• 한국균학회소식:학술대회논문집
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• 한국균학회 2014년도 춘계학술대회 및 임시총회
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• pp.47-47
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• 2014

In order to explore mycelial growth and fruiting body formation of Lyophyllum decates on different media, ten cultivation media by using cottonseed hull, sawdust, corn cob etc. as main components were designed for seven strains. The results showed that the mycelial colour of all strains are mainly snow-white, and the formula of media using corn cob as main materials was better than that using cottonseed hull and sawdust for mycelial growth, but no fruiting body was formed. The cottonseed hull medium with a small amount of sawdust, plant leaves, humus or fermented material and wheat was beneficial for fruiting formation. The incubation period for fruiting formation of strain 3001 was 108 days and the highest yield was-214.80 g/bag. Fructification of the strains tasted occurs successively in order of 3001, 1035, 1004 and 1013. It was concluded that different medium composition had significant effect on the mycelial growth and fruiting body formation.

• 한국미생물·생명공학회지
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• 제6권2호
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• pp.59-63
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• 1978

토양에서 분리 곰팡이 361균주, 부패된 귤에서 균주한 곰팡이 27균주와 보존균주 59균주 계 447균주중 naringinase를 생산하는 균주 98균주를 분리하고 그 중 활성이 높은 Aspergillus nidulans를 선정하여 이의 효소 생산시 배양조건에 대하여 연구한 결과 다음과 같은 결론을 얻었다. 즉 밀기울과 물을 10 : 9의 비율로 섞은 밀기울 배지에 균을 접종한 후 3$0^{\circ}C$에서 3일이상 배양 하였을 때 높은 활성을 나타내었으며, (NH$_4$)$_2$ SO$_4$ 0.2%, naringin 2%, CaCO$_3$ 0.2%를 배지에 첨가하였을 때 naringinase 의 활성은 증가하였다.

• The Plant Pathology Journal
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• 제16권4호
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• pp.189-199
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• 2000

To search for the antifungal substances, various actino-mycete isolates were obtained from various soils of Korea using plate dilution method on the humic acid vitamin agar plates. In the screening procedures using a dual culture method, 32 actionomycete isolates were selected, which showed the inhibitory activity against mycelial growth of plant pathogenic fungi Altirnaria mali, Colletotrichum gloeosporides, Fusarium oxysporum f.sp. cucumerinum, Magnaporthe grisea, Phytophthora capsici, and Rhizoctonia solani. Bioassay of the crude extracts from culture filtrates and mycelial mets revealed that 12 antagonistic actionomycetes produced highly active antifungal substances. Actinomycete strain S5-55 which showed the substantial antifungal activity against the tested fungi was selected for production of the antifungal substances. Based on the cytochemical and morphological characteristics, strain S5-55 was identified as a Streptomyces species. The results of the numerical identification using the TAXON program confirmed that Streptomyces strain S5-55 was identical with Streptomyces humidus including in TAXON major cluster 19. The production of antifungal substance was most favorable when S. humidus strain S5-55 was cultivated for 10 dats on soluble starch broth supplemented with $K_2$HPO$_4$. The antifungal substances active against the plant pathogenic fungi P. capsici and M. grisea were partially purified using $\textrm{C}_{18}$ reversed-phase column chromatography.

• 한국미생물·생명공학회지
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• 제28권3호
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• pp.134-138
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• 2000

자연계에 다양하게 존재하는 세균중 셀룰로오스 생산성이 우수한 균주를 분리 및 동정함으로서 새로운 생물자원을 확복하고자 하였다 사과, 포도, 식초 등의 시료로부터 총 57주의 셀룰로오스 생산균주를 분리하였다. 그중 사과에서 분리된 A9 균주를 공시균으로 선정하여 형태학적 배양적 및 생리생화학적 특성을 검토한 결과 Acetobacter 속으로 동정되어 편의상 Acetobacter sp. A9로 명명하였다 본 균주는 ethanol을 acetic acid로 산화시킨 후 다시 $CO_2$ 와 $H_2O$. 로 재산화시키는 특성을 가지고 있었다 또한 glycerol로부터 dihydroxyacetone을 생성할 수 있었으나 glucose 및 fructose로부터 ${\gamma}$-pyrone은 생성할 수 없었다. 본균주를 HS액체배지에서 정치배양했을 때 두꺼운 셀룰로오스 pellicle을 합성하였으며 교반배양에서 mass 형태의 셀룰로우스를 합성할 수 있었다.

