• Journal of the Korean Society of Food Science and Nutrition
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• v.33 no.5
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• pp.839-846
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• 2004

The purpose of this study was to investigate the possibility of medicinal plants application as an edible functional food resource. This research was planned to apply Artesmisia capillaris, which is one of the most widely used oriental medicinal resource into beverages, and to evaluate the validity and the nutrients of the developed beverage with Artemisia capillaris. Following this plan, we analyzed contents of the general nutritional composition, mineral and amino acid contents. And to evaluate the improvement of blood circulation and the ability to recover from fatigue, we had a group of athletes to regularly take the beverage before and after exercise and checked the heart rates, and blood components before exercise and after exercise. Brix, pH and titratable acidity of develoued drink were 9.2%, 4.4 and 0.04%, respectively. The approximate nutritional composition of beverage was carbohydrate, 2.70%, crude protein, 6.00%, crude ash, 0.20%, and crude fat, 0.10%. And developed beverage contained essential amono acids and minerals (p, Ca, K, Na, Fe, Mn, Zn). Heart rates, lactic acid, glucose, creatinine, LDH, GOT, GPT and lipid concentratios in blood were decreased after taking the beverage with Artemisia capillaris for 6 weeks, both in stable condition and after exercise. Since the athletes who participated In our research were doing aerobic exercise regularly, we judged that this result was formed not only by aerobic exercise, but also by the function of developed beverage with Artemisia capillaris the athletes took for 6 weeks. We believe that taking the beverage regularly will help the improvement of the public health and the athleticism of the athletes. We hope that this result will be used as the basic resource in developing of the beverage with Artemisia capillaris in the near future.

• Food Science and Preservation
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• v.25 no.1
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• pp.124-135
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• 2018

This study investigated the nutritional properties and biological activities of Ganoderma lucidum (GL). The round type of GL contained higher carbohydrate content, while the Nokgak type of GL contained higher crude ash, crude fat, and crude protein content. The most abundant amino acid, fatty acid, mineral, and soluble vitamin observed were valine (round type: 11.90 mg/g and Nokgak type: 17.18 mg/g), linoleic acid (round type: 47.56% and Nokgak type: 75.68%), potassium (round type: 116.50 mg/100 g and Nokgak type: 184.36 mg/100 g), and vitamin B3 (round type: 1.78 mg/100 g and Nokgak type: 1.81 mg/100 g), respectively. In addition, the ${\beta}$-glucan content were 34.15 g/100 g (round type) and 30.07 g/100 g (Nokgak type). The GL 70% ethanol extract at $40^{\circ}C$ showed higher radical scavenging as well as carbohydrate and lipid enzyme inhibition than other conditions. At 1 mg/mL of treatment with the 70% ethanol extract at $40^{\circ}C$ of round type GL, the DPPH, ABTS, hydroxyl radical scavenging, and ${\alpha}$-glucosidase, ${\alpha}$-amylase, and pancreatic lipase inhibition activities obtained were approximately 92.85, 99.74, 58.09, 89.68, 44.68, and 67.56%, respectively.

• Food Engineering Progress
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• v.15 no.4
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• pp.346-354
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• 2011

This study was carried out to fortify the antimicrobial activity of yoghurt by adding liquorice extract to it. The liquorice extracts (1 mg/mL) showed relatively high antibacterial activity against H. pylori KCCM 40449 (p < 0.05). The solvent liquorice extracts of minimal inhibitory concentrations (MIC) against H. pylori KCCM 40449 were 25- 100 ${\mu}g$/mL. Lactobacillus amylovorus DU-21 with high EPS production ability were inoulated to milk after the addition of different amounts of liquorice extracts (0.0%, 0.05%, 0.1% and 0.2%). The physico-chemical characteristics of yoghurts added with liquorice extracts were examined. The initial pH, titratable acidity, viscosity and viable cell counts of the yoghurt added liquorice extracts were 3.41-3.51, 1.021-1.091%, 1,686-1,930 cp and 9.41-9.38 Log CFU/mL, respectively. The viscosity and syneresis of yoghurt were better than that of the control. Antimicrobial activity against H. pylori KCCM 40449 increased with increasing addition of liquorice extract. However, the sensory score of yoghurt added with different amounts of liquorice extracts was lower than that of the control (p < 0.05). As a result of the sensory evaluations, the flavor, taste, texture, color and overall acceptability of the yoghurt with 0.05% liquorice extract were found to be much better than those of the other groups (p < 0.05). Overall, the optimal amount of liquorice extract added in the manufacture of yoghurt was 0.05% of the total weight. Further studies on increment of antimicrobial activity and palatability of liquorice extract added yoghurt are necessary.

