• 전기학회논문지
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• 제61권1호
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• pp.155-161
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• 2012

The firmware upgrade, which is remotely performed, is an essential function in smart metering or AMI (Advanced Metering Infrastructure). In other words, the AMI software and firmware can be switched for maintaining and improvement without replacement of H/W devices in AMI environment. Also, if number and type of devices are increase, the demand of remote update service will be increased. Through the firmware upgrade service remotely, the electric power corporation may be able to benefit various fields. For example, there are to adapt more easily in many environments, real-time service and to cut maintenance costs. In this paper, we proposed to design an international level FUMS(Firmware Upgrade Management System) which includes requirement function, architecture and protocol related with DCU, Smart Meter.

• Journal of applied mathematics & informatics
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• 제41권4호
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• pp.723-739
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• 2023

In this paper, we developed three theoretical models based on prey and predator that exhibit holling-type response functions. In both a fuzzy and a crisp environment, we have provided a mathematical formulation for the prey predator concept. We used the signed distance method to defuzzify the triangular fuzzy numbers using the alpha-cut function. We can identify equilibrium points for all three theoretical models using the defuzzification technique. Utilizing a variational matrix, stability is also performed with the two species model through three theoretical models. Results are presented, followed by discussion. MATLAB software is used to provide numerical simulations.

• 여성건강간호학회지
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• 제13권4호
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• pp.254-261
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• 2007

Objective: This survey assessed the prevalence and type of sexual dysfunction in middle-aged women regarding sexually related personal distress and examined the prevalence of perceived sexual dysfunction and perceived partners' dysfunction by women. Methods: One-hundred ten healthy community-based middle-aged women participated voluntarily, and validated questionnaires of the Female Sexual Function Index(FSFI) and the Female Sexual Distress Score(FSDS) were used. Results: The percentage of women having sexual dysfunction and sexual distress were 67% and 32% respectively according to the cut-off of FSFI and FSDS. The average score of FSFI was 23.5(s.d.=5.7), which was lower than the cut-off of FSFI, while the average score of FSDS was 13.2, which was in range of a normal score. When considering the two concepts simultaneously, the women were categorized into 4 groups: sexually stressed dysfunction group (24.8%), sexually depressed group(42.2%), sexually healthy group(25.7%), and sexually hyperactive group (7.3%). The percentage of women reporting sexual problems was 24.3%, while the percentage of women reporting sexual dysfunction in their partner was 29.9%. Conclusions: The results indicate a high rate of sexual dysfunction and sexual distress in middle-aged women. However, considering the relationships between sexual dysfunction and sexual distress, almost two thirds were in the sexually depressed group among the women having sexual dysfunction.

• 한국멀티미디어학회논문지
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• 제17권2호
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• pp.208-217
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• 2014

본 논문은 효과적인 물체 검출이 가능하도록 명도값의 변화방향에 따라 수렴하는 경우와 발산하는 경우의 대칭기여도를 적응적으로 제어할 수 있도록 가우시안 함수형태의 위상가중함수를 이용한 적응적 대칭기여도 제어 기반 일반화 대칭변환을 제안하였다. 제안한 방법에서는 먼저 수렴영역과 발산 영역을 정의한 후 정의된 수렴/발산 영역에서 대칭극점과 거리 함수로 표현된 대칭정도에 따라 대칭기여도의 반영 비율을 달리 할 수 있도록 가우시안함수 형태의 위상가중 함수를 사용하였으며, 가우시안함수 형태의 위상 가중함수에서 차단주파수 조절을 통한 대칭기여도의 적응적인 제어를 통해 효과적인 물체 검출이 가능하도록 하였다. 제안한 방안의 성능을 평가하기 위해 IR영상을 포함한 다양한 영상에서 대해 차단주파수 조절을 통한 대칭기여도의 적응적 제어가 물체검출에 미치는 영향을 기존의 GST와 비교, 분석하여 제안한 방법의 우수한 성능을 증명하였다.

