly organized and needed upgrades, with 85% reporting the need for significant reforms. Only 45% reported use of OHIS for decision-making in their OSH role. Conclusion: Given the gap in access and utilization of information needed to protect worker's rights to a safe and healthy workplace, more attention is warranted to OHIS development and use as well as education and training in South Africa and beyond.

• 한국학교ㆍ지역보건교육학회지
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• 제12권3호
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• pp.1-15
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• 2011

Objectives: We describe the development of a smoking and drinking prevention program for adolescents, using intervention mapping. Methods: The study sample consisted of 1,000 high school second-grade students from 6 high schools in Seoul. The PRECEDE model was applied for the needs assessment. We carried out a social diagnosis by assessing the factors such as the quality of life, happiness level, and satisfaction with school life; an epidemiological diagnosis on the perceived health status, stress levels, and priority of health issues; a behavioral diagnosis on the smoking and drinking rate and the intention to smoke and drink; and an educational diagnosis on knowledge, beliefs, attitudes, self-efficacy, outcome expectations, social norms and life skills. Results: The development process included a needs assessment, identifying factors that influence smoking and drinking among adolescents. Intention, knowledge, perceived norms, perceived benefit, perceived cost, perceived susceptibility, self-efficacy, and life skills were identified as determinants. Three performance objectives were formulated to describe what an individual needs to do in order to avoid smoking and drinking. Subsequently, we constructed an intervention matrix by crossing the performance objectives with the selected determinants. Each cell describes the learning objectives of the smoking and drinking prevention program. The program used methods from the transtheoretical model, such as consciousness raising, outcome expectations, self-reevaluation, self-liberation, counterconditioning, environmental reevaluation, and stimulus control. The program deals with the effects of smoking and drinking, self-improvement, decision making, understanding advertisements, communication skills, social relationships, and assertiveness. Conclusions: By using the process of intervention mapping, the program developer was able to ensure a systematical incorporation of empirical and new data and theories to guide the intervention design. Programs targeting other health-related behavior and other methods or strategies can also be developed using this intervention mapping process.

• 한국수자원학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국수자원학회 2005년도 학술발표회 논문집
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• pp.44-51
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• 2005

Water flow in rivers during flood season can be 10 to 100 fold higher than normal seasons (low precipitation) in Japan and predicting flood runoff is essential for operating reservoirs with discharging gates. Abundant experiences and knowledge are requisites for operators to be able to make efficient decisions at work. This research investigated a method to transfer technical knowledge by acquiring skills and knowledge from actual dam operators and by using the information to construct an educational training system. The purpose of the research was to enable the execution of a secure and rational reservoir operation during flood period. The educational training system for reservoir operation was developed with the focuses on acquiring knowledge on hydraulics and hydrology and learning about decision making related to the reservoir operation as well as the timing of control. The system is capable of conducting education that corresponds to individual levels in each location. Of the educational training methods, a lecture method that uses textbooks is effective for the understanding of basic knowledge and concepts while a training method that uses a simulation device is essential for the practice of advanced and specialized procedures in specific fields. Simulation devices are used in operational training for airplane flight and driving cars and trains. The educational system presented here was designed to provide further assistance to those who have acquired basic knowledge and concepts through textbooks and also to at low them to perform the satisfactory operation of dam equipment. Our research proposes a method which can realize a system to acquire technical skills-the skills which are the foundation of technical knowledge and operation.

• 산학경영연구
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• 제11권
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• pp.1-14
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• 1998

비과학적 내지는 예술의 영역으로 알려진 협상기법들을 행동과학적 관점에서 고찰하였다. 보다 구체적으로는 협상 당사자들이 취하는 행동이나 심리적 상태가 협상과정과 협상결과에 중요한 영향을 미치는 것으로 보고 이러한 요인들을 행동과학적으로 재조명하는 것에 연구의 초점을 맞추었다. 행동과학적 접근을 시도하는데 있어서 인지심리학의 일부 영역인 의사결정이론을 중심으로 개발된 제 개념들 - 현저성(顯著性), 선언준수(宣言遵守) 및 선언준수(宣言遵守)의 단계적(段階的) 확대(擴大), 골격구성(骨格構成), 근거설정(根據設定)과 조정(調整), 기증효과(寄贈效果) - 을 재정립하였으며, 이들 개념들을 기존 협상기법의 분석 및 새로운 협상기법 개발에 응용하였다. 연구결과 다분히 예술적이고 훈시 조로 인식되었던 여러 협상기법들이 행동과학적으로 타당한 논리와 근거 위에서 설명되어질 수 있다는 것을 발견하였다. 이것은 역(逆)으로 행동과학적 연구를 통하여 보다 성공적인 협상기법들을 개발하여야 된다는 것을 의미하기도 한다.