• Journal of Microbiology
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• v.35 no.4
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• pp.295-299
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• 1997

Pseudomonas sp. S-47 is capable of transforming 4-chlorobenzoate to 4-chlorocatechol which is subsequently oxidized bty meta-cleavage dioxygenase to prodyce 5-chloro-2-hydroxymuconic semialdehyde. Catechol 2,3-dioxygenase (C23O) produced by Pseudomonas sp. S-47 was purified and characterized in this study. The C23O enzyme was maximally produced in the late logarithmic growth phase, and the temperature and pH for maximunm enzyme activity were $30{\sim}35^{\circ}C$ and 7.0, respectively. The enzyme was purified and concentrated 5 fold from the crude cell extracts through Q Sepharose chromatography and Sephadex G-100 gel filtration after acetone precipitation. The enzyme was identified as consisting of 35 kDa subunits when analyzed by SDS-PAGE. The C23O produced by Pseudomonas sp. S-47 was similar to Xy1E of Pseudomonas putida with respect to substrate specificity for several catecholic compounds.

• Journal of Physiology & Pathology in Korean Medicine
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• v.28 no.5
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• pp.499-505
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• 2014

Immunosuppressors cyclosporine A(CsA) and tacrolimus(FK506), the primary cellular target of which is calcineurin/nuclear factor of activated T cells(NFAT) signalling pathways, decrease beta-cell insulin content and mRNA expression. The posttransplantation diabetes mellitus(PTDM) is a frequent complication in immunosuppressive therapy. The present study was to examine the effect of a crude water extracts of medicinal herbs such as Sanguisorba officinalis(SOE) on the immunosuppressive activity with lymphocyte and insulin secretion in insulinoma cell lines with RIN-5mF. It was found that SOE treatment had effect of immunosuppressor on lymphocytes and also significantly increased insulin secretion in RIN-5mF compared to other agents. we might suggest a mechanism on insulin secretion by HNF4a. Taken together, the present study suggested that SOE might serve as immunosuppressive drug in PTDM.

• Mycobiology
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• v.30 no.3
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• pp.170-174
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• 2002

A total of twenty-nine species and one species variety belonging to 12 genera was isolated from 30 samples of molasses on 1% glucose(10 genera, 22 species and 1 variety) and 50% sucrose(7, 21 and 1) Czapek's agar at $25^{\circ}C$ media. Aspergillus, Mucor, Mycosphaerella and Penicillium were the most common genera on the two types of media. From the above genera, the most prevalent species were: Aspergillus flavus, A. fumigatus, A. niger, Mycosphaerella tassiana, Penicillium chrysogenum, P. oxalicum and P. purpurogenum. Also, some species were only isolated on 50% sucrose such as Eurotium amstelodami, E. chevalieri, E. repens, Humicola fuscoatra, Penicillium aurantiogriseum and P. puberulum. About 65 fungal isolates isolated from 50% sucrose agar were tested for their ability to produce invertase enzyme in liquid medium and 93.8% of the isolates could produce this enzyme. From the positive isolates, 32 showed high invertase activity, 21 had moderate activity and the remaining 8 isolates were of weak activity. Sixty isolates of Aspergillus, Emericella, Eurotium, Mycosphaerella and Penicillium from the preceding study were screened for the presence of their respective mycotoxins. Larva of brine shrimp(Artema sauna L.) were used for toxicity test of the fungal crude extracts. Three isolates out of 60 tested were toxic. Using thin-layer chromatographic technique, 5 different known mycotoxin were detected aflatoxins : B1, B2, G1, G2 and citrinin.

