• Interaction and multiscale mechanics
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• v.3 no.4
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• pp.405-414
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• 2010

The performance of full-scale steel and composite bridge safety barriers under vehicle crash is evaluated by using the nonlinear explicit finite element code LS-DYNA. Two types of vehicles used in this study are passenger car and truck, and the performance criteria considered include structural strength and deformation, occupant protection, and post-crash vehicle behavior. It can be concluded that the composite safety barrier satisfies all performance criteria of vehicle crash. Although the steel safety barrier satisfies the performance criteria of occupant protection and post-crash vehicle behavior, it fails to satisfy the performance criterion of deformation. In all performance evaluations, the composite safety barrier exhibits a superior performance in comparing with the steel safety barrier.

• Proceedings of the KSR Conference
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• 2010.06a
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• pp.1068-1074
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• 2010

In high speed railway, event recorder is essential system for analyzing the cause of train accident. It stores train operation sent by train control system in safe memory unit. Crash protected memory, the safe memory unit for event recorder, keeps the stored contents from severe environment. For crash protected memory, we have designed the architecture of concrete enclosure and controller board. Proposed system provides large volume of memory capacity and fault tolerance architecture. For checking the characteristics of proposed crash protected memory specification, the simulation is executed. Simulation results shows the designed crash protected memory meets all requirements.

• Transactions of Materials Processing
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• v.15 no.8 s.89
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• pp.568-573
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• 2006

In order to numerically evaluate automotive hydro-formed DP-steel tubes on crash performance considering welding heat effects, the finite element simulations of crash behavior were performed for hydro-formed tubes with and without heat treatment effects. This work involves the mechanical characterization of the base material and the HAG-welded zone as well as finite element simulations of the crash test of hydro-formed tubes with welded brackets and hydro-forming of tubes. The welding heat effects on the crash performance are evaluated in efforts to improve the process optimization procedure of the engine cradle in the design stage. In particular, FEM simulations on indentations have been performed and experimentally verified for material properties of weld zone and heat affected zone.

• Journal of Auto-vehicle Safety Association
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• v.7 no.2
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• pp.8-14
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• 2015

The objective of this study was to construct the spring-mass models for the car-to-car frontal impact crash. The SISAME software was utilized to extract the spring-mass models using the data from US-NCAP frontal crash tests. The spring-mass models of a compact car and a midsize car could effectively approximate the crash characteristics for the full frontal barrier impact and the car-to-car frontal impact scenarios. Compared to the barrier crash tests, the dummy injuries of midsize car decreased, while the dummy injuries of compact car increased, under the frontal car-to-car crash circumstances.

• Transactions of the Korean Society of Automotive Engineers
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• v.12 no.5
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• pp.101-107
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• 2004

Recently the objective of vehicle design was focused on the crash safety and the energy saving. For the energy saving vehicle structures must be light weight, but for the crash safety some energy absorbing elements must be added. In this paper hybrid structure which consists of a steel and a FRP was studied on the energy absorption characteristics under the impact load by finite element method. Test results of the other researchers were compared with that of computer simulation on this simple hybrid structure. Side rail of vehicle front structure was replaced with hybrid materials for the application of the vehicle structure. 35mph frontal crash simulation was performed with hybrid structure and with conventional steel structure. By the adoption of hybrid structure, the improvement of energy absorption characteristics and reduction of weight was observed under the frontal crash simulation.

• Journal of the Korea Safety Management & Science
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• v.14 no.3
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• pp.33-38
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• 2012

Construction companies with the highest proportion in death crash has been devoting much effort to prevent the crash accidents. In general, a crash-proof worker has been wearing a seatbelt. However, the G construction company had happened in industrial settings when workers fail to abide by the rules. The Carabiner, one of the composing of Safety Belt, must endure the Allowable Load. In this study, the Industrial accidents and cause of the crash analysis in G Construction company is performed by empirical research. And we have been studied the empirical research to setting up of the allowable limit for Carabiner.

• Transactions of the Korean Society of Automotive Engineers
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• v.14 no.5
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• pp.79-83
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• 2006

The present low speed crash regulations and RCAR test for insurance estimate do not tend to reflect car crash occurred on a road. Therefore, car makers are trying to readjust test standard be similar to a real situation. Passenger cars and SUV vehicles on the market will be subject to this study for car to car crash. In addition, we will discuss improvement of test methods for a low speed crash and direction of bumper design by performing this impact analysis.

• Journal of Nuclear Fuel Cycle and Waste Technology(JNFCWT)
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• v.17 no.2
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• pp.263-278
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• 2019

Since the 1970s, aircraft crash accidents have been considered as one of the severest external events that should be evaluated for license application of nuclear reactors. After the 9.11 terrorist attacks, many countries have performed safety assessment against intentional or targeted aircraft crashes into nuclear related facilities. In some countries, assessment against targeted aircraft crash was enforced by regulation and considered an important task for license approval. Safety assessment against aircraft crash is a technically difficult task and many countries manage R&D programs to improve its reliability. In this paper, regulations of many countries regarding safety assessment against aircraft crash are summarized, separating regulations for accident aircraft crash and those for targeted aircraft crash. Research performed in various countries on safety assessment of nuclear facility against aircraft crash are summarized, with a focus on spent nuclear fuel dry storage facilities.

• Journal of Auto-vehicle Safety Association
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• v.12 no.4
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• pp.39-47
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• 2020

In this study, crash situations of representative bus crash types were elicited by analyzing a total of 1,416 bus repair record which were collected in 2018~2019. K-means clustering was used as a methodology for this study. Bus repair record contain the information of repair term, type of bus operation, responsibility of accident, weather condition, road surface condition, type of accident, other party, type of road and type of location for each data. Also, by checking collision parts of each bus repair record, each record was classified by types of collision regions. From this, 760 record are classified to frontal type, 363 record are classified to middle-frontal type, 374 record are classified to middle-rear type and 331 record are classified to rear type. As mentioned, k-means clustering was performed on each type of collision parts. As a result, this study analyzed the severity of bus crash based on actual bus accident data which are based on bus repair record not the crash data from the TAAS. Also, this study presented crash situation of representative bus crash types. It is expected that this study can be expanded to analyzing hydrogen bus crash and defining indicators of hydrogen bus safety.

• International Journal of Highway Engineering
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• v.14 no.5
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• pp.133-143
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• 2012

PURPOSES: Using the collected data for crash, traffic volume, and design elements on ramps between 2007 and 2009, this research effort was initiated to develop traffic crash prediction models for expressway ramps. METHODS: Three negative binomial regression models and three zero-inflated negative binomial regression models were developed for individual ramp types, including direct, semi-direct and loop, respectively. For validating the developed models, authors compared the estimated crash frequencies with actual crash frequencies of twelve randomly selected interchanges, the ramps of which have not been used for model developing. RESULTS: The results show that the negative binomial regression models for direct, semi-direct and loop ramps showed 60.3%, 63.8% and 48.7% error rates on average whereas the zero-inflated negative binomial regression models showed 82.1%, 120.4% and 57.3%, respectively. CONCLUSIONS: Conclusively, the negative binomial regression models worked better in traffic crash prediction than the zero-inflated negative binomial regression models for estimating the frequency of traffic accidents on expressway ramps.