• 동의생리병리학회지
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• 제31권2호
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• pp.83-93
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• 2017

This study covers pattern differentiation based on Korean medical references, research trend and modern clinical applications about Sleep-Wake disorders of Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders(DSM-V) published by American Psychiatric Association. Insomnia disorder is mostly caused by yin deficiency of liver-kidney or liver qi depression and main patterns are heart-kidney non-interaction, deficiency-excess complex pattern containing phlegm-heat due to qi stagnation and blood stasis. Hypersomnolence disorder is more due to yang deficiency rather than yin deficiency and it's major pattern is spleen-kidney yang deficiency. Cataplexy is main feature in narcolepsy and corresponds to depressive psychosis or fainting in terms of Korean Medicine and narcolepsy is assumed to be relevant to liver wind. Breathing-related sleep disorders are related with phlegm-fluid retention brought on spleen deficiency with dampness encumbrance. Pattern of circadian rhythm sleep-wake disorders is combined with yin deficiency of liver-kidney or liver qi depression of insomnia disorder and spleen-kidney yang deficiency or dampness-phlegm of hypersomnolence disorder. Yin deficiency with effulgent fire brought on drugs or alcohol is one of main patterns of substance/medication-induced sleep disorder and combined patterns with yin deficiency of liver-kidney and blood stasis or dampness-phlegm-heat are mostly applied clinically. This study drew major and frequently applied patterns of sleep-wake disorders based on Koran medical literature and modern clinical applications. And that can be the groundwork for the task ahead like clinical practice guideline of sleep-wake disorders containing pattern differentiation, diagnosis and prescriptions.

• 대한한의학방제학회지
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• 제12권2호
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• pp.57-76
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• 2004

This report describes the remedial fields, symptoms, pathology, dosage, prescriptional constitution of 69 studies related to the use of Radix Asari main blended prescriptions from Dongeubogam. The following conclusions were reached through investigations on the prescriptions that use Radix Asari as a key ingredient. Radix Asari blended prescriptions are utilized for 14 therapeutic purposes, for example, in symptoms of tooth, eye, paralysis, ear-nose, skin infection and carbuncle. In particular, 14.49% of the prescriptions appear in the chapter of tooth, and 10.14% of those appear in the chapter of eye. Prescriptions that utilize Radix Asari as the main ingredient are used in the treatment of dental disease, othalmology, nose and ear disease, throat disease, common cold, dermothology, paralysis, musculoskeletal disease, disease of the head, asthma, genital disease, the injury of the cuts and they are also used for treating 50 different types of diseases. Radix Asari is used in Six pathogenic factors such as wind, wind-cold, wind-heat, wind-dampness heat, wind-dampness, dampness, paralysis, cold-chill, cold, dryness, in visceral pathogenic factors such as stomach, kidney, liver-kidney, liver and in chi-blood pathogenic factors such as chi-blood deficiency, chi-blood stagnation and in extravasated blood pathogenic factors such as impact injury, an injury such as cuts, blood accumulation as well as weakness-cold and parasites. The actual amount of Radix Asari blended has ranged at a wide variety of amounts from 2.5pun(about 0.94gram) to 3don(about 11.25gram). 26.09% of the prescriptions used 1don(about 3.75gram). The function of Radix Asari is to calm down, to get the consciousness back, to bore through, to warm up the meridians and to run it smoothly, to discharge of phlegm from the combination of drugs and prescriptions.

• 대한한의학회지
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• 제40권4호
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• pp.49-60
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• 2019

Objectives: To develop a standardized diagnostic pattern identification equation for stroke patients, our group conducted a study to derive the predictive logistic equations. However, the sample size was relatively small. In the current study, we aimed to derive new predictive logistic equations for each diagnostic pattern using an expanded number of subjects. Methods: This study was a hospital-based multi-center trial recruited stroke patients within 30 days of symptom onset. Patients' general information, and the variables related to diagnostic pattern identification were measured. The diagnostic pattern of each patient was identified independently by two Korean Medicine Doctors. To derive a predictive model for pattern identification, binary logistic regression analysis was applied. Results: Among the 1,251 patients, 385 patients (30.8%) had the Fire Heat Pattern, 460 patients (36.8%) the Phlegm Dampness Pattern, 212 patients (16.9%) the Qi Deficiency Pattern, and 194 patients (15.5%) the Yin Deficiency Pattern. After the regression analysis, the predictive logistic equations for each pattern were determined. Conclusion: The predictive equations for Fire Heat, Phlegm Dampness, Qi Deficiency, and Yin Deficiency would be useful to determine individual stroke patients' pattern identification in the clinical setting. However, further studies using objective measurements are necessary to validate these data.

