• The Journal of the Korea Contents Association
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• v.11 no.7
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• pp.458-466
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• 2011

JeJu Island is famous for beautiful scenery but relatively little attention was paid to social cultural attractions. My aim is to provide an alternative attraction for JeJu destination. Two main goals of this paper are to apply to the Pine and Gilmore Experience Economy Theory framework on performance arts experiences and identify causal relations among experience factor, experience satisfaction and performance loyalty. To accomplish the study object, theoretical review and empirical analysis were jointly carried out. Using samples of 280 participations in nonverbal comic performance 'Nanta' who were required to rate performance experiences, experiences satisfaction, and performance loyalty. Results of SEM(Structured Equation Model) was showed that only Entertainment factor of 4 experiences factors(aesthetics, entertainment, education, escapist) affected experiences satisfaction. While experiences satisfaction affected performance loyalty. These results support the concept of experiential Economy framework suggested by Pine and Gilmore on culture-arts products consumption.

• The Journal of Art Theory & Practice
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• no.1
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• pp.93-108
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• 2003

The aim of this thesis is to evaluate visual arts policy during Kookmin government period(1998-2002). In the beginning, many artists had expected president Kim Dae Jung to enlarge arts support But the evaluation of them was very negative because the government was only interested in the development of cultural industry. First, I analysed the government expenditure in the visual arts. Department of Culture and Tourism took the responsibility of visual arts policy. The budget of arts and culture increased to 1 % of total government expenditure in this period. But the main factor was the increasement of cultural industry and tourism expenditure. The budget of visual arts in 2002 was only 6,600million won. Second, I analysed visual arts support programs. (1) The government introduced studio programs for the first time. For 5 years, 2 national studios and 23 public studios were established. (2) The number of art museum was increased to 62. (3) It introduced alternative space support program and supported 200million won annually. (4) Percent for art scheme reduced from 1% to 0.7% of total construction cost, but still 27 public sculpture gardens were built. (5) Business support for visual arts reduced because of IMF. (6) Also arts market froze and many commercial galleries were closed. (7) In order to revitalize region through arts and to promote international exchange of culture, Gwangju Biennale was created. Third, I analysed Arts Plan 2002. It had a radical limitation because it was established in the last year of Kookmin government period. Also it showed special favors to some arts organizations. In general, I think that positive outcomes are the introductions of the studio program and the alternative space support program. Especially alternative space support program enforced the diversity of visual arts, and encouraged creative young artists. But policy of arts market failed because of IMF and visual artists had to go through rough times.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Clothing and Textiles
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• v.20 no.4
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• pp.573-585
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• 1996

This study of counter-culture - the cultural background of the Jean Fashion of which express the consciousness and youthfulness of young - shows the various social, cultural developments and the direction of growth for the Jean industry Until now, the fashion trends flowed from the elite, upper-class minority to the general public : however, in the case of the Jean Fashion, it has spread inversely to the upper-class from the young people who have adopted the life-styles of the lower, middle class, working people. With the emphasis on Jean Fashion's establishment through and within a counter- culture influences, the first chapter explores the counter-culture's background theory and how fashion has metamorphisized within the counter-culture. The second chapter explores the image of the jeans within the society of the youth and the general public. Finally in the fourth chapter, this study divides the images of Jean Fashion within the youth and the general population into classifications of Feminism, Eroticism, Dismantlementation. Thus, 1 came to the conclusion that the above stated theories have had great influence on the Jean Fashion Industry. The conclusion of this study are as follows: 1 Jeans are the representative article of clothing of unisex appeal which is the core characteristic of Feminism. Feminism, which surfaced coincidentally with the emergence of jeans in the 1850s, took charge of expressing the freedoms and the wills of women. 2. Jeans, being the representative article of Eroticism, have firmly entrenched its image in the young people's wardrobe through mass media such as movies, $\mu$ic, and commercials. 3. In the 90s the tendencies of Defacement and Dismantlementation of Jeans developed. In the Dismantlement tendencies of colors, the color blue foretells of the century's coming to an end, and blue also expresses the superiority of spirit and intelligence which transcends materialism.

