• 한국전산구조공학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국전산구조공학회 2000년도 가을 학술발표회논문집
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• pp.349-354
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• 2000

The modal analysis based on deformations is the method to drived dynamic responsed from superposition of natural frequency and mode shape. In order to free vibration analysis of the structures, Aluminum-made model is used in experiment. The dynamic characteristic of the structures are determined from acceleration measurements using impulse hammer. Experimenrt input and output signal are derive from impact hammer and the one accerometer. This paper present three methods for calculating the natural frequencies and mode shapes of the structure with theory value and finite element analysis, experiment. The results were good approximated about natural frequency and mode shape.

• 한국콘크리트학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국콘크리트학회 2003년도 봄 학술발표회 논문집
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• pp.912-917
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• 2003

In this paper a new truss modeling technique for describing the beam shear resistance mechanism is proposed based on the reinterpretation of the well-known relationship between shear and the rate of change of bending moment in a reinforced concrete beam subjected to combined shear and moment loads. The core of the model is that a new perspective on the shear resistance can be gained by viewing the internal stress filed in terms of the superposition of two base components of shear resistance; arch action and beam action. The arch action can be described as a simple tied-arch which is consisted of a curved compression chord and a tension tie of the longitudinal steel, while the beam action between the two chords can be modeled as a membrane shearing element with forming a smeared truss action. The compatibility of deformation associated to the two action is taken into account by employing an experimental factor or internal state force factor a. Then the base equation of V=dM/dx is numerically duplicated. The new model was examined by the 362 experimental results. The shear strength predicted by the internal force state factor a show better correlation with the tested values than the present shear design.

• 한국시뮬레이션학회논문지
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• 제10권1호
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• pp.63-65
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• 2001

To investigate the natural frequencies of curved piping systems with various elbow angles conveying flow fluid, a simulation is performed considering Initial tension due to the inside fluid. The system is analyzed by finite element method utilizing straight beam element. Elbow part is meshed using 4 elements, and the initial tension is considered by inserting equivalent terms into the stiffness matrix. Without considering the initial tension, the system becomes unstable, that is, the fundamental natural frequency approaches to zero value fast, as the flow velocity reaches critical value. With the initial tension terms, the system becomes stable where there is no abrupt decrease of the fundamental natural frequency. The change rate of the natural frequency with respect to the flow velocity reduces. As elbow angle increases, the system becomes stiffer, then around 150 degrees of the elbow angle the natural frequency has the largest value, the value decreases after the angle of the largest natural frequency. When angle is between 170 degrees and 179 degrees, the natural frequency is very sensitive. This means that small change of angle results in great change of natural frequency, which is expected to be utilized in the control of the natural frequency of the piping system conveying flow fluid.

• Structural Engineering and Mechanics
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• 제59권3호
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• pp.503-526
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• 2016

In-plane and out-of-plane free vibration analysis of Timoshenko curved beams is addressed based on the isogeometric method, and an effective scheme to avoid numerical locking in both of the two patterns is proposed in this paper. The isogeometric computational model takes into account the effects of shear deformation, rotary inertia and axis extensibility of curved beams, and is applicable for uniform circular beams, and more complicated variable curvature and cross-section beams as illustrated by numerical examples. Meanwhile, it is shown that, the $C^{p-1}$-continuous NURBS elements remarkably have higher accuracy than the finite elements with the same number of degrees of freedom. Nevertheless, for in-plane or out-of-plane vibration analysis of Timoshenko curved beams, the NURBS-based isogeometric method also exhibits locking effect to some extent. To eliminate numerical locking, the selective reduced one-point integration and $\bar{B}$ projection element based on stiffness ratio is devised to achieve locking free analysis for in-plane and out-of-plane models, respectively. The suggested integral schemes for moderately slender models obtain accurate results in both dominated and non-dominated regions of locking effect. Moreover, this strategy is effective for beam structures with different slenderness. Finally, the influence factors of structural parameters of curved beams on their natural frequency are scrutinized.

• 대한토목학회논문집
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• 제11권2호
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• pp.1-14
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• 1991

평면내에서의 비틀림에 대한 강성도를 갖는 3절점 삼각형 shell요소를 사용하여 박판으로 이루어진 곡석 또는 직선부재의 선형 탄성좌굴 해석을 위한 컴퓨터 프로그램을 개발 하였다. 판의 좌굴 해석과 보의 횡 비틈 좌굴해석을 통하여 본 프로그램의 타당성을 입증하였고, 이를 순수 휨을 받는 양단의 단순지지된 원호 아치의 좌굴해석에 적용시켜 그 결과들을 다른 연구 결과들과 비교 검토하여 보았다.

• 한국음향학회지
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• 제21권8호
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• pp.744-756
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• 2002

현재 복부용 초음파 진단장치에 가장 일반적으로 사용되고 있는 3.5 ㎒의 굴곡형 선형배열 (curved linear array) 탐촉자가 인체 중에 만드는 과도음장을 체계적으로 해석함으로써, 음장의 측면에서 보다 우수한 초음파 영상이 기대되는 탐촉자의 설계 파라메터를 도출하고자 시도하였다. 음장해석에 있어서는 방사파형을 일정하게 가정한 상태에서 탐촉자 요소의 크기, 곡률 반경, 개구내 압전소자에 대한 구동신호의 진폭 가중치 적용 등의 파라메터를 음장 형성의 지배적인 요소로서 고려하였다. 시뮬레이션의 결과, 탐촉자의 곡률 반경 및 개구높이를 줄이고 해밍 (Hamming) 창 형태의 진폭 가중치 적용을 실시함으로써 기존의 전형적인 탐촉자보다 부엽 (side lobe)의 영향이 적은 우수한 초음파 빔을 형성하는 새로운 탐촉자의 설계 파라메터가 얻어졌다.