• Journal of Korean Neurosurgical Society
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• 제53권2호
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• pp.65-71
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• 2013

Objective : In order to develop a novel nerve guidance channel using porcine small intestinal submucosa (SIS) for nerve regeneration, we investigated the possibility of SIS, a tissue consisting of acellular collagen material without cellular immunogenicity, and containing many kinds of growth factors, as a natural material with a new bioactive functionality. Methods : Left sciatic nerves were cut 5 mm in length, in 14 Sprague-Dawley rats. Grafts between the cut nerve ends were performed with a silicone tube (Silicon group, n=7) and rolled porcine SIS (SIS group, n=7). All rats underwent a motor function test and an electromyography (EMG) study on 4 and 10 weeks after grafting. After last EMG studies, the grafts, including proximal and distal nerve segments, were retrieved for histological analysis. Results : Foot ulcers, due to hypesthesia, were fewer in SIS group than in Silicon group. The run time tests for motor function study were 2.67 seconds in Silicon group and 5.92 seconds in SIS group. Rats in SIS group showed a better EMG response for distal motor latency and amplitude than in Silicon group. Histologically, all grafts contained some axons and myelination. However, the number of axons and the degree of myelination were significantly higher in SIS group than Silicon group. Conclusion : These results show that the porcine SIS was an excellent option as a natural biomaterial for peripheral nerve regeneration since this material contains many kinds of nerve growth factors. Furthermore, it could be used as a biocompatible barrier covering neural tissue.

• 한국정보처리학회논문지
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• 제4권10호
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• pp.2470-2476
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• 1997

본 연구에서는 실시간 휴리스틱 탐색 알고리즘을 개발하고 이것을 기존의 mini-min lookahead 알고리즘과 비교하였다. 많은 실시간 휴리스틱 탐색의 접근 방법에서 종종 전체 문제를 몇 개의 부 문제로 문제를 분할한다. 본 연구에서는 분할된 부 문제에서 마감시간을 적용할 뿐만 아니라 전체 해를 구하는데 있어서도 마감시간을 적용하는 알고리즘을 제안한다. 실시간 휴리스틱 탐색 알고리즘으로 제안된 $RTA^{\ast}$, SARTS, DYNORA 등의 알고리즘들은 탐색에 필요한 시간의 예측을 휴리스틱 평가 함수로부터 얻기 때문에 휴리스틱 평가의 정확도가 그 알고리즘의 성능을 보장하게 된다. 그러나 실세계의 문제에서 정확한 휴리스틱 평가 함수를 구하는 것은 매우 어려운 일이므로 부 문제 공간에서의 탐색 상황을 반영한 마감시간을 적용할 필요가 있다. 본 연구에서는 동적 마감시간 전략인 cut-off 방법을 사용하는 새로운 알고리즘을 제안한다.

• 한국지능시스템학회논문지
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• 제26권6호
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• pp.485-492
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• 2016

이진화는 컴퓨터 비전 분야에서 전경과 배경을 분리하는 중요한 역할을 한다. 본 연구에서는 적응 퍼지 이진화 방법을 제안한다. 이동 창 내의 화소의 밝기 값 분포에 따라 ${\alpha}$-컷을 구하고, 이 값을 이용하여 이진화를 수행한다. ${\alpha}$-컷을 구하기 위해 수행속도가 빠른 기존의 이진화 방법들을 이용한다. 기존 방법들로 구해진 임계치들을 퍼지 소속 함수들의 중심값으로 설정하고, 화소의 밝기값 분포를 이용하여 퍼지 소속 함수들의 구간을 결정한다. 결정된 퍼지 소속 함수들을 이용하여 ${\alpha}$-컷의 조정율을 구하고, 각 화소의 소속도에 따라 이진화를 수행한다. 실험 결과는 제안한 방법이 기존의 방법들보다 전경과 배경이 효과적으로 분리될 수 있고, 전경의 손실이 적어지는 것을 보여준다.

