• Korean Journal of Heritage: History & Science
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• v.46 no.2
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• pp.96-113
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• 2013

The concept of disaster management of cultural heritage is not clearly established and the range and type of it is not organized yet. Also, there is an ever-present danger in the field control because there is no system that can provide safety of cultural heritage from various dangerous factors. Concretely, institutionally, the regulation of disaster management of cultural heritage remains limited and there are not enough reasonableness in installation and management of fire-fighting equipment and safety equipment. Also, we need to take an action to secure the safety of cultural heritage from its surroundings. In this research, we setup the concept, type and criteria for disaster management of cultural heritage to overcome limitations and problems of management of cultural heritage. In addition, in order to raise the level of disaster management of cultural heritage, this research proposes direction to reinforce the disaster management of cultural heritage by investigating and analyzing consciousness of security guards and fire-fighting officers.

• Fire Science and Engineering
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• v.30 no.5
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• pp.46-53
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• 2016

Wooden cultural heritage is vulnerable to fire, flooding and other hazards. Therefore, an effective disaster prevention and mitigation strategy for them should include preventive measures in a full range of management. These were used to construct a disaster safety system for 508 wooden cultural heritage items by the Cultural Heritage Administration. According to the type of ownership and administration, national and public heritage is controlled by personal management or commissional management. Among them, it is arranged with the safety security institute for important cultural properties. In addition, they have problems of field management with no computerization about the management information for a disaster facility system. Therefore, this study aimed to develop a DB platform that can share information with many users who need to manage cultural heritage. Through a field survey, it is feasible to develop a disaster facility system to provide the information, such as the main data, quantity and location.

• Journal of the Society of Disaster Information
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• v.15 no.3
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• pp.358-366
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• 2019

Purpose: This paper aims to clarify the problems and to examine the improvement methods by investigating the management condition of local-designated cultural property of which management is relatively poor in comparison with state-designated cultural heritage. Method: In order to grasp the management situation of the local-designated cultural heritage, a research on cultural heritage management situation and problems will be carried out with 35 cultual heritages in Goryeong-gun. Also, the improvement methods about the property type vulnerability on the basis of interview with cultual property managers, fire-fighting officers and civil servants, etc. Results: Local cultural heritages were investigated to be very vulnerable to the fire of wooden buildings, the theft of movable cultural heritages, and the effects of wind and water damage. It is because cultural heritages are scattered over wide areas fundamentally. As the result, it has difficulty in the patrols of police officers and fire fighters, and in the situation that it lacks disaster monitoring and CCTV for countermeasures to replace them, electronic security including fire hydrant, sensors, etc and fire extinguishing facilities and so on. It is difficult for local governments managing local-designated cultural heritages to enhance their management systems directly due to their lack of budget and manpower. Conclusion: In order to strengthen disaster and safety management system for the cultural heritages designated by local governments, they have to clarify disaster countermeasure task of fire fighting, police, and cultural heritage managers prepare their manuals, and systematize them through disaster drill mainly in local autonomous governments. Also, so as to establish a surveillance system every day, they have to enhance the community for local cultural heritage manage consisting of local volunteer fire departments, local voluntary disaster prevention organizations, volunteers, etc.

• The Journal of the Korea Contents Association
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• v.8 no.10
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• pp.189-197
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• 2008

The present study purposed to assert the necessity of cultural property disaster control through analyzing the fire of the Sungnyemun and to suggest directions for the development of cultural property disaster control in the future. For these purposes, we reviewed literature such as research papers and books on cultural property disaster control, and presented problems in current cultural property disaster control and solutions for the problems through case study of the fire of the Sungnyemun. In a word, the fire of the Sungnyemun is a representative case showing difficulty in disaster prevention activities for wooden cultural properties. Accordingly, we need to recognize the necessity of cultural property disaster control and to prepare measures. For this, first, it is essential to reinforce preventive systems against cultural property disasters. Second, early actions should be taken in consideration of the characteristics of each cultural property. Third, for cultural property disaster control, it is important to maintain cooperative relations among the Cultural Properties Administration, National Emergency Management Agency, and relevant local self.governing bodies. Lastly, standards for cultural property fire protection systems should be tightened by improving related laws, and institutional bases should be intensified through preparing grounds for aggravated punishment for crimes against cultural properties such as arsons.