• Journal of the Korea Academia-Industrial cooperation Society
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• v.15 no.6
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• pp.3557-3563
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• 2014

Korean National Level Kindergarten Curriculum does not include English education in regular class time. On the other hand, more than 90% kindergarteners are taught English. This study examined the Native English Teachers' (NETs') cultural aspects of their teaching at regular kindergartens in Korea. Data was collected through in-depth interviews with four NETs who were working at regular kindergartens in Korea, their partner Local English Teachers (LETs) and kindergarten principals. All interview data was transcribed and categorized based on the grounded theory method. The results showed that NETs are not required to be culturally prepared to teach in Korean kindergartens. Consequently, most of them do not consider the students' culture in their teaching activities. Moreover, Korean kindergartens, where research participants work, are not prepared well to invite NETs into their regular curriculum. These results will have significant implications on Korean kindergarten's English education practice.

• The Korean Nurse
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• v.34 no.3
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• pp.69-84
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• 1995

The purpose of this study was to identify caregivers of the elderly, the pattern of the caregivers' caring behaviors, and the cultural principles of patterns of caring behaviors practiced in a Korean minority community, Yanbian. To clarify these, an ethnographic approach was used. The fieldwork for this study was conducted from Aug. 24, 1993 to May 20, 1994. The informants were 16 natives, age 60 or more, who were members of a large family of three generations. The results of the study are as follows. The caregivers for the elderly were family, kinship and community groups. Family caregivers for the elderly were spouses, sons, daughters-in-law, grandchildren, sons of former wives, sons of former husbands, adopted sons. daughters and sons-in-law. The elderly had caregivers who were part of the kinship group. Three community groups provided care for the elderly. The three community groups were Dokbozo. a formal large organization for the elderly. the same age group as an informal small meeting for the elderly, and other community younger groups. The findings of this study indicated that family caregivers, especially spouses and sons, are the significant others of the elderly, and comminuty groups are better caring groups than kinship relatives. This study identified forty-three different kind of caring behaviors. They were divided into fifteen behavior patterns. These patterns integrated into five categories : soo-bal(¼?¹ß), protecting, respect, support, jung(?×). For physical comfort, soo-bal and protecting were conducted. For the comfort of mind, respect. support, and jung were conducted. The comfort of mind are better than physical comfort for the elderly. Cultural principles of caring behaviors were group membership, reciprocity, and harmony. But there was no hierarchy priciple. And these three principles provide best caring together at the same time. This study provides significant data for nursing research, theory and practice.

• Journal of Korean Academy of Nursing
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• v.26 no.1
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• pp.5-14
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• 1996

The purpose of this study is to find the Korean women's view to pregnancy within the Korean cultural context, to help nurses understand psychosocioemotional schema of the pregnant women, and to contribute to theory-building on the meaning of pregnancy. The interviewees were 21 women in their twenties or thirties and they were selected by theoretical sampling technique. Thirteen women of the interviewees were single and others married. Data were collected by in-depth interviews from September November in 1994. Interviews were tape-recorded and transcribed. Data were analyzed by Van Kaam's phenomenological method. Results were as follows. Eighty two descriptive expression were found and they were grouped under fourteen common factors. These are 「to maintain family」, 「instinct」, 「obligation」, 「what one should do」, 「to make home」, 「to tie couple firmly」, 「means to overcome a period of lassitude」, 「token of love」, 「hope」, 「to avoid loneliness」, 「wanted to have a baby」, 「to provide for old ages」, 「to be a mother」, 「to achieve her desire through baby」. Finally, fourteen common factors were grouped under four higher categories. Five common factors, 「to maintain family」, 「instinct」, 「obligation」, 「what one should do」, 「to make home」 were grouped under〈custom〉. Three factors, 「to tie couple firmly」, 「means to overcome a period of lassitude」, 「token of love」 were grouped under 〈love between couple〉. Four factors, 「hope」, 「to avoid loneliness」, 「wanted to have a baby」, 「to provide for old ages」 were grouped under 〈pursuiting safety〉. Two factors, 「to be a mother」, 「to achieve her desire through baby」 were grouped under 〈self-fulfillment〉. At present, the most distinguishing motivation of childbearing was rooted in the cultural custom. Korean women thought that it was their duties to have children and children were necessary in life. But they were beginning to recognize that baby could tie couple more firmly and get rid of their loneliness. Korean women no longer considered their children as the one who would take care of them when they were old or who would satisfy their unmet needs. As pregnancy is not women's duty only, authors recommend further studies on men's view to pregnancy.