• Steel and Composite Structures
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• 제37권2호
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• pp.117-136
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• 2020

Curved steel-concrete composite box girder has been widely adopted in urban overpasses and ramp bridges. In order to investigate its mechanical behavior under complicated and combined bending, shear and torsion load, two large-curvature composite box girders with interior angles of 25° and 45° were tested under static hogging moment. Based on the strain and deflection measurement on critical cross-sections during the static loading test, the failure mode, cracking behavior, load-displacement relationship, and strain distribution in the steel plate and rebar were investigated in detail. The test result showed the large-curvature composite box girders exhibited notable shear lag in the concrete slab and steel girder. Also, the constraint torsion and distortion effect caused the stress measured at the inner side of the composite beam to be notably higher than that of the outer side. The strain distribution in the steel web was approximately linear; therefore, the assumption that the plane section remains plane was approximately validated based on strain measurement at steel web. Furthermore, the full-process non-linear elaborate finite element (FE) models of the two specimens were developed based on commercial FE software MSC.MARC. The modeling scheme and constitutive model were illustrated in detail. Based on the comparison between the FE model and test results, the FE model effectively simulated the failure mode, the load-displacement curve, and the strain development of longitudinal rebar and steel girder with sufficient accuracy. The comparison between the FE model and the test result validated the accuracy of the developed FE model.

• 한국항공우주학회지
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• 제41권8호
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• pp.665-672
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• 2013

적층된 복합재 구조물의 강도와 강성 저하를 발생시키는 중요원인 중의 하나는 복합재 층 사이에 발생하는 층간 분리이다. 적용되는 대부분의 복합재 구조물은 어느 정도 곡률을 가지고 있다. 만약 굽은 복합재 구조물이 굽힘 하중을 받게 되면 평평하게 되려는 현상 때문에 두께 방향의 수직응력이 발생하게 되며, 최대 응력이 발생되는 곳에서 층간 분리가 발생한다. 본 논문에서는 굽은 복합적층 보의 반경방향 응력을 결정하는 방법을 설명하고, 층간 분리 응력에 미치는 적층 순서의 영향을 검토하였다. 그리고 층간분리 응력의 크기와 위치를 이론적인 해와 유한요소 방법을 이용하여 해석하고 비교하였다.

• 한국강구조학회 논문집
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• 제18권6호
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• pp.727-735
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• 2006

본 논문에서는 선행논문(김 등, 2005)을 확장하여 다절점 케이블요소를 포함하는 보-기둥 요소의 기하학적 비선형성에 대해서 논의하기로 한다. 먼저 이를 위해서Hermitial 다항식을 형상함수로 채택하고 보-기둥요소의 2차 효과를 포함하는 접선강도행렬에 다절점 케이블-트러스 요소에 대한 접선강도 행렬을 추가하여 전체좌표계에 대한 접선강도행렬을 구성하고 하중증분법에 의한 유한요소 해석과정을 제시한다. 이렇게 새로이 개발된 다절점 케이블-트러스 요소를 포함하는 뼈대 구조물의 기하학적 비선형성과 그 타당성을 검증하기 위하여 IPS(Innovative Prestressed Support) 시스템의 기하학적 비선형 해석을 실시하고 이의 결과를 선형탄성해석의 결과와 비교한다.

• Structural Engineering and Mechanics
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• 제24권6호
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• pp.647-664
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• 2006

In this study, an improved finite element formulation with a scheme of solution for the large deflection analysis of inextensible prismatic and nonprismatic slender beams is developed. For this purpose, a three-noded Lagrangian beam-element with two dependent degrees of freedom per node (i.e., the vertical displacement, y, and the actual slope, $dy/ds=sin{\theta}$, where s is the curved coordinate along the deflected beam) is used to derive the element stiffness matrix. The element stiffness matrix in the global xy-coordinate system is achieved by means of coordinate transformation of a highly nonlinear ($6{\times}6$) element matrix in the local sy-coordinate. Because of bending with large curvature, highly nonlinear expressions are developed within the global stiffness matrix. To achieve the solution after specifying the proper loading and boundary conditions, an iterative quasi-linearization technique with successive corrections are employed considering these nonlinear expressions to remain constant during all iterations of the solution. In order to verify the validity and the accuracy of this study, the vertical and the horizontal displacements of prismatic and nonprismatic beams subjected to various cases of loading and boundary conditions are evaluated and compared with analytic solutions and numerical results by available references and the results by ADINA, and excellent agreements were achieved. The main advantage of the present technique is that the solution is directly obtained, i.e., non-incremental approach, using few iterations (3 to 6 iterations) and without the need to split the stiffness matrix into elastic and geometric matrices.