• Proceedings of the Korean Society of Surveying, Geodesy, Photogrammetry, and Cartography Conference
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• 2004.04a
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• pp.389-394
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• 2004

Structure-typed cultural heritage, objects of preservation are positioned as one of the very important heritage in the nation, and the preservation of prototypical structures become influential in national development and against natural disaster. For this reason, Digital Close Range Photogrammetry has recently been diversely used. Despite its popular use, the measurement has limits that make it unsuitable for photographing precise cultural heritage situated at high mountainous terrain or where people can not approach easily. These high gigantic stone statues are among the preserved structure-typed cultural heritage. In order to supplement the limits, when using the measurement, a camera tripod with +30m, a ladder truck and a shore should be equipped, which means additional equipment leads to it being a waste of cost and time. In this vein, a device was developed in detail, using a RC Helicopter installed with a CCD video camera with ease of control, safety, equipment, carrying, movement and approach, then checked image shot by a wireless modem at real time and considered the economical efficiency without re-photographing. Next, the author digitized the images of the nationally designated structure-typed cultural heritage, used materials on their restoration as the third dimension in order to construct the integrated management-information system for cultural heritage. Through the above processes, this study can provide specific information on 3D images and 3D CAD sections of structured-typed cultural heritage for both the public and specialists on the web. Moreover, it suggests the foundation to restore the damaged cultural heritage in the future by aiming for their effective management and preservation.

• Korean Journal of Heritage: History & Science
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• v.55 no.3
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• pp.60-72
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• 2022

A number of wooden built heritage remain in Korea, and most have been damaged by various biological factors including termite. Owing to the irreversible damage caused by termites, wooden built heritage are losing their authenticity and structural stability. In this study, Area-Wide Integrated Termite Management(AW-ITM) was proposed to prevent termite damage. First, to understand the locational characteristics of these sites, the distance from adjacent forests and surrounding forest areas was analyzed for 182 national designated wooden built heritage(national treasures, treasures) using the Geographic Information System(GIS). By analyzing existing pest control projects(2003-2020) and the components of the ITM, the characteristics of termite control for cultural heritages were determined. Based on these results, the cultural heritage sites and their surrounding spaces were divided into three areas, and the types of cultural properties were divided into six types according to the location and number of buildings. Along with this, termite control measures were proposed for each area and type. The concept of AW-ITM has been partially applied to the "Comprehensive Control of Termites in wooden built heritages Sites" by the Cultural Heritage Administration. Caution must be taken with regard to the establishment of a cultural heritage management policy; AW-ITM should be applied on a trial basis with the results then being carefully analyzed and reflected in the establishment of policies pertaining to the conservation management of cultural heritage.

• Information Systems Review
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• v.12 no.2
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• pp.89-104
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• 2010

Recently, ubiquitous sensor network (USN) has been applied to many areas including environment monitoring. A few studies applied the USN to disaster prevention and emergency management, in particular, aiming to conserve cultural heritage. USN is an useful technology to do online real-time monitoring for the purpose of early detection of the fire which is a critical cause of damage and destruction of cultural heritages. It is necessary to online monitor the cultural heritages that human has a difficulty to access or their external appearance and beauty are important, by using the USN. However, there exists false warning from USN-based monitoring systems without human intervention. In this paper, we presented an alternative to resolve the problem by applying ontology. Our intelligent fire early detection systems for conserving cultural heritages are based on ontology and inference rules, and tested under laboratory environments.

