• 대한수학교육학회지:학교수학
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• 제13권3호
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• pp.485-500
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• 2011

수학 교사가 수업을 계획하고 계획한 수업을 실행할 때 교육과정 도서(교과서, 교사용지도서 등)를 어떻게 활용하는지에 대하여 시행된 연구가 많지 않은 실정이다. 이 논문은 미국의 초등 교사들이 초등 수학 교육과정의 프로그램 중의 하나인 Everyday Mathematics의 교육과정 도서를 어떻게 활용하는지, 또한 Everyday Mathematics가 가지는 교육과정 도서로써의 특징 요소들이 무엇인지 분석한다. 나아가 Stein & Kim(2009)의 연구에서 제안한 교육과정 도서를 규명하는 특징 요소들과 교사들의 교육과정 도서의 활용 간의 연관성을 추정한다. 수집된 자료는 미국 초등 교사의 수학수업 관찰노트와 관찰 전후에 실시한 인터뷰, 수업 시간에 사용한 모든 문서와 자료, 그리고 Everyday Mathematics의 교사용 지도서 등이다. 분석 결과, Everyday Mathematics는 높은 수준의 인지적 노력(cognitive demand)을 필요로 하는 수학과제들로 구성되어 있으며 (80 퍼센트), 교육과정 개발자들의 의도와 이유가 분명하게 드러나지는 않는 것으로 나타났다. 대부분의 교사들은 교사용 지도서를 참조하여 수업을 계획하고 실행하는데 있어서 지도서에서 제시한 문제나 활동을 변형하거나 부분적으로 선택하여 가르치는 것으로 나타났다. 이 과정에서 Everyday Mathematics 교육과정에서 제시한 인지적 노력 수준이 높은 수학 과제들의 27퍼센트만이 같은 수준에서 실행되는 것으로 나타났다. 교과서에서 실행 단계로 이동할 때 수학과제의 인지적 노력 수준이 감소하는 것은 교사용 지도서가 높은 인지적 노력수준의 수학 과제를 교사가 같은 수준에서 실행할 수 있도록 제대로 지원해 주지못하는 것에 기인하는 것으로 볼 수 있다.

• 한국수학교육학회지시리즈D:수학교육연구
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• 제22권3호
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• pp.223-243
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• 2019

Researchers have been attending to the potential of curriculum materials as resources for professional development. In order for a curriculum material to fulfil such purpose, curriculum authors should intentionally attend to educativeness of the material. A feature of educative material is that its voice speaks to teachers. In this study, I explore educativeness of Algebra teacher guides by attending to their voice. In particular, I focused on the use of pronouns, modality, and imperatives. Findings indicate that some teacher guides have more educative voice than the others and that the amount each guide talk to teachers were less than sufficient. Implications for future research and practice are discussed.

• 한국학교수학회논문집
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• 제14권1호
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• pp.31-42
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• 2011

수학교사가 수학교육 개선을 위해 NCTM가 제안한 Standards를 적용하여 개발된 교육과정을 수학 수업에서 어떻게 적용하는지 그리고 그 적용과정에서 교사의 조정이 학생들의 수 학 학습에 어떤 영향을 미치는지 살펴보고 분석하는 것이 이 연구의 목적이다. 이를 위하여 미국 초등교사 8명의 수업관찰 기록과 관찰된 수업에서 활용된 Everyday Mathematics의 교과서와 교사용 지도서 그리고 면담자료를 수집하고 분석하였다. 수업관찰 기록과 Everyday Mathematics의 교과서와 교사용 지도서는 활동과제 (task)별로 코딩하고 분석하였다. 또한 교육과정에 나타난 활동과제, 교사가 구성한 활동과제, 실제 수업에 적용된 활동 과제를 각각 분류하고 분석하였다. 그 결과 교사들의 구성과 적용에서 교육과정에서 제시한 수준과 다르게 나타난 활동과제를 찾을 수 있었다. 또한 이러한 활동과제들의 인지 처리수요 (cognitive demand) 수준이 감소되는 것으로 나타났다. 그러한 변화 혹은 조정은 수업 시간에 학생들의 수학학습에 영향을 주는 것으로 드러났다. 학생들은 수학의 개념을 개념적으로 혹은 의미 있게 사고하고 이해할 수 있는 경험을 하지 못하고 오히려 절차적으로 문제를 풀고 때로는 암기를 통해 문제를 해결하는 경험을 더 많이 하는 것으로 나타났다.

• 한국수학사학회지
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• 제30권2호
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• pp.101-119
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• 2017

This paper is a follow up study of [2]. In this paper we analyse the contents of middle school mathematics textbooks published in the 1st National Curriculum Period centered on the concept 'straight line' and discuss how they are different from contemporary mathematics textbooks in view of connectedness of contents, mathematical terms, textbook as a learning material vs. teaching material, relationship between contents of national curriculum and textbooks, and some topics related to direct proportion, function, method of equivalence as a method for solving simultaneous linear equations and so on. The results of our analysis and discussion suggest implications for reforming mathematics curriculum and developing mathematics textbooks.

• 한국초등과학교육학회지:초등과학교육
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• 제21권2호
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• pp.187-200
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• 2002

The purpose of this study is to examine how well students can acquire scientific knowledge from the process and activity presented in the textbook. This is achieved by analysing of comparison on the material area in the 6th and 7th national curriculums' 3rd and 4th grade science textbooks. The method of this study is to analyse the contents, teacher's instruction and illustrations of the textbooks in the material area in both 6th and 7th national curriculum's 3rd and 4th grade science textbooks. Following is the result of the study. First, compared to the 6th national curriculum's content. 7th national curriculum is composed by phenomenon and activity focused. This considers student's developmental stages and abilities of concentration so one topic in the textbook is divided into 16 small contents. Therefore the textbook content of the 7th curriculum seems to have desirable changes. Secondly, teacher's instruction in the textbook of the 7th curriculum has impartial distribution in part Ⅰ and part Ⅱ according to Homey's analysis. This shows that some problems of writing textbooks that were pointed in the 6th curriculum have been improved. Thirdly, the content of the textbook emphasizes inquiry process as the 6th curriculum did. The 7th curriculum, however, more deeply deals with expecting and inferring. Finally, the analysis of illustration shows that the proportion of motive induction is high. This is also desirable approach to give students more interests in studying science.