• 한국항행학회논문지
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• 제25권5호
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• pp.363-369
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• 2021

본 논문에서는 텔레메트리 시스템을 위한 가변 컷 오프 주파수 및 가변 샘플레이트 특성을 지니는 저면적 다채널 디지털 필터구조를 제안한다. 제안하는 디지털 필터는 임의의 컷 비율에 대해 필터 뱅크의 추가적인 설계 없이 컷 오프 주파수와 샘플레이트를 가변적으로 사용할 수 있는 필터 뱅크를 구현함으로써 하드웨어 면적을 줄일 수 있었다. 또한, 멀티플렉서 (MUX; Multiplexer) 컨트롤을 통해 통과하는 필터의 개수에 따라 샘플레이트를 가변적으로 선택할 수 있는 구조를 제안한다. 제안하는 디지털 필터는 Quartus의 FIR (finite impulse response) IP (intellectual property)의 TDM (time division multiplexing)을 이용함으로써, TDM을 사용하지 않았을 때보다 면적이 큰 DSP (digital signal processing) 블록을 80개에서 1개로 줄일 수 있었다. Kaiser 창 함수를 이용하여 Matlab을 통해 필터의 차수와 계수를 계산하였으며, VHDL (very high speed integrated circuits hardware description language)을 통해 하드웨어로 구현하였다. 텔레메트리 시스템에 적용 후, 실험 결과를 통해 제안하는 디지털 필터가 정상적으로 동작하고 있음을 확인하였다.

• 한국전문물리치료학회지
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• 제25권1호
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• pp.39-46
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• 2018

Background: The Berg Balance Scale (BBS) and the Fullerton Advanced Balance (FAB) scale have been used to assess balance function in patients with chronic stroke. These clinical balance scales provide information about potential risk factors for falls. Objects: The purpose of this study was to investigate the incidence of and risk factors of falls and compare the predictive values of the BBS and FAB scale relative to fall risk in patients with stroke through receiver operating characteristic analysis. Methods: Sixty-three patients with stroke (faller=34, non-faller=29) who could walk independently for 10 meters participated in this study. The BBS and FAB scale were administered. Then, we verified the cut-off score, sensitivity, specificity, and the area of under the curve. Results: In this study, the BBS and FAB scale did not predict fall risk in patients with stroke in the receiver operator characteristic curve analysis. A cut-off score of 37.5 points provided sensitivity of .47 and specificity of .35 on the BBS, and a cut-off score of 20.5 points provided sensitivity of .44 and specificity of .45 on the FAB scale. Conclusion: The BBS and FAB scale were not useful screening tools for predicting fall risk in patients with stroke in this study, but those who scored 37.5 or lower on the BBS and 20.5 or lower on the FAB scale had a high risk for falls.

• 대한기계학회논문집A
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• 제24권8호
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• pp.2123-2130
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• 2000

Radial immersion ratio is an important factor to determine the threshold in face milling and should be estimated in process for automatic force regulation. In this paper, presented is a method of on-line estimation of the radial immersion ratio using cutting force. When a tooth finishes sweeping, sudden drop of cutting forces occurs. This force drop is equal to the cutting force that acts on a single tooth at the swept angle of cut and can be obtained from cutting force signal in feed and cross-feed direction. The ratio of cutting forces in feed and cross-feed directions acting on the single tooth at the swept angle of cut is a function of the swept angle of cut and the ratio of radial to tangential cutting force. In the research, it is found that the ratio of radial to tangential cutting force is not affected by cutting conditions and axial rake angle. Therefore, the ratio of radial to tangential cutting force determined by just one preliminary experiment can be used regardless of the cutting conditions. Using the measured cutting force and predetermined ratio, the radial immersion ratio is estimated. Various experiments show that the radial immersion ratio and instantaneous ratio of the radial to tangential direction cutting force can be estimated very well by the proposed method.