• 대한한의학방제학회지
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• 제13권1호
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• pp.195-213
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• 2005

This report describes the remedial fields, symptoms, pathology, dosage, prescriptional constitution of 46 studies related to the use of Lignum akebiae main blended prescriptions from Dongeubogam. The following conclusions were reached through investigations on the prescriptions that use Lignum akebiae as a key ingredient. Lignum akebiae blended prescriptions are utilized 17.4% of prescriptions appear in the chapter of urine. Prescriptions that utilize Lignum akebiae as the main ingredient are used commonly in the treatment of the symptoms of a urine and a cystic disease related to the urinary organs, or the diseases of eye, ear, nose, throat and the symptoms of a tumor, abscess. Lignum akebiae is utilized for an etiological and pathologenic fators related to heat, dampness, phlegm and summer heat such as excessive fever of heart and bladder, fever of small intestine, lower energizer dampness and heat, fever due to blood deficiency, phlegm fire, affection by summer heat and dampness etc. The clinical dosage of Lignum akebiae is 1 don(about 3.75gram), according to symptoms, it has ranged at a wide variety of amounts from 3 pun(about 1.13gram) to 1.5 don(about 11.25gram). Lignum akebiae is widely applied with base prescriptions such as Dozuksan, Moktongchajuntang, Manjunmoktongtang. etc.

• 동의생리병리학회지
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• 제23권3호
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• pp.521-527
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• 2009

According to <> and <>, Taeum is strongly related to dampness, earth, and canter. The origin of Taeum is dampness and the presentation of it is dryness, thus spleen plays a greater role than lung in physiologic and pathologic aspect. Taeum meridian cooperates with Soeum and Guelum meridian, and spreads yin gi through spleen and lung meridian. Among six meridian types that are invented by Ji-San, Taeum type possesses lowered eyes and nose and displays characteristics of Taeum disease. Instead of five jang organs and six bu orqans, meridians are major factor of Taeum type. Thus SiDongByung (disease of gi) and SoSaengByung (disease of blood) are considered more significantly than internal and external symptoms of organs. Personality of Taeum type is realistic, pragmatic, diligent, and occasionally selfish. Medications for Taeum type are described as following. GwakHyangJungKi-San or InSamYangWi-Tang can be considered for the complication of intrinsic and extrinsic diseases, which are caused by yin symptom of SangHan. If cold stomach affected by Taeum disease causes an abdominal pain and diarrhea, YiJoong-Tang or PalMiYiJoong-Tang are suggested.

• Korean Journal of Acupuncture
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• 제31권3호
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• pp.117-124
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• 2014

Objectives : The purpose of this study is to understand the meaning and the yin-yang properties of the six qi and the three yin and three yang as well as to understand the relationship between the six qi and the three yin and three yang. Methods : As the concept of six qi is the six climatic influences after all, I tried to grasp the yin and yang properties of the six qi on the basis of the meteorology and Yun Qi theory. Based on this I studied the concept and properties of the three yin and three yang. Results and Conclusions: (1) Among the six qi, cold and heat refer to temperature, dryness and dampness to humidity, and wind and ministerial fire to atmospheric pressure. Wind is an ascending air current while ministerial fire is a descending air current. Therefore, wind, heat, and dampness are the yang, and ministerial fire, dryness, and cold are the yin. (2) Three yin and three yang represent changes of ying and yang of all things following six qi changes. Simple deviation of qi can be described by yin and yang, but consequent changes in form required further developed concepts of three yin and three yang. In other words, the changes of the form caused by wind, heat, and dampness are namely reverting yin, lesser yin, and greater yin respectively, while the changes of the form caused by ministerial fire, dryness, and cold are expressed as lesser yang, yang brightness, and greater yang respectively.

• Safety and Health at Work
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• 제11권2호
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• pp.173-177
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• 2020

Background: Indoor air dampness microbiota (DM) is a big health hazard. Sufficient evidence exists that exposure to DM causes new asthma or exacerbation, dyspnea, infections of upper airways and allergic alveolitis. Less convincing evidence has yet been published for extrapulmonary manifestations of dampness and mold hypersensitivity syndrome). Methods: We investigated the prevalence of extrapulmonary in addition to respiratory symptoms with a questionnaire in a cohort of nurses and midwives (n = 90) exposed to DM in a Helsinki Obstetric Hospital. The corresponding prevalence was compared with an unexposed cohort (n = 45). Particular interest was put on neurological symptoms and multiple chemical sensitivity. Results: The results show that respiratory symptoms were more common among participants of the study vs. control cohort, that is, 80 vs 29%, respectively (risk ratio [RR]: 2.56, p < 0.001). Symptoms of the central or peripheral nervous system were also more common in study vs. control cohort: 81 vs 11% (RR: 6.63, p < 0.001). Fatigue was reported in 77 vs. 24%, (RR: 3.05, p < 0.001) and multiple chemical sensitivity in 40 vs. 9%, (RR: 3.44, p = 0.01), the so-called "brain fog", was prevalent in 62 vs 11% (RR: 4.94, p < 0.001), arrhythmias were reported in 57 vs. 2.4% (RR: 19.75, p < 0.001) and musculoskeletal pain in 51 vs 22% (RR: 2.02, p = 0.02) among participants of the study vs. control cohort, respectively. Conclusion: The results indicate that the exposure to DM is associated with a plethora of extrapulmonary symptoms. Presented data corroborate our recent reports on the health effects of moist and mold exposure in a workplace.

