• 전기학회논문지P
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• 제57권3호
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• pp.323-327
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• 2008

We investigated the quench characteristics of a flux-lock type superconducting fault current limiter (SFCL) depending on the methods of the serial and parallel connections between the superconducting elements. The flux-lock type SFCL consists of two coils. The primary coil is wound in parallel to the secondary coil through an iron core, and the secondary coil is connected to the superconducting elements in series and parallel. In this paper, the analyses of voltage, current, and resistance of the superconducting elements connected in serial and parallel were performed to increase the power capacity of the flux-lock type SFCL. A part of the superconducting elements was not quenched in $2{\times}2$ serial connection between the elements and then the power burden of the quenched elements was increased. However the elements with $2{\times}2$ parallel connection was all quenched. This means that the power burden of each superconducting element can be reduced under the same conditions. We found that $2{\times}2$ parallel connection was more profitable for the current limiting effects and the increase of the power capacity.

• 대한전기학회:학술대회논문집
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• 대한전기학회 2008년도 제39회 하계학술대회
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• pp.396-397
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• 2008

In order to evaluate the nominal rating of breakers in distribution system due to the increased capacity of power transformer from 60 to 100 MVA, the fault currents are calculated in the condition of 3-phase fault and single line-to-ground fault. Consequently, under the condition of the parallel operation of transformers the fault currents were exceed the nominal rating current of breakers in some areas.

• 대한전기학회:학술대회논문집
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• 대한전기학회 1999년도 추계학술대회 논문집 학회본부 A
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• pp.328-330
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• 1999

This paper was studied on a recent trends for the standard of calculating the cable current-carrying capacity.

• 대한전기학회논문지
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• 제39권9호
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• pp.903-911
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• 1990

When load areas on a feeder are deenergized due to faults and scheduled outage, operators need to identify neighboring feeders, try to restore customers and minimize out-of-service areas. These cases include knowledge of system states and various constraints such as voltage drop. This paper concerns the load transfer in fault restoration and scheduled outage. Also, the operating constraints such as line current capacity, relay trip current, transformer capacity, voltage drop and line loss are considered. This expert system can propose the optimal load transfer method by analyzing the system state and considering the constraints.

• 한국초전도ㆍ저온공학회논문지
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• 제22권1호
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• pp.7-11
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• 2020

As demand for electricity in urban areas increases, it is necessary to improve electric power stability by interconnecting neighboring substations and high temperature superconductor (HTS) power cables are considered as a promising option due to its large power capacity. However, the interconnection of substations reduces grid impedance and expected fault current is over 45 kA, which exceeds the capacity of a circuit breaker in Korean grid. To reduce the fault current below 45 kA, a HTS power cable having a fault current limiting (FCL) function is considered by as a feasible solution for the interconnection of substations. In this study, a FCL HTS power cable of 600 MVA/154 kV, transmission level class, is considered to reduce the fault current from 63 kA to less than 45 kA by generating an impedance over 1 Ωwhen the fault current is induced. For the thermal design of FCL HTS power cable, a parametric study is conducted to meet a required temperature limit and impedance by modifying the cable core from usual HTS power cables which are designed to bypass the fault current through cable former. The analysis results give a minimum cable length and an area of stainless steel former to suppress the temperature of cable below a design limit.

• 한국전기전자재료학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국전기전자재료학회 2004년도 하계학술대회 논문집 Vol.5 No.1
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• pp.523-526
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• 2004

According to the continuous demand for power and the growth of electric power utilities, the electric power transmission capacity was increased. The increase of the electric power transmission capacity results in an increase of the fault current level a fault happened. So the superconducting fault current limiter(SFCL) has been reached as the countermeasure for the reduction of the fault current. In this paper, we investigate the fault currents characteristics of resistive type SFCL according to fault angles when AC power source applied. As the fault angles increase, the first peak value of fault current decreased lower. On the other hand, the power burden of SFCL increased.

