• Journal of the Korean Society for information Management
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• v.15 no.1
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• pp.83-108
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• 1998

Recently, information on international trade goes on increasing in quantity because of the globalism and many related areas of the field. Most of libraries and informatin centers in Korea are using Dewey Decimal Classification(DDC), Library of congress Classification(LCC), and Korean Decimal Classification(KDC) to classify library materials on the subject. The application of three classification shcemes, DDC, LCC, and KDC were queried to determine the classification of materials on international trade. And analyses of the parts of international trade in three classification shemes were done in order to identify what major changes have made with the development of the field. There was subject scatter in DDC and LCC; there was an overlap among the classes of the three systems; and there was little change between present editions and the previous editions. The revision for international trade field of the KDC, the 4t edtition was suggested to help cover some deficiencies of the classification scheme. Inorder to develop a better KDC, the 5th edition, continuous revisions based upon the opinions of subject specialists and catalogers in the field are highly recommended.

• Journal of the Korean Society for Library and Information Science
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• v.43 no.1
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• pp.5-26
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• 2009

The purpose of this study is to improve the classification focused on KDC 4th edition for children's materials. For the study, literature study, KDC application and user survey in 51 libraries for children were performed. Based on the results, classification for children's materials is proposed to improve in two ways: classification system itself and arrangement in the shelf. First of all, it is required to scatter the subjects that are centered on specific numbers and to allow various types, characteristics and literature genre of children's materials to be classified in KDC. KDC also should provide specific notes and classification guidelines for interdisciplinary subjects. In the shelf arrangement, it is proposed to consider the introduction of user-friendly call number and arrangement principles by ages or titles. In the end, it is necessary to compose various collections that represent users' needs, and the user education program is needed.

• Korean Journal of Optics and Photonics
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• v.19 no.1
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• pp.60-67
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• 2008

An all-optical 4-bit Gray code to binary coded decimal (BCD) converter by means of commercially available numerical analysis tool (VPI) was demonstrated, for the first time to our knowledge. Circuit design approach was modified appropriately in order to fit the electrical method on an all-optical logic circuit based on a cross gain modulation (XGM) process so that signal degradation due to the non-ideal optical logic gates can be minimized. Without regenerations, Q-factor of around 4 was obtained for the most severely degraded output bit (least significant bit-LSB) with 2.5 Gbps clean input signals having 20 dB extinction ratio. While modifying the two-level simplification method and Karnaugh map method to design a Gray code to BCD converter, a general design concept was also founded (one-level simplification) in this research, not only for the Gray code to BCD converter but also for any general applications.

• Korean Journal of Food Science and Technology
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• v.28 no.3
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• pp.587-592
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• 1996

Effects of high pressure on the inactivation and microstructure of Candida tropicalis (C. tropicalis) were in vestigated. High pressure inactivation of C. tropicalis was a first order reaction. The decimal reduction time (D value) at 400 MPa was 1.4 min at $25^{\circ}C$ and z value was 100 MPa. The effect of high pressure treatment was higher when treated at $45^{\circ}C$ than at $25^{\circ}C$. Damages in mitochondrial membrane and cell wall of C. Tropicalis were observed when it was pressurized at 400 MPa for 10 min. It indicates that high pressure affects the membrane system of the cell and causes the inactivation of C. tropicalis.

• School Mathematics
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• v.18 no.3
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• pp.647-666
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• 2016

This study investigates pre-service teacher's understanding of the concept and representations of irrational numbers. We classified the representations of irrational numbers into six categories; non-fraction, decimal, symbolic, geometric, point on a number line, approximation representation. The results of this study are as follows. First, pre-service teachers couldn't relate non-fractional definition and incommensurability of irrational numbers. Secondly, we observed the centralization tendency on symbolic representation and the little attention to other representations. Thirdly, pre-service teachers had more difficulty moving between symbolic representation and point on a number line representation of ${\pi}$ than that of $\sqrt{5}$ We suggested the concept of irrational numbers should be learned in relation to various representations of irrational numbers.