• Journal of Conservation Science
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• v.33 no.4
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• pp.267-274
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• 2017

The Silleuksa temple in Yeoju city is adjacent to the South Han River and often has high humidity and fog days. In addition, its proximity to forests renders it prone to damage by insects and microorganisms. In order to obtain the basic data necessary for the establishment of a cultural property preservation management plan, the biological distribution of the wooden buildings and the termite distribution in the surrounding forests were monitored for three years. The wood-boring bee, an insect known to inflict damage to heritage structures, was confirmed, and the distribution of insects varied annually and seasonally, presumably due to the location characteristics of the site and the climate change during the year. In the forest behind, termite colonies were identified as a whole and their distribution pattern was different every year. As per the results of the microorganism survey, the species distribution and pollution degree were different at the entrance of the building. Therefore, it needs continuous biological distribution and conservation environment monitoring to mitigate the effects of wood-damaging organisms.were different according to the entrance of the building.

• Proceedings of Korean Society of Archives and Records Management
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• 2019.05a
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• pp.3-9
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• 2019

This presentation reviews international cases for earthquakes preparedness in Korean archives. Therefore, this presentation examines how the disaster plan of archives can be applied in earthquake preparedness and pays attention to four cases that could be used to prepare for earthquakes. Four cases are: protection of stacks in Japan, cooperative activities in Germany, unexpected disaster situations and business continuity plan in New Zealand, and risk assessment, cooperative activities, training in cultural heritage sector. If archives review real cases based on fundamental understanding of disaster plan, earthquakes preparedness plan could be established.

• Korean Journal of Heritage: History & Science
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• v.55 no.2
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• pp.102-111
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• 2022

Termites are a group of social insects that are one of the primary causes of damage to wooden architectural heritage. Since termite damage impairs the authenticity and structural stability of cultural heritage, it is imperative to prevent it. This study examines the extent of termite damage to wooden architectural heritage as part of efforts to prevent termite damage to nationally designated wooden architectural heritage sites across the country. The extent of termite damage to each cultural heritage was assessed qualitatively and quantitatively and comparatively analyzed by region using the results of the "Investigation on Biological Damage to Wooden Architectural Heritages" conducted by the National Research Institute of Cultural Heritage from 2016 to 2019. It involved 362 nationally designated wooden architectural heritages(25 national treasures, 157 treasures, 180 national folklore cultural heritages) and 1,104 buildings. The results were as follows: termite detection dogs reacted at 317(87.6%) of the 362 wooden heritages, with visible termite damage observed in 185 cases(51.1%). Furthermore, termite damage was confirmed using one of two methods(detection dogs or visual inspection) in 324 cases(89.5%). Of the 1,104 buildings, termite detection dogs reacted at 668(60.5%), while 339(30.7%) showed visible termite damage. Employing one of the two methods, damage was confirmed in 702 buildings(63.6%). The country was categorized into nine regions(Seoul Metropolitan Area, Gangwon, Chungbuk, Chungnam, Jeonbuk, Jeonnam, Gyeongbuk, Gyeongnam, and Jeju) to examine the termite damage rate and the degree of damage to each cultural heritage according to location. Termite detection dogs reacted to more than 70% of the cultural heritage in all regions. Visible damage was minimal in the Seoul metropolitan area(32.1%) and Gangwon(21.4%) but severe in Chungnam(65.6%), Jeonnam(67.3%), and Gyeongnam(68.2%). By quantifying the degree of termite damage of each cultural heritage as a ratio of the absence of termite damage among the total absence, the average termite damage of the cultural heritage across the country was 9.2%. Regional variance analysis showed that the cultural heritage in Jeonbuk and Jeonnam showed a statistically significantly higher degree of termite damage than the cultural heritage in the Seoul metropolitan area, Chungbuk, and Gyeongbuk. This paper comprehensively analyzed termite damage to nationally designated wooden architectural heritage. The findings are expected to be valuable in establishing policies for the preservation and management of cultural heritage sites in the future.