• 유통과학연구
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• 제13권10호
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• pp.73-82
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• 2015

Purpose - This paper aims to investigate whether information asymmetry could explain capital structures in Korean corporations. According to Myers (1984), firms prefer internal funding to external financing due to the costs associated with information asymmetry. When external financing is necessary, firms prefer to issue debt rather than equity by the same reasoning. Since Shyam-Sunder and Myers (1999), numerous studies continue to debate the validity of the theory. In this paper, we show how the theory depends on assumptions and incorporated variables. We hope our investigation can provide helpful implications regarding capital structure, information asymmetry, and other firm characteristics. Specifically, our empirical results are complementary to the analysis of Son and Lee's (2015), a recent study that examines the pecking order theory prediction for Korean retail firms. Research design, data, and methodology - We test empirical models that are some variants of model used in Shyam-Sunder and Myers (1999). The financial and accounting data are provided by WISEfn for the firms listed on the KOSPI during 1990 to 2013. Bond ratings are supplied by the Korea Investor Service (KIS). We take into account the heterogeneity in debt capacity; a firm's debt capacity is measured by using the method of Lemmon and Zender (2010) based on its bond ratings. Finally, we estimate empirical models suggested by Shyam-Sunder and Myers (1999), Frank and Goyal (2003), and Lemmon and Zender (2010). Results - First, we find that Shyam-Sunder and Myers' (1999) prediction fails to explain total debt changes of Korean firms. Second, we find a non-monotonic relationship between total debt changes and financial deficits with respect to debt capacity. This contradicts the prediction of Lemmon and Zender (2010) that argues the pecking order theory survives with a monotonically increasing relationship. Third, we estimate a negative correlation coefficient between financial deficit and current debt changes. The result is the complete opposite of the prediction of Lemmon and Zender (2010). Finally, we also confirm the non-monotonic relationship between non-current debt changes and financial deficits with respect to debt capacity. Yet, the slope of coefficient is smaller than that of total debt change case. Indeed, the results are, to some extent, consistent with the prediction of pecking order theory, if we exclude the mid-debt capacity firms. Conclusions - Our empirical results complementary to the analysis of Son and Lee (2015), a recent study focusing on capital structure in Korean retail firms; their paper suggests interesting topics regarding capital structure, information asymmetry, and other firm characteristics in Korean corporations. Contrary to Son and Lee (2015), our results show that total debt changes and current debt changes are inconsistent with the prediction of Shyam-Sunder and Myers (1999). However, similar to Son and Lee (2015), non-current debt changes are consistent with the pecking order prediction, in the case of excluding the mid-level debt capacity firms. This contrast allows us to infer that industry characteristics significantly affect the validity of the pecking order prediction. Further studies are needed to analyze the economics behind this phenomenon, which is beyond the scope of our paper. In addition, the estimation bias potentially matters regarding the firm-level debt capacity calculation. We also reserve this topic for future research.

• Journal of Electrical Engineering and Technology
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• 제13권2호
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• pp.733-741
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• 2018

Capacity estimation is indispensable to ensure the safety and reliability of lithium-ion batteries in electric vehicles (EVs). Therefore it's quite necessary to develop an effective on-board capacity estimation technique. Based on experiment, it's found constant current charge time (CCCT) and the capacity have a strong linear correlation when the capacity is more than 80% of its rated value, during which the battery is considered healthy. Thus this paper employs CCCT as the health indicator for on-board capacity estimation by means of relevance vector machine (RVM). As the ambient temperature (AT) dramatically influences the capacity fading, it is added to RVM input to improve the estimation accuracy. The estimations are compared with that via back-propagation neural network (BPNN). The experiments demonstrate that CCCT with AT is highly qualified for on-board capacity estimation of lithium-ion batteries via RVM as the results are more precise and reliable than that calculated by BPNN.

• 전력전자학회:학술대회논문집
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• 전력전자학회 1998년도 Proceedings ICPE 98 1998 International Conference on Power Electronics
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• pp.802-807
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• 1998

The main drawback of parallel type active power filters (APF) is the large capacity required for harmonic compensation. This paper evaluates the APF capacity requirement of harmonic/reactive power compensation for thyristor converter load. Theoretically achievable maximum power factor under partial load is evaluated. And it is shown that the APF capacity can be considerably reduced while slightly sacrificing the filtering performance by deliberately limiting the peak current of the APF.

• Industrial Engineering and Management Systems
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• 제14권2호
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• pp.122-128
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• 2015

The purpose of this paper is to propose an appropriate evaluation scheme for improvement activities, based on a simple model comprising cash inflow by sales as well as variable and fixed cost expenditures. The paper distinguishes capacity surplus and capacity shortage situations, and examines economic benefits gained by yield increase improvement and capacity increase. The paper then proposes a basic rule of thumb for economic evaluation of improvement activities. The logic is simple but useful in practice, being conducive towards improvement activities under current economic conditions with uncertainties.