• Korean Journal of Food Science and Technology
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• v.7 no.3
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• pp.148-153
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• 1975

Seven toxigenic molds isolated from deteriorated rice in Korea, Aspergillus clavatus, Asp. flavus var. columnaris, Asp. fumigatus, Asp. ochraceus, Penicillium citrinum, Pen. implicatum, and Pen. islandicum, were examined for their sensitivity toward Co-60 gamma rays for survival. Conidia of all tested species showed survival curves of sigmoidal type, from which decimal reduction doses were found to vary in the range of $14{\sim}33$ krad, induction doses, in the range of $12{\sim}56$ krad and inactivation factors at 200 krad, in the range of $4.6{\sim}12.8$, all at a dose rate of 11.56 krad/min. Dose rate effects on the radiosensitivity of Asp. flavus and Pen. islandicum conidia indicated that the higher dose rate (11.56 krad/min) caused decreases in decimal reduction doses as compared with the lower dose rate (2.67 krad/min).

• Journal for History of Mathematics
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• v.25 no.4
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• pp.1-10
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• 2012

In Chinese mathematics, there have been two numeral systems, namely one in spoken language for recording and the other by counting rods for computations. They concerned with problems dealing with practical applications, numbers in them are concrete numbers except in the process of basic operations. Thus they could hardly develop a pure theory of numbers. In Song dynasty, 0 and TianYuanShu were introduced, where the coefficients were denoted by counting rods. We show that in this process, counting rods took over the role of the numeral system in spoken language and hence counting rod numeral system plays the role of that for abstract numbers together with the tool for calculations. Decimal fractions were also understood as denominate numbers but using the notions by counting rods, decimals were also admitted as abstract numbers. Noting that abacus replaced counting rods and TianYuanShu were lost in Ming dynasty, abstract numbers disappeared in Chinese mathematics. Investigating JianJie YiMing SuanFa(簡捷易明算法) written by Shen ShiGui(沈士桂) around 1704, we conclude that Shen noticed repeating decimals and their operations, and also used various rounding methods.

• Journal of the Korean Society for information Management
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• v.36 no.2
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• pp.255-273
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• 2019

Recently, the table of contents (TOC) has been becoming increasingly accessible and utilized. The study conducted descriptive statistics and comparative analysis of the table of contents in terms of parts of speech and subject in text. For this purpose, this study chose the books of the social sciences field from acquisition lists of an academic library, obtained Dewey class numbers of target books from KERIS union catalog, and extracted TOC data from online bookstore. Morphological analysis was performed on each book titles and TOCs, and descriptive statistics and frequency analysis were carried out. As a result, nouns made up roughly half of the morphemes of titles or the TOCs. TOCs had about 50 times more nouns than titles. The percentage of unique nouns that appeared only in the table of contents is estimated to be 95.2% of the TOC's total nouns. The table of contents also showed a differences in its lengths depending on the field of social science.

• Journal of the Korean Society for Library and Information Science
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• v.55 no.2
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• pp.25-50
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• 2021

General-purpose classification scheme encompasses all subject areas, While the whole classification scheme is constructed by library studies experts, structure and preparation of each specific subject area's classification should be referenced to that specific subject. In order for the whole system to be practical and useful classification scheme, not just a simple collection of each subject area's scheme, it is necessary to set the rule for properly distributing the amount of classification items, and the collections assigned to these items. The rule to set the distribution of items based on the amount of document collections is called 'literary warrant'. This study examines actual status of assignment of each classification items to information resources, as a result of application of Korean Decimal Classification, and then suggests a way to improve these practices.

• Journal of the Korea Institute of Information and Communication Engineering
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• v.26 no.5
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• pp.656-661
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• 2022

Password with a combination of 4-digit numbers has been widely adopted for various authentication systems (such as credit card authentication, digital door lock systems and so on). However, this system could not be safe because the 4-digit password can easily be stolen by predicting it from the fingermarks on the keypad or display screen. Furthermore, due to the prolonged COVID-19 pandemic, contactless method has been preferred over contact method in authentication. This paper suggests a new password input method based on eyeblink pattern analysis in video sequence. In the proposed method, when someone stands in front of a camera, the sequence of eyeblink motions is captured (according to counting signal from 0 to 9 or 9 to 0), analyzed and encoded, producing the desired 4-digit decimal numbers. One does not need to touch something like keypad or perform an exaggerated action, which can become a very important clue for intruders to predict the password.