• Journal of the Korean Society of Clothing and Textiles
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• v.28 no.2
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• pp.292-302
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• 2004

The purpose of this study was to evaluate thermal properties of lab gowns developed from the point of safety and work efficiency. We evaluated thermal and subjective responses of subjects wearing functional new lab gowns (Type B, C, D) and a popular lab gown on the market (Type A). Type B was a new lab gown made of woven fabric with functional cuffs. Type C was a new apron made of woven fabric with arm protectors. Type D was a new lab gown made of non-woven material with functional cuffs and openings around the armpits. Temperature in the climatic chamber was set at 19$^{\circ}$C as an indoor temperature in winter and at 24$^{\circ}$C in summer. There were no significant differences in rectal temperature and heart rate among four types of gowns and between two air temperatures for 120 min. Mean skin temperature was much higher in the type A and B than in He type C and D (p .05). In the 19$^{\circ}$C air, clothing microclimate temperature on the back was the highest in the type B and was the lowest in the type C (p .05). Clothing microclimate humidity was not significant differences among gowns. In subjective .esponses, subjects perceived that Type B was the warmest gown in the 19$^{\circ}$C and the hottest and more humid in the 24$^{\circ}$C than other gowns. Inversely, type C was the coolest gown among four gowns. Both in the 19$^{\circ}$C and in the 24$^{\circ}$C, the Type D had gained most responses of being comfortable. In conclusion, the temperature difference of 5$^{\circ}$C was more of an influencing factor than the difference from four types of lab gowns. Secondly, we recommend the manufacturers to make lab gowns with functional cuffs for safety purposes. Thirdly, the spread of the type of apron with arm protector will contribute to increase of the frequency of wearing in summer. Fourthly, it is necessary to study continuously about lab gowns with non-woven materials for researchers exposed to toxic chemical and biological materials.

• The Transactions of the Korean Institute of Electrical Engineers B
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• v.52 no.6
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• pp.254-261
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• 2003

This study investigates magnetic circuit design of the Single-phase Line-start Permanent Magnet Synchronous Motor (LSPM) to develop the characteristics in steady state. In this paper, the saliency ratio, that is the ratio of q-axial inductance to d-axial inductance, and the inductance difference between q-axial inductance and d-axial inductance are increased. Design factor is selected permanent magnet position and rotor diameter. The analysis method of the synchronous motor on d-/q- axis coordinates is used for the positive component and the equivalent circuit of the induction motor is applied for the negative component analysis. Back-emf and d-q- axial inductance is analyzed by using 2 dimensional Finite Element Method (FEM). Characteristic analysis results with variation of design factor are reflected magnetic circuit design of LSPM. The characteristics of design model are compared with the characteristic of initial model.

• Journal of Korean Academy of Nursing
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• v.9 no.2
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• pp.27-38
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• 1979

This study was undertaken to determine the subjective symptoms of fatigue among the house-wives groups. Inquiries into subjective symptoms of fatigue were made by the form designied by the Industrial Fatigue Research Committee of the Japan Society of Industrial Health (1961), Comprising 30 items. These items are classified into 3 groups of 10 items, namely, A) Physical Symptoms, B) Mental Symptoms, C) Neuro-Sensory Symptoms (Figure 1 ). The results of the investigation can be summerized as follows: 1. Within the total items (T), the physical symptoms (A) were the strongest in the effect on the feelings of fatigue, and were followed by (B), and (C). 2. There was a significant difference shown in the distribution of responses by height (X$^2$=236.29, d.f. = 145, p < 0.00001). In the mental category (F = 2.22, d.f. = 4, p = 0.05) and neuro-sensory category (F = 2.64, d.f. = 4, p < 0.001), there was a difference in the responses’com-plaints by weight. 3. As for the ages, housewives at the age of 50 presented a higher rate than those 30 or 20. 4. Regarding the number of children, respondents have more children showed higher frequency rate of complaints. 5. In the investigation sample, complaints were related to education level (f = 18.34, d.f. = 3, p<0.0001) pentruation (t = 2.31, p< 0.022), and sleeping hours (F = 6.04, d.f. = 6, p< 0.0001).