• 한국식품과학회지
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• 제35권3호
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• pp.442-446
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• 2003

인천광역시의 일대와 강화도, 백령도, 제주도 등 한국 토양으로부터 순수분리된 200여 종의 곰팡이 균주에서 콜레스테롤 합성 저해제인 lovastatin의 생산 여부를 확인하였다. Lovastatin 생산은 rapeseed meal이 함유된 RPM 배지를 사용하였고 TLC와 HPLC를 사용하여 lovastatin의 생산을 조사하였다. 결과 200여 균주 중 9개의 균주만이 lovastatind을 생산하였고, HPLC로 확인한 결과 삼성리 퇴비 균주(ISR)에서 25.52 mg/L의 생산량을 보였다. 포자의 형태학적 구조와 18SrRNA 유전자의 염기서열 결과 삼성리 퇴비 균주는 Aspergillus sp.로 확인되었다.

• The Plant Pathology Journal
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• 제20권1호
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• pp.63-66
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• 2004

Ginseng (Panax ginseng) is one of the most widely cultivated medicinal herbs in Korea. However, yield losses reached up to 30-60％ due to various diseases during 3 or 5 years of ginseng cultivation in the country. Therefore, successful production of ginseng roots depends primarily on the control of diseases. The objective of this study was to select potential biocontrol agents from rhizobacteria isolated from various plant internal root tissues for the control of multiple ginseng diseases as an alternative to fungicides. Among 106 Bacillus strains, two promising biocontrol agents, Bacillus pumilus strain B1141 and Paenibacillus lentimobus strain B1146, were selected by screening against root rot of ginseng caused by Cylindrocarpon destructans in a greenhouse. Pre-inoculation of selected isolates to seed or l-year-old root of ginseng resulted in stimulation of shoot and/or root growth of seedlings, and successfully controlled root rot caused by C. destructans (P<0.05). Furthermore, drenching of cell suspension of the selected isolates on seedling-growing pots reduced the incidence of Phytophthora blight after the seedlings were challenged with zoospores of Phytophthora cactorum (P<0.05). P. lentimorbus strain B1146 showed antifungal activity against various soil-borne pathogens in vitro, while B. pumilus strain B1141 did not show any. Results of this study suggest that some rhizobacteria can induce resistance against various plant diseases on ginseng.

• 한국토양비료학회지
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• 제41권5호
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• pp.362-368
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• 2008

항진균성 활성을 가지는 저영양세균을 분리하기 위하여 토양시료는 경북 영양, 충북 제천, 충북 음성, 충북 괴산, 충남 논산 등지의 고추 밭에서 수집하였고 R2A배지를 이용하여 평판희석법으로 9,354여 균주의 저영양세균을 분리하였다. 분리된 저영양세균중 고추역병에 강한 활성을 가지는 1A 균주를 선발 하였으며 16S rDNA 와 표준균주(B. vallismortis, B. mojavensis)를 이용한 생리, 생화학적 실험으로 B. vallismortis로 최종동정 되었다. 1A균주는 Magnaporthe 균을 제외하고 Phytophthora, Collectotrichum, Botrytis, Fusarium 균등에서 폭넓게 강한 활성을 나타내었다. 고추 유묘검정에서 대조구가 89%정도의 발병율을 보인 반면에 1A 처리구에서는 29%의 발병율을 나타내어 고추역병의 길항균으로써의 미생물제제 가능성이 있는 것으로 판단된다.