• 대한한방부인과학회지
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• 제20권1호
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• pp.1-15
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• 2007

Purpose : This study was conducted to investigate the antimicrobial effects of herb for removing dampness and promoting urination against vaginal microbes. Methods : Staphylococcus aureus. Methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus(MRSA), Candida albicans and Gardnerella vaginalis were used for vaginitis-induced microbes. Lactobacillus gasseri, Streptococcus spp. and Escherichia coil HB101 were used for normal vaginal florae. And herbs for removing dampness and promoting urination(Dianthi herbs. Tokoro Rhizoma, Saururi Herbs, Pyrrosiae Folium, Artemisiae Iwayomogii Herba, Plantaginis Semen, Tetrapanacis Medulla, Polygoni Avicularis Herba, Malvae Semen, Akebiae Caulis, Kochiae Fructus, Lygodii Spora) were used. Antimicrobial activities were estimated by the change of optical densities and colony test in vitro. Results : Plantaginis Semen, Artemisiae Iwayomogii Herba and Lygodii Spora had the antimicrobial susceptibility and selective toxicity against MRSA and Gardnerella vaginalis. Polygoni Avicularis Herba had the antimicrobial susceptibility and selective toxicity against Staphylococcus aureus. MRSA and Gardnerella vaginalis. Malvae Semen and Kochiae Fructus had the antimicrobial susceptibility and selective toxicity against MRSA. Dianthi Herba had the antimicrobial susceptibility and selective toxicity against Gardnerella vaginalis. Conclusion : According to these results, we can suggest that Plantaginis Semen, Artemisiae Iwayomogii Herba, Lygodii Spora, Polygoni Avicularis Herba, Malvae Semen, Kochiae Fructus and Dianthi Herba would be available to the antimicrobial agent for vaginitis-induced microbe in vitro.

• 대한한의학방제학회지
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• 제23권2호
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• pp.225-233
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• 2015

Objectives : The purpose of this study was to investigate the interpretation of the Pyeongwi-san(PWS) prescription in order to obtain the evidence for clinical applications. Methods and Result : We interpreted on the PWS-related contents based on 15 classic books, analyzed it according to followed categories ; origin, indication and precaution, usage, meaning of name, physiological and pathological situation of PWS, explain about each herbs. Conclusion : 1. PWS was first mentioned in the Bakjebang, its application was enhancing appetite. Application of PWS not only expanded digestive disease, infectious disease, and pain in articular, but also used to toniyfing drug. 2. Generous application method of PWS was ‘Sujunbok(水煎服)’. Pill preparation(丸劑) and decoction with salt(鹽湯劑) were also used 3. "Pyeongwi(平胃)“ in PWS means "flatten the stomach". There are some theory about methodology to "Pyeongwi (平胃)“, one is "drain the pathogen in stomach(敦阜說)”, other is "tonifying stomach's healthy qi(卑監說)“, the other is compromise theory. 4. Most medical literature related application situation of PWS to dampness(濕邪) in stomach. In Gangsulwongobangsunju, there are more detailed explain focused on metal qi(金氣), and fire qi(火氣) 5. Atractylodes japonica Koidz(蒼朮) drys dampness and fortifys the spleen, Magnolia officinalis Rehder(厚朴) eliminates dampness and treats fullness, Citrus reticulata Blanco(陳皮) moves and drains qi, Glycyrrhiza uralensis Fisch(甘草) tonify and harmonize in herbal formula

• Journal of Acupuncture Research
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• 제24권2호
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• pp.169-185
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• 2007

Objectives : The studies on variation in diagnosis on the neck and nuchal pain has not been done thoroughly as we can use it in clinical practice of these days. For this reason, I examined the variation in diagnosis mentioned in the classics of Oriental Medicine as the preceding study on standardization of variation in diagnosis on neck and nuchal pain. Methods : I gathered the twenty kinds of classics of Oriental Medicine that were computerized, the textbooks on Oriental Medicine which are being used these days, and the theses on current clinical research. After gathering these data, I analyzed these according to the variation in diagnosis. Results : The classics of Oriental Medicine on the neck and nuchal pain mentioned very much about the neck and nuchal pain occurred by the pathogenic factor of Wind, Cold, and Dampness, disharmony created by deficiency of Liver and Kidney, and pathogenic state of Meridians of Taiyang. According to the texts of these days, the differentiation of syndromes can be divided into four kinds of items such as Wind-Cold pathogen, Wind-Dampness pathogen, Phelgm-Heat, and disharmony between Qi and Blood. The theses of these days rarely mentioned about variation in diagnosis on the neck and nuchal pain. Conclusions : The differentiation of syndromes on the neck and nuchal pain can be divided into four kinds items as affection by exopathogen like Wind, Cold, Dampness, Heat, and so on, stagnation of Qi and the coagulation blood, deficient syndrome of Liver and Kidney, and deficient syndrome of Qi and Blood.