• Proceedings of the KSR Conference
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• 2011.10a
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• pp.2844-2851
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• 2011

The purpose of this study is to set up an acoustic prediction technique and to perform the IL test of scale down noise reducing device for the development of the noise reducing device as the development of 400km/h class high speed train. First of all, the IL prediction of noise reducing device was performed with the 2D BEM method. And the noise test of scale down noise reducing device in anechoic chamber was performed for the verification of acoustic prediction technique and IL performance evaluation. As the results, the acoustic prediction technique for the development of noise reducing device was verified because the averaged IL difference between prediction and test is in 2dB(A). And the measured IL value of noise reducing device is less than 2dB(A), and additional IL with polyester absorption material is increased about 0.5dB(A).

• KOREAN JOURNAL OF CROP SCIENCE
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• v.32 no.4
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• pp.466-470
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• 1987

Immature embryos of Hordeum spontaneum were cultured on B5 and CI medium (Cheng's modified MS) to induce callus formation. CI media containing lmg/$\ell$ and 2mg/$\ell$ 2,4-D were more effective than B5 medium with lmg/$\ell$ 2,4-D for the initiation of callus. Total 883 calli were induced from 1,060 immature embryos plated. Callus induction frequency was 83%. Calli were transferred to differentiation media after one subculture to regenerate plants. Forty six plants were regenerated from 608 calli. Seventeen plants were chlorophyll deficient. There was no significant difference for plant regeneration among genotypes and media effects in calli which had been induced from immature embryos of seven types of trisomies. The overall regeneration frequency was 7.6%.

• Journal of the Institute of Electronics Engineers of Korea CI
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• v.37 no.1
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• pp.55-63
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• 2000

This paper investigated the sub-region compression effect of the three dimensional DCT(3D-DCT) using the difference component(DC) of inter-frame in images. The proposed algorithm are the method that obtain compression effect to divide the information into subband after 3D-DCT, the data appear the type of cubic block(8${\times}$8${\times}$8) in eight difference components per unit. In the frequence domain that transform the eight differential component frames into eight DCT frames with components of both spatial and temporal frequencies of inter-frame, the image data are divided into frame component(8${\times}$8 block) of time-axis direction into 4${\times}$4 sub block in order to effectively obtain compression data because image components are concentrate in corner region with low-frequency of cubic block. Here, using the weight of sub block, we progressed compression ratio as consider to adaptive sub-region of low frequency part. In simulation, we estimated compression ratio, reconstructed image resolution(PSNR) with the simpler image and the complex image contained the higher frequency component. In the result, we could obtain the high compression effect of 30.36dB(average value in the complex-image) and 34.75dB(average value in the simple-image) in compression range of 0.04~0.05bpp.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Food Science and Nutrition
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• v.24 no.6
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• pp.990-997
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• 1995

Effect of preparation method on Yulmoo kimchi(watery kimchi prepared with Yulmoo, leaf radish) fermentation was investigated by measuring physicochemical, microbiological and sensory properties for 20 days. Yulmoo kimchi was fermented at 4$^{\circ}C$ after keeping at room temperature(27$\pm$0.5$^{\circ}C$) for 8 hours. Four types(A, B, C, D) of Yulmoo kimchi were prepared. Sample A was made without wheat flour paste and red pepper powder and sample B was made with wheat flour paste. Sample C was made with red pepper powder, and sample D was made with wheat flour paste and red pepper powder. pH was slowly lowered and stabled after 10 days in all samples. Total acid content increased in all samples. Reducing sugar content initially increased and decreased thereafter. Especially, reducing sugar content of sample B increased in the early stage of fermentation and maintained initial reducing sugar content after 20 days. Total vitamin C content reduced during fermentation in all samples. Especially initial total vitamin C content of sample D increased more than those of other samples relatiely. Lightness and yellowness showed no difference, but on the other hand redness increased gradually in all samples. The number of lactic acid bactgeria reached maximum value in 10~13 days with the total cell numbers and gradually decreased thereafter in all samples. The number of lactic acid bacteria and total cell number of sample D was much more than those of any other samples. As a result of the sensory evaluation, Yulmoo kimchi showed significant difference in all characteristics. Sample D showed the highest scores in all characteristics before 10 days of fermentation. However, after 10 days sample B showed the highest scores.

