• The Journal of Korean Institute of Communications and Information Sciences
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• v.29 no.9A
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• pp.1101-1107
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• 2004

This paper presents an optimization algorithm and technique for designing parallel Cyclic Redundancy Check (CRC) circuit, which is most widely adopted for error detection A new heuristic algorithm is developed to find as many shared terms as possible, thus eventually to minimize the number and level of the exclusive-or logic blocks in parallel CRC circuits. 16-bit and 32-bit CRC generators are designed with different types of Programmable Logic Devices, and it has been found that our new algorithm and architecture significantly reduce the delay.

• Bulletin of the Korean Mathematical Society
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• v.39 no.2
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• pp.327-332
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• 2002

In this paper we prove that if M is a J-invariant sub-manifold of codimension 2 in a complex projective space $P_{n+1}(C)$, and the second fundamental tensor is cyclic-parallel or M has harmonic curvature, then M is locally complex quadric Q$_n$(C) or P$_n$(C).

• Bulletin of the Korean Mathematical Society
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• v.33 no.2
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• pp.243-251
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• 1996

In a Sasakian manifold, a C-Bochner curvature tensor is constructed from the Bochner curvature tensor in a Kaehlefian manifold by the fibering of Boothby-wang[2]. Many subjects for vanishing C-Bocher curvature tensor with constant scalar curvature were studied in [3], [6], [7], [9], [10], [11] and so on.

• Communications of the Korean Mathematical Society
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• v.24 no.2
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• pp.265-275
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• 2009

The object of the present paper is to study 3-dimensional normal almost contact metric manifolds satisfying certain curvature conditions. Among others it is proved that a parallel symmetric (0, 2) tensor field in a 3-dimensional non-cosympletic normal almost contact metric manifold is a constant multiple of the associated metric tensor and there does not exist a non-zero parallel 2-form. Also we obtain some equivalent conditions on a 3-dimensional normal almost contact metric manifold and we prove that if a 3-dimensional normal almost contact metric manifold which is not a ${\beta}$-Sasakian manifold satisfies cyclic parallel Ricci tensor, then the manifold is a manifold of constant curvature. Finally we prove the existence of such a manifold by a concrete example.

• Proceedings of the KIEE Conference
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• 1987.07b
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• pp.1166-1169
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• 1987

A new analog-la-digital structure. called cyclic-parallel analog-to-digital(A/D) converter, has been developed for video applications. It consists of a M-bit parallel A/D converter, a digital-to-analog(D/A) converter, a differencing amplifier with gain of $2^M$ and two sample-and-hold circuits. In this structure, the input signal is circulated around the circuits K times, thereby converted into a MK-bit digital word. The proposed converter retains speed advantages of conventional series-parallel converters, with half reduced circuit components.

• Biomolecules & Therapeutics
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• v.20 no.1
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• pp.19-26
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• 2012

There are many cyclic peptides with diverse biological activities, such as antibacterial activity, immunosuppressive activity, and anti-tumor activity, and so on. Encouraged by natural cyclic peptides with biological activity, efforts have been made to develop cyclic peptides with both genetic and synthetic methods. The genetic methods include phage display, intein-based cyclic peptides, and mRNA display. The synthetic methods involve individual synthesis, parallel synthesis, as well as split-and-pool synthesis. Recent development of cyclic peptide library based on split-and-pool synthesis allows on-bead screening, in-solution screening, and microarray screening of cyclic peptides for biological activity. Cyclic peptides will be useful as receptor agonist/antagonist, RNA binding molecule, enzyme inhibitor and so on, and more cyclic peptides will emerge as therapeutic agents and biochemical tools.

• Journal of KIISE:Computer Systems and Theory
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• v.28 no.9
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• pp.424-433
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• 2001

The cyclic debugging approach often fails for message passing parallel programs because they non-deterministic characteristics due to message race conditions. This paper identifies the MPI events that affect non-deterministic executions, and then converts the concurrent execution to the sequential one that is controlled in order to make it equivalent to a reference execution by keeping their orders of events in two executions identical. This paper also presents an efficient algorithm for the causal distributed breakpoint which is initiated by any sequential breakpoint in one process, and restores each process to the earliest state that reflects all events that happened causally before the sequential breakpoint. So a cyclic debugging approach can be used in debugging MPI parallel programs as like as in debugging sequential programming environments.

• Structural Engineering and Mechanics
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• v.52 no.6
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• pp.1177-1191
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• 2014

Reinforced concrete (RC) shear walls are one of the most commonly used lateral-load resisting systems in high-rise buildings. RC Parallel redundancy walls studied herein consist of two parts nested to each other. These two parts have different mechanical behaviors and energy dissipation mechanisms. In this paper, experimental studies of four 1/2-scale specimens representing this concept, which are subjected to in-plane cyclic loading, are presented and test results are discussed. Two specimens consist of a wall frame with barbell-shaped walls embedded in it, and the other two consist of a wall frame and braced walls nested each other. The research mainly focuses on the failure mechanism, strength, hysteresis loop, energy dissipation capacity and stiffness of these walls. Results show that the RC parallel redundancy wall is an efficient lateral load resisting component that acts as a "dual" system with good ductility and energy dissipation capacity. One main part absorbs a greater degree of the energy exerted by an earthquake and fails first, whereas the other part can still behave as an independent role in bearing loads after earthquakes.

• The Journal of Korean Institute of Communications and Information Sciences
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• v.30 no.1C
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• pp.1-8
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• 2005

In this paper, we present a novel LDPC code construction called as semi-algebra low density parity check(LDPC) codes which is one kind of deterministic LDPC code based on dual-diagonal sub-matrix. The constructing method results in a class of high rate LDPC codes. Codes in this class have a large girth and good minimum distances. Furthermore, they can be implemented by simple parallel array architecture using cyclic shift register and perform well with the iterative decoding.

• Structural Engineering and Mechanics
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• v.34 no.3
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• pp.367-376
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• 2010

In this paper, an experimental investigation of the mechanical behavior and buckling failure of sharp-notched circular tubes subjected to cyclic bending is discussed. The unnotched and sharp-notched circular tubes of SUS 304 stainless steel were tested under symmetric curvature-controlled cyclic bending. It was found from moment-curvature curves that the loops show cyclic hardening and gradually steady after a few cycles for all tested tubes. The ovalization-curvature curves show an unsymmetric, ratcheting and increasing manner with the number of cycles. In addition, it was found that six almost parallel lines corresponding to unnotched and five different notch-depth (0.2, 0.4, 0.6, 0.8 and 1.0 mm) tubes were noted from the experimental relationship between the cyclic controlled curvature and the number of cycles necessary to produce buckling on a log-log scale. An empirical formulation was proposed so that it could be used for simulating the aforementioned relationship. By comparing with the experimental finding, the simulation was in good agreement with the experimental data.