• Biomolecules & Therapeutics
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• v.21 no.2
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• pp.153-160
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• 2013

We screened the pharmacological effects of a 50% ethanol extract of Yacon tubers and leaves on spermatogenesis in rats. As a result, we found that Yacon tuber extracts increased sperm number and serum testosterone level in rats. It has been reported that the crude extract of Yacon tubers and leaves contain phenolic acids, such as, chlorogenic acid, ferulic acid and caffeic acid by HPLC/MS analysis. We were interested in the contributions made by phenolic acid, particularly chlorogenic acid of Yacon tuber extract to the spermatogenic activity. After administering Yacon tuber extract or chlorogenic acid to rats for 5 weeks, numbers of sperm in epididymis were increased by 34% and 20%, respectively. We also administered ferulic acid, which has been reported to be a metabolite of chlorogenic acid and a constituent of Yacon tuber extract to investigate its spermatogenic activity in rats. Yacon tuber extract and ferulic acid increased sperm numbers by 43% and 37%, respectively. And, Yacon tuber extract, and chlorogenic acid showed significantly inhibition effect of testoeterone degradation in rat liver homogenate. We considered that the spermatogenic effect of Yacon tuber extract might be related to phenolic compounds and their inhibitory effect of testosterone degradation. Yacon showed the possibility as ameliorable agents of infertility by sperm deficiency and late onset hypogonadism syndrome with low level of testosterone.

• Economic and Environmental Geology
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• v.9 no.3
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• pp.157-163
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• 1976

In this study, the oil bearing rock-sequence, U-hand-ri Formation (D.S. Lee et al., 1976), was subdivided into three members; the lower, the intermediate and the upper. The lower consists mainly of reddish purple tuff and sandy calcareous shales, the intermediate of an alternation of tuffs, sandstons, calcareous black shales, cherts and limestone and the upper of coarse grained variegated tuff and agglomerate. Oily matter was found from the black shales of the intermediate. Ten samples of black shales from drilled cores, 8 samples of black shales from different outcrops of the member, and 1 sample of grease-like seeping oil from black shales at U-hang-ri coast were chemically analyized. Among them, 9 samples contain remarkable amount of organic carbon (0.96~1.60%) and E.O.M. extract (0.176~0.718%), and mostly the bituminous material is saturated hydrocarbons as well as shown in infared spectroscopic analyses. The elemental analyses of MAE extracts and asphaltenes of some of thoese samples indicate that the transformation of organic material to crude oil is highly progressed. The authors suggest that the seeping oil and oily tinges in black shale layers are the products of natural cracking related with the igneous activities in the area nearby.

• CELLMED
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• v.4 no.1
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• pp.4.1-4.4
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• 2014

Gynura segetum, family Asteraceae is a cultivated species and can be found growing in the tropical regions of Indonesia and Malaysia. The plant is known for its use for the treatment of cancer, inflammation, diabetes, hypertension and skin afflictions. In the current study, anti-inflammatory effect of Gynura segetum leaf has been investigated. The present study investigated the in vivo anti-inflammatory effect of Gynura segetum leaf by using hen's egg test-chorioallantoic membrane (HET-CAM) assay. Different solvent extract of Gynura segetum leaf were tested, the most active methanol extract was further fractionated and tested. Among the extracts tested, the methanol extract showed a significant good anti-inflammatory effect (76.8% inhibition at 50 ${\mu}g/disc$) on the HET-CAM assay as compared with the anti-inflammatory drug indomethacin (82.1% inhibition). However, the fractionated sample exhibited a significantly lower activity in comparison to crude methanol extract. The results demonstrated that Gynura segetum leaf displayed remarkable anti-inflammatory effects, which support the folkloric uses of this plant for treatment of inflammation.

• BMB Reports
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• v.42 no.12
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• pp.817-822
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• 2009

Type-1 phosphatase (PP-1) was assessed in foot muscle (FM) and hepatopancreas (HP) of estivating (EST) Otala lactea. Snail PP-1 displayed several conserved traits, including sensitivity to inhibitors, substrate affinity, and reduction in size to a 39 kDa catalytic subunit (PP-1c). During EST, PP-1 activity in FM and HP crude extracts was reduced, though kinetics and protein levels of purified PP-1c isoforms were not altered. PP-1c protein levels increased and decreased in nuclear and glycogen-associated fractions, respectively, during EST. Gel filtration determined that a 257 kDa low $K_m$ PP-1$\alpha$ complex decreased during estivation whereas a 76 kDa high $K_m$ complex increased in EST. Western blotting confirmed that the 76 kDa protein consisted of PP-1$\alpha$ and nuclear inhibitor of PP-1 (NIPP-1). A suppression of PP-1 activity factors in the overall metabolic rate depression in estivating snails and the mechanism is mediated through altered cellular localization and interaction with binding partners.