• 한국초등과학교육학회지:초등과학교육
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• 제27권3호
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• pp.287-295
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• 2008

Elementary students' behaviors classifying leaves have been analyzed according to the material types provided for the classification class. 199 sixth grade students were participated in the task classifying the leaves of various plants for the research. The three types of materials provided to them for the class were real leaves, photos of the leaves and explanation cards including the photos of leaves. One of the research findings was that the only material made students handle in the observed behaviors was the real leave of the material types given as classifying. Three were differences between groups in the time required and the number of using criteria for the class. The numbers of criteria had been applied to analyzing their behaviors as classifying the real leaves which were less than those with photo materials. The amount of taken time to classify the real leaves and photo materials were less than those of another material. Finally, the contents of criteria did not differ between groups except appearing properties presented to the task with photo and explanation materials. It is expected that the research can be contributed for elementary school teachers and for curriculum developers to choose appropriate instructional materials as constructing curriculum contents for elementary science to make elementary school students acquire classifying skill in science classes.

• 한국과학교육학회지
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• 제12권2호
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• pp.1-18
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• 1992

The curriculum especially in Korea plays a crucial role in developing instructional materials. It serves as a criterion for selecting and organizing content of teaching materials. Therefore, the validity of a curriculum can be justified through testing effectiveness of an instructional material developed in accordance with the curriculum. This paper presents an instructional method and material developed based on the current tendency of educational thoughts that emphasize STS and students - centered teaching strategies in science education. The instructional material was organized around the concept and its subconcept of "nutrition" as presented in the high school biology textbooks now in use in the nation as well as in a few world-wide countries. It was also organized by the use of biological events and phenomena which high school students in rural areas can easily encounter through their everyday lives. The significant findings in this study are : ${\circ}$ The achievement levels in experimental groups were higher than one in controlled groups. ${\circ}$ The students as well as the teachers involved in this study showed positive attitude toward the instructional method developed in the process of this study. ${\circ}$ The greater part of the students among the controlled groups hoped that biology would be taught by this kind of teaching procedure and materials.

• 대한지리학회지
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• 제38권4호
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• pp.640-656
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• 2003

본 연구는 최근 영국에서 시행되고 있는 국가교육과정 및 지리과 국가교육과정의 제정과정과 그 영향에 주목하였다. 먼저, 교사의 자율성을 존중하는 교육과정 정책을 시행해온 영국에서 교육개혁법(1988)을 통해 국가 교육과정이 제정된 배경을 살펴보고 당시 지리과목의 역할에 대한 교육 당국외 부정적인 견해에도 불구하고 1991년 국가교육과정에 지리과목이 10대 기초교과로 선정된 배경을 고찰하였다. 또한. 국가교육과정의 기본 골격을 설명하고 1991년 제정된 이래 1995년과 2000년 두 차례에 걸친 개정으로 지리과 교육과정이 개선되는 과정을 정리하였으며 국가교육과정이 법령에 의해 학교 급별로 동일하게 적용됨에 따라 학교수준의 교육과정 개발과 교재의 이용 및 지리과목의 지위 등의 측면에서 지리교육에 어떤 영향을 주었는지, 그리고 우리나라 지리교육에 주는 시사점은 무엇인지에 대해 고찰하였다.

• 건축역사연구
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• 제8권3호
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• pp.75-89
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• 1999

Under the WTO system, global standardization of professionalism in architecture practice calls for transformation of curriculum in architectural education in Korea. This paper compares the curriculum standards of international accrediting authorities such as NAAB and RIBA based on UIA accord which defines fundamental knowledge and abilities of an architect. As a result this paper extracts 51 achievement oriented criteria of architectural education in Korea. It can be categorized as communication, design, cultural context(history and theory, human behavior and social aspects), technical systems(structural systems, environmental control systems, construction material and assemblies) and practice(project process, project economics and business management, laws and regulations). Based on this recommended Korean curriculum standards, current curriculum is analyzed focusing on the 5 architectural programs in Seoul. Through this analysis, it became clear that some area - social and economic aspects in architecture, sustainability in architecture, understanding and selection of construction material, assemblies and environmental control system, recycling of existing building, professional liability, professional rules of conduct, project economics and project management - need to be covered and emphasized to meet the international standards in professional education in architecture. The result in this paper will be used as a basic data in the process of finding the direction of restructuring curriculum for professional architectural education in Korea.

• 한국전기전자재료학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국전기전자재료학회 2003년도 춘계학술대회 논문집 기술교육전문연구회
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• pp.119-122
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• 2003

The purpose of this study is to find problems of "Electricity equipmentand" and "Electricity practic II" tectbook applied in 6th Technical High School Curriculum and to make direction of "Power equipment II" textbook applied in 7th Technical High School Curriculum. The method of this study is questionnaire survey. 120 teachers of 40 schools were selected by cluster sampling method. The main findings of this study are as follow. 1) We should make the composition of textbook easy. 2)The illustration, photograph and drawing of textbook are fitted well. 3) "power equipment II" textbook applied in 7th Technical High School Curriculum would contented follows : lighting equipment, elevator equipment, broadcasting equipment, interphone equipment.