• 대한간호학회지
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• 제29권1호
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• pp.150-160
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• 1999

Background and purpose : Drug abuse is one of the most serious problems among the Korean adolescents today and has been associated with delinquent behavior in adolescents. The number of adolescents who abuse drugs is increasing yearly. Solutions to the problem, however, have not been well developed. The purpose of this study was to determine the effectiveness of a drug use prevention program which was developed by researchers. The program was a modified DARE(Drug Abuse Resistance Education) program for Korean adolescents. Methods: This study used an experimental, one-group pretest-posttest design with a convenience sample of 122 middle school students who were at one middle school located in Seoul. Data were collected using a self-administered questionnaire where ‘knowledge and attitude about drug use’, ‘social skill’, and ‘self-esteem’ were measured. The program had 12 sessions to improve knowledge and attitudes towards drugs, decision making skills, social resistance skills, management of stress and self-esteem of students. Teaching strategies for each session were varied lectures, group discussion. role-playing, question-and-answer sessions and audiovisual materials. Paired t-test was used to analyze the differences between the pre- and post-test scores on knowledge of and attitudes towards drug use, social skills, and self-esteem. Results : There were significant differences in knowledge and attitudes about drug use between pretest and post-test (p＜.05), but no significant differences in social skill and self-esteem(p＞.05). Conclusion: Our results showed that the drug use prevention program was not effective in promoting social-skill and self-esteem of Korean adolescents. These findings might be due to the respondents being in the period of early adolescence (puberty) and not being good at group discussion. So, further study is needed to develop a drug use prevention program appropriate to students 9 and 10 years old, and to encourge small group discussion.

• 치위생과학회지
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• 제20권1호
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• pp.16-24
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• 2020

Background: Dental treatment has shifted to the center of the community, and the public policy of the country has expanded to support the vulnerable classes such as the disabled. The dental profession needs education regarding oral health services for persons with disabilities, and it is necessary to derive the competencies for this. Therefore, we conducted this study to derive the normative ability to understand the role of a dental hygienist in the oral health service for persons with disabilities and improvement plans for education. Methods: We conducted a qualitative analysis for deriving competencies by analyzing the data collected through in-depth interviews with experts in order to obtain abilities through practical experience. Based on the competency criterion, relevant competency in the interview response was derived using the priori method, and it was confirmed whether the derived ability matched the ability determined by the respondent. Results: The professional conduct competencies of dental hygienists, devised by the Korean Association of Dental Hygiene, consists of professional behavior, ethical decision-making, self-assessment skills, lifelong learning, and accumulated evidence. Also, core competencies of the American Dental Education Association competencies for dental hygienist classification such as ethics, responsibility for professional actions, and critical thinking skills were used as the criterion. The dental hygienist's abilities needed for oral health care for people with disabilities, especially in the detailed abilities to fulfill these social needs, were clarified. Conclusion: To activate oral health care for people with disabilities, it is necessary for dental hygienists to fulfill their appropriate roles, and for this purpose, competency-based curriculum restructuring is indispensable. A social safety net for improving the oral health of people with disabilities can be secured by improving the required skills-based education system of dental hygienists and strengthening the related infrastructure.

• 한국융합학회논문지
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• 제11권9호
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• pp.65-72
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• 2020

치위생학교육평가·인증체계 정립을 위한 학습성과기반 치위생 핵심역량을 파악하고자 치위생(학)과 전임교수 207명을 대상으로 설문 조사를 실시하였다. 핵심역량별 세부영역에서 전문가적 행동 및 윤리적 의사결정 능력(1영역)과 과학적이고 전문적인 임상치위생과 임상치과업무의 지식과 기술을 적용할 수 있는 능력(2영역)의 전체 점수가 가장 높게 나타났고, 의사소통 능력 정도(3영역)는 4.48점, 근거중심의 통합적 사고와 문제해결 능력 정도(5영역)는 4.35점으로 나타났다. 핵심역량 세부영역들은 강한 상관관계가 있는 것을 확인하여 보건의료서비스 직종간의 핵심역량 파악과 임상 실무현장에 근무하고 있는 치과위생사들의 핵심역량에 대한 질적 연구가 필요하다고 사료된다.