• Proceedings of the Acoustical Society of Korea Conference
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• 1998.06d
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• pp.64-67
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• 1998

원격지간 화상회의 시스템에서 화자의 위치에 따른 카메라 제어를 위해서는 마이크로폰 배렬(Microphone Array)로 수음한 음성신호에 대해 각 마이크로폰간의 빠른 지연시간 추정이 요구된다. 본 연구에서는 음원위치 추정을 위한 지연시간(Time delay) 계산을 위해 AMDF(Average Magnitude Difference Function)를 적용하여 연산시간을 단축시키는데 목적을 두고 있다. 기본의 상호상관함수 (Cross-correlation )알고리즘 과 본 연구에서 적용한 AMDF 알고리즘을 비교하기 위해 SNR 10dB 와 20dB 인 200Hz, 500Hz, 1kHz, 2kHz의 정현파 합성신호와 단음절 음성신호에 대해 시뮬레이션을 행하였다. 시뮬레이션 결과 AMDF 알고리즘의 정확한 지연시간 추정을 확인하였다.

• Korean Journal of Poultry Science
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• v.39 no.3
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• pp.245-252
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• 2012

This study was carried out to investigate the performance of laying period of two-crossbred of Korean native chickens for producing laying hens. A total of four hundred eighty female 2-crossbred chicks that restored strains and were aboriginal at National Institute of Animal Science. There were four crossbreds (4 replications/crossbred, 30 birds/replication) as A) C strain ${\times}$ Y strain, B) C strain ${\times}$ L strain, C) C strain ${\times}$ G strain, and D) C strain ${\times}$ W strain, respectively. There were no significant difference on age at first egg among crossbreds (P>0.05). Egg weight and body weight of B crossbred at first egg was higher than other crossbreds (P<0.05). Body weight of B crossbred was the highest 20 to 72 weeks (P<0.05), and C and D crossbreds were lower compared to A and B crossbreds (P<0.05). Average feed intake of B crossbred was the highest among crossbreds (P<0.05), and that of A crossbred was higher compared to C and D crossbreds (P<0.05). Weekly feed intake of four crossbreds decreased from 50 weeks. Weekly egg weight of B crossbred was the highest and that of D crossbred was the lowest among crossbreds (P<0.05). Feed conversion ratio of A and B crossbreds was lower than that of C and D crossbreds. Hen-house egg production of C crossbred was the highest among crossbreds until 26 weeks old (P<0.05), but there was no significant difference among crossbreds from at the age of 26 weeks (P>0.05). Hen-day egg production decreased after at the age of 38 weeks. Weekly egg production of A and B crossbreds was higher compared to C and D crossbreds at the age of 68~72 weeks (P<0.05). These results suggested the basic data on the record of laying period of 2-crossbreed Korean Native Chickens for producing laying hens.

• Korean Institute of Interior Design Journal
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• v.21 no.2
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• pp.101-111
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• 2012

The purpose of this study is to draw emotional evaluation model related to LED lighting colors and suggest basic informations that enable planned directions of architectural pacade lighting to simulate beforehand in a laboratory. As experimental methods, extracted PAD emotional evaluation model and then directed a experimental model of 10 LED lighting colors, studied and analyzed survey questions. The results are as follows; First, in the case of P(Pleasure-Unpleasure), Red, Yellow, Green, Cyan, Magenta, White and Combination of $G{\leftrightarrow}B$ Colors are satisfying, vibrant and positive distribution chart has shown. Second, in the case of A(Arousal-Unarousal), Red, Yellow, Green, Cyan, Blue, White and Combinations of $R{\leftrightarrow}G$, $G{\leftrightarrow}B$, $R{\leftrightarrow}B$ Colors, it makes a little difference, they have shown useful distribution chart to induce sight in a aroused state. Third, in the case of D(Dominance-Submissiveness), Red, Cyan, Green and Combinations of $G{\leftrightarrow}B$ Colors are free, controlling and extent of effect was excellent. On the contrary, in the case of Yellow and Magenta and Combinations of $R{\leftrightarrow}B$, they are gentle and arouse the protective instinct or feminine distribution chart has shown. Fourth, it showed difference of preference that difference of select ratios of both men and women in Orange, Blue, Greenish-Yellow (preference of man) and Magenta, Combinations of $R{\leftrightarrow}B$ Colors(preference of woman).