• Korean journal of communication and information
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• v.39
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• pp.506-543
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• 2007

The purpose of this study is to explore the relationship between national reputation, culture and communication based on the intercultural communication theory. The 18 foreign residents in Korea were interviewed. The analysis of in-depth interview reveals that culture and communication are very important factors in establishing the national reputation. The qualitative research showcases that the cultural acculturation types(separation, integration, and assimilation) are grouped as foreigners adapt and acculturate to the residence. Especially, the assimilation is very essential type in having the in-group expectancy and the loyalty to Korea. The results reveal that a higher level of heterogeneity of a personal network('Korean in-group network') is associated with a higher level of reputation and loyalty to Korea. This suggests that having outgroup members in individuals' personal networks facilitates outgroup communication competence and loyalty to Korea.

• Journal of the Economic Geographical Society of Korea
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• v.11 no.1
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• pp.8-23
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• 2008

This paper aims to introduce paradigm shifts in the development of economic geography and to explore theoretical background and themes of the New Economic Geography discussed recently. Since the 1990s the New Economic Geography has been discussed actively in the field of economics with including the concept of space to the economic theory. The New Economic Geography has also been actively discussed in the field of economic geography with exploring new methodology and theoretical framework based on institutional and evolutionary approaches following a broad trend of "cultural turn". Diverse themes such as innovation, environment, services, feminist, labor market, etc. has been studied along the perspectives of the New Economic Geography in the field of economic geography. It is expected that new theories and methodologies for understanding and analyzing new economic spaces can be established through active interactions between economic geographers and other social scientists such as regional science, economics, sociology, etc.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Costume
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• v.59 no.1
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• pp.60-76
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• 2009

The purpose of this study is to present the viewpoint on the 'clothes' as a part of art works which has the kunstwollen(artistic will) and the philosophy of a creator rather than just an outfit. For the literary research, this study investigates the history of Iconology and the E. Panofsky's theory. In order to make up for the limitation of Panofsky's iconology, applies the theories of H. Gombrich and N. Goodman. For the case research, Vivienne Westwood is selected because her fashion works have been mentioned as the artistic pieces by many fashion critics or the presses. Also Westwood has different social and cultural contexts which based on the periodic background, social influences and cultural actualities. The conclusions of this study are as follows. First, in order to read the symbolic meaning, the kunstwollen and the aesthetic consciousness of the fashion designer's works properly, the systematized interpretation method is necessary. Second, the creative works of Vivienne Westwood have been influenced by the various external elements. Especially her national background and identity are the main elements which have governed her creation. Third, Vivienne Westwood creates her works not just to wear but to incorporate the ideology and the philosophy of herself. She expresses the kunstwollen and the aesthetic consciousness through her works. Forth, Vivienne Westwood pursues the communication between the human being and the world. Fifth, fashion makes various attempts to combine with different artistic fields. The 21st century fashion has developed to new direction with diverse trials and combinations. Fashion is not just making clothes, but accepting and delivering the history and culture, expressing and communicating empathy, and combining the different fields harmoniously.

• Fashion & Textile Research Journal
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• v.18 no.4
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• pp.424-437
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• 2016

The study will analyze the costumes of the Scythians tribes who lived in the region of Altai in the 3-5 century BC. The purpose of this study is to prepare new material to re-examine the theory, which claims that the origin of the circular motives of korean costumes are to be found in the typology of the Scythian costumes. In this study, we analyzed the most recent reports of archaeological excavation about the unearthed clothes in the Pazyryk region and compared its information with european literature. The conclusion of this study is as follows: The jackets of the Pazyryk region are classified in two types, (1) opened jacket with narrow sleeve and (2) enclosed jacket with narrow sleeve. Trousers were separated by (1) narrow and (2) extreme wide trousers. The enclosed jacket of tunic form and extreme wide trousers are newly excavated. It proves, there was a vivid exchange between the Scythians and their neighboring cultures. It can be noted, that there existed a diverse Scythian culture of costumes, besides the commonly known clothing culture of the "Pazyryk-rider". Based upon the results of the previous research, it can be said that the opened jacket with narrow sleeve and narrow trousers are costume typologies which are common for all Scythian tribes of the whole Eurasian region. The hem of the edge of jacket is proven to be a connective element, which is common to all Scythian tribes.