• 국제학술발표논문집
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• The 9th International Conference on Construction Engineering and Project Management
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• pp.1220-1220
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• 2022

Constructionarium Ltd is a not-for-profit organisation which delivers a residential, experiential, immersive learning opportunity to university students from across the built environment education sector. Since 2002, the Constructionarium education model has been available to students in engineering, construction management and architecture at a purpose built, 19-acre multi-disciplinary training facility in Bircham Newton, England simulating real site life and reflecting site processes, practices and health and safety requirements. The unique approach of Constructionarium puts experiential learning and sustainability at the heart of everything. In a week, students develop a practical understanding of the construction process, develop transferable skills, build a team and are exposed to the latest in sustainable technologies. Experiential learning is what differentiates a Constructionarium project from regular field trips or site visits. At Constructionarium the focus is on learning by participation rather than learning through theory or watching a demonstration. The projects cannot be replicated in a classroom or on campus. Using the hands-on construction of scaled down versions of iconic structures from around the world, students learn that it requires the involvement of the whole construction team to successfully complete their project. Skills such as communication, planning, budgeting, time management and decision making are woven into a week-long interrelationship with industry professionals, academic mentors and trades workers. Working together to enhance transferable skills brings the educational environment into the reality of completing an actual construction project handled by the students. Constructionarium has used this transformational learning model to educate thousands of students from all over the United Kingdom, Europe and Asia. Texas A&M University in the United States has sent multiple teams of students from its Department of Construction Science every operational year since 2016.

• 한국과학교육학회지
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• 제36권5호
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• pp.757-768
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• 2016

이 연구는 육색사고모자라는 창의적 기법을 적용한 SSI 토론 프로그램을 개발하여 SNS 토론과 기존 면대면 토론 후 논증유형의 차이와 학생의 성격특성별 의사결정능력에 미치는 효과를 알아보았다. 맞춤아기, 배아줄기세포연구, 낙태의 합법성을 주제로 한 3가지 SSI 토론 수업을 SNS를 활용한 토론 집단과 면대면 토론 집단으로 각각 2 학급씩 나누어 학생별 성격특성 검사지를 통해 학생의 성격유형을 외향성, 수용성, 성실성으로 구분하였다. 그리고 두 집단 모두 창의적 사고 기법인 육색사고모자 기법을 이용한 창의적 토론방법을 사전 교육한 후 수업을 진행하였다. 토론 활동이 끝난 후 SNS를 활용한 토론을 한 학생들의 토론 내용은 텍스트로 저장하였고 면대면 토론을 한 학생들의 토론과정에 작성한 활동지와 수업 활동을 촬영한 동영상과 녹음파일을 전사 후 분석한 내용을 바탕으로 학생들이 주제에 대한 최종의견을 주장할 때 사용한 논증 유형과 성격특성별 의사결정능력결과의 차이를 비교하였다. SNS 토론과 면대면 토론에서 사용한 논증유형을 분석한 결과 가장 많이 사용한 논증유형은 인과 유형이었고, SNS 토론의 경우 인과 유형 다음으로 많이 사용한 논증유형은 징표, 유추, 권위, 동기 순이었다. 그에 비해 면대면 토론 결과 인과 유형이 전체 논증 유형의 76% 이상이었고, 나머지 논증 유형은 거의 사용하지 않았거나 주제에 따라 유추, 권위, 동기의 논증 유형을 1~2회 정도 사용하였음을 알 수 있었다. 그리고 면대면 토론을 한 학생보다 SNS 토론을 한 학생들이 인과 이외에도 일반화, 분류화와 병렬적 사례 등의 다양한 논증유형을 사용하였다. 학생의 성격특성별 의사결정능력의 세 가지 요인인 쟁점의 복잡성, 관점의 다양성, 탐구의 객관성 결과를 분석해보면 의사결정능력의 '쟁점의 복잡성'요인에서는 수용성의 학생그룹에서만 SNS 토론집단과 면대면 토론집단 간에 유의미한 차이가 나타났고, '관점의 다양성'요인에서는 외향성, 수용성, 성실성 모두 SNS 토론집단과 면대면 토론집단 간에 유의미한 차이가 있었다. 마지막으로 '탐구의 객관성'요인에서는 외향성, 수용성, 성실성 모두 SNS 토론집단과 면대면 토론집단 간에 유의미한 차이가 없었다. 연구 결과 육색사고모를 이용한 SSI 주제의 토론수업이 기존의 면대면 토론보다 SNS 토론이 학생들이 다양한 논증유형을 사용해 주장하는데 효과적인 방법이고 의사결정능력 검사의 '관점의 다양성'의 요인에서 성격특성에 관계없이 SNS 토론이 더 효과적이라는 것을 알 수 있었다. 따라서 SSI 주제에 대해 육색사고모자를 활용한 SNS 토론이 주제에 대한 다양한 관점을 고려해 보고 의사결정을 하는데 효과적인 방법의 하나로 될 수 있음을 알 수 있었다.