• Journal of Microbiology and Biotechnology
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• 제14권1호
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• pp.97-104
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• 2004

Water-sludge bacteria were screened to find a lipase enantioselectively hydrolyzing itraconazole precursor, which is well known as the starting material of antifungal drug agents. A bacterial strain was isolated and identified as Acinetobacter junii SY-01. After the strain was cultivated, the enzyme was purified 39.4-fold using ultrafiltration and gel filtration through a Sephadex G-100 chromatographic column and the activity yield was 34.9%. The molecular weight of the enzyme was about 40 kDa, as measured by SDS-PAGE, and the optimum pH was 7.0- 9.0 and stable at pH 6.0- 9.0. The optimum temperature was 45- $5^{\circ}C$, and 73% of the enzymes activity remained after incubation at 70% for 1 h. Enzyme activity was enhanced by gall powder, sodium deoxycholate, a cationic detergent Tween 80, and a non-ionic detergent Triton X-100, but was markedly inhibited by metal ions such as $Hg^{2＋},Cu^{2＋},Ni^{2＋}/,Ca^{2＋}$, and an anionic-surfactant sodium dodecylsulfate. The $K_{m}$ values for (R)- and (S)-enantiomers of the itraconazole precursor were 0.385 and 21.83 mM, respectively, and the $V_{max} values ($\mu$Mㆍmin^{-1}.)$ were 6.73 and 6.49, respectively. The acetyl group among the different acyl moieties of itraconazole precursor showed the highest enantioselectivity for the hydrolysis by the Acinetobacter junii SY-01 lipase, and the lipase from Acinetobacter junii SY-01 displayed better enantioselectivity than that of commercially available lipases and esterases.

• 식물병연구
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• 제16권1호
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• pp.41-47
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• 2010

고추 역병이 발생한 충주, 안면, 태안, 안동, 음성 그리고 괴산지역의 고추밭 토양에서 전체 10,753균주의 저영양 미생불을 분리하였다. 이들 중 Phytophthora capsid를 포함하여 식불체의 주요 병원성 곰팡이에 대해 길항작용을 보이는 균주들을 일차적으로 선발하였다. 최종적으로는 온실 고추유묘 검정을 통해 고추 역병에 대해 탁월한 방제가를 보이는 7F 균추가 선발되었다. 이 균주는 16SrDNA염기서열 분석과 API20 NE 키트를 통한 생리, 생화학적 분석을 통하여 Bacillus subtilis로 동정 되었다. 고추 역병균 포자를 처리한 고추 유묘 화분 검정에서, 처리25일 후 대조구는 고추 역병 이병 비율이 87%에 이르는 반면에 7F 균주를 처리한 처리구에서는 단지 6%의 이병율을 보였다.

• The Plant Pathology Journal
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• 제22권3호
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• pp.265-270
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• 2006

Cultivated hot pepper crops showing severe mosaic symptom were found in Korea in 2004 and their causal agent was identified as Cucumber mosaic virus (CMV). These pepper crops was resistant to the virus in the filled, and they belonged to pathotype 0 (P0) resistant pepper. Resistance screening of selected pepper plants showed that a pepper isolate of CMV was the P0 resistance-breaking virus. This P0 resistance-breaking isolate of CMV, named as Ca-P1, was isolated from leaves of the virus-infected Capsicum annuum cv. Manidda that showed systemic severe mosaic symptom. Ca-P1-CMV could induce systemic mosaic symptoms on P0-susceptible (P0-S) and P0-resistant (P0-R) cultivars whereas an ordinary strain (Fny-CMV) could not infect P0-R. This result suggests that Ca-P1-CMV can overcome P0 resistant pepper cultivars. To analyze its genome sequence, the complete nucleotide sequence of RNA3 of Ca-P1-CMV was determined from the infectious full-length cDNA clone of the virus. RNA3 of Ca-P1-CMV consisted of 2,219 nucleotides. Overall sequence homology of RNA3-encoded two viral proteins (movement protein and coat protein) revealed high similarity (75.2-97.2%) with the known CMV strains. By sequence analysis with known representative strains of CMV, Ca-P1-CMV belongs to a typical member of CMV subgroup IB. The resistance and resistance-breaking mechanisms of pepper and counterpart CMV, respectively, remain to be investigated, which will enrich the genetic resources and accelerate CMV-resistant pepper breeding programs.