• 전자통신동향분석
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• 제36권4호
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• pp.118-134
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• 2021

In this study, we provide trends on alternative fuel vehicles promoted by postal agencies in 10 countries in North America, the EU, and Asia. It describes the specifications of most EV vehicles in operation, plans, and strategies to replace existing internal combustion engines with new vehicles in the future and provides the current status of alternative vehicle charging networks in each postal agency. This paper will help postal agencies, logistics companies, automobile companies, motorcycle companies, and even individuals who want to use vehicles with alternative fuels, such as electric vehicles, on strategies to establish and implement before introducing and operating the vehicles.

• 전자통신동향분석
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• 제36권4호
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• pp.72-80
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• 2021

Multimedia broadcast multicast services (MBMS) have evolved to accommodate broadcasting services in 3GPP standards. One long-standing approach is to comprise the multimedia broadcast multicast service single-frequency network based on the cellular networks of mobile operators, and another approach adds a broadcasting network to 3GPP standards. In this paper, we overview the MBMS architecture and key entities in MBMS services. In addition, the trends of MBMS are discussed in terms of technology and 3GPP standards, where MBMS functionality is described according to 3GPP releases. Finally, we discuss its capability through a comparison with ATSC 3.0, which is the latest terrestrial broadcasting standard, and then we present the current status and future perspectives of MBMS in 3GPP.

• 전자통신동향분석
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• 제36권3호
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• pp.41-52
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• 2021

Recently, LNOI photonics technology has attracted attention as a photonics platform capable of integrating ultra-high-speed, low power consumption, and high nonlinearity optical devices, as it is possible to manufacture LiNbO₃ optical waveguides with ultra-low optical loss and a radius of curvature of several tens of micrometers. Here, we will briefly compare various photonics platforms, such as Si, InP, SiN, and LNOI, describe the current research trends of LNOI photonics, and discuss the direction of photonics technology at the conclusion.

• 전자통신동향분석
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• 제37권2호
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• pp.21-29
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• 2022

Cosmic radiation environments having extremely high-energy particles and photons cause severe malfunctions of electrical components in space and terrestrial regions. In this study, we revisit basic knowledge on radiation effects in ICT electrical devices, such as single event effect, total ionizing dose, and displacement damage. To avoid such soft errors and system failures, we introduce essential technical approaches from the perspectives of materials, layouts, circuits, and systems, including current research trends. By considering several techniques and Space EEE part standards, we suggest possible directions that can invoke New Space Era technology.

• 반도체디스플레이기술학회지
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• 제21권4호
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• pp.151-155
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• 2022

In this paper, we analyze the current research technology trends through the literature reviews of technical outlines of electric vehicles and hydrogen fuel cell vehicles, domestic and overseas policy trends, etc. After analyzing the literature, we found out while the re-use and recycling of waste batteries and the in-wheel motor systems are essential areas for the development of electric vehicles and hydrogen fuel cell vehicles, the related research is not quite sufficient, so the direction for further research is proposed at the conclusion.

• 전자통신동향분석
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• 제36권6호
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• pp.78-87
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• 2021

Information technology (IT) has been applied to various fields, and currently, IT devices and systems are used in very important areas, such as aviation, industry, and national defense. Such devices and systems are subject to various types of malicious attacks, which can be software or hardware based. Compared to software-based attacks, hardware-based attacks are known to be much more difficult to detect. A hardware Trojan horse is a representative example of hardware-based attacks. A hardware Trojan horse attack inserts a circuit into an IC chip. The inserted circuit performs malicious actions, such as causing a system malfunction or leaking important information. This has increased the potential for attack in the current supply chain environment, which is jointly developed by various companies. In this paper, we discuss the future direction of research by introducing attack cases, the characteristics of hardware Trojan horses, and countermeasure trends.

• 전자통신동향분석
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• 제37권4호
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• pp.81-88
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• 2022

In this study, we investigate the trends and prospects of spatial light modulation (SLM) technology that enables full complex modulation as a next-generation SLM. Current SLM technology, which is used as a key element in holography, augmented reality (AR), XR, and realistic displays, has performance limits that modulate only amplitude or phase. Notably, SLM capable of full complex modulation does not produce diffraction noise, unlike DC and twin image, and thus has a high-efficiency performance. In the future, the application field of next-generation SLM, which can be full-complex modulated, is expected to cover a wide range of holography-AR and-XR devices, optical artificial intelligence, and 6G free space optics communications, which will greatly contribute to the development of a super-realistic metaverse platform and service.

• 전자통신동향분석
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• 제38권5호
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• pp.90-99
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• 2023

Recently, with the trend of information technology convergence and electrification, batteries are being widely used in fields such as industry, transportation, and specific applications. By 2030, the secondary battery market is expected to grow explosively by more than eight times compared with 2020 to $351.7 billion owing to the expanding adoption of electric vehicles. Depending on the electrochemical reactions in the electrode, a primary battery can only discharge through an irreversible reaction, while a secondary battery can be repeatedly charged and discharged using reversible reactions. According to the type of charge carrier ions, secondary batteries may be classified into those made of lithium, sodium, potassium, magnesium, and aluminum ions. We analyze the current status and technological issues of lithium-ion batteries, lithium-sulfur batteries, and solid-state batteries, which are representative examples of lithium secondary batteries. In addition, research trends in lithium secondary batteries are discussed.

• 전자통신동향분석
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• 제38권5호
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• pp.114-124
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• 2023

Recently, there have been the World Economic Forum's space economy guidelines, the International Telecommunication Union's regulations for each satellite orbit, the development of chips using satellite communication by global manufacturers and service providers, and the registration of key telecommunication businesses. Accordingly, trends in low-orbit 5G satellite communication services in Korea were investigated and analyzed, and the current situation in Korea was diagnosed. Korea's satellite communications accounts for 0.31% of all satellites when analyzed centering on countries with 20 or more satellites. Korea's communication satellite holdings are insufficient compared to 187 times that of the United States, 45 times that of Russia, and 18 times that of China. There is no link technology between 5G and LEO, and the cost of launch vehicles is high. In addition, it is judged that the ecosystem of equipment companies in the low-orbit 5G-NTN business model is insufficient.

• 전자통신동향분석
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• 제38권1호
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• pp.9-16
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• 2023

In the rapidly growing field of quantum computing, it is evident that a robust supply chain is needed for commercialization or large-scale production of quantum chips. As a result, the success of many R&D projects worldwide relies on the development of quantum chip foundries. In this paper, a variety of quantum chip foundries, particularly the ones creating photonic integrated circuit (PIC) quantum chips, are reviewed and summarized to demonstrate current technological trends. Global projects aiming to establish new foundries, as well as information regarding their respective funding, are also included to identify the evolutionary direction of quantum computing infrastructure. Furthermore, the potential application of lithium niobate as a novel material platform for quantum chips is also discussed.