• 콘크리트학회지
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• 제9권3호
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• pp.4-14
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• 1997

• 콘크리트학회지
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• 제6권4호
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• pp.30-36
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• 1994

• Restorative Dentistry and Endodontics
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• 제42권4호
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• pp.332-341
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• 2017

Objectives: To determine the incidence of crack formation and propagation in apical root dentin after retreatment procedures performed using ProTaper Universal Retreatment (PTR), Mtwo-R, ProTaper Next (PTN), and Twisted File Adaptive (TFA) systems. Materials and Methods: The study consisted of 120 extracted mandibular premolars. One millimeter from the apex of each tooth was ground perpendicular to the long axis of the tooth, and the apical surface was polished. Twenty teeth served as the negative control group. One hundred teeth were prepared, obturated, and then divided into 5 retreatment groups. The retreatment procedures were performed using the following files: PTR, Mtwo-R, PTN, TFA, and hand files. After filling material removal, apical enlargement was done using apical size 0.50 mm ProTaper Universal (PTU), Mtwo, PTN, TFA, and hand files. Digital images of the apical root surfaces were recorded before preparation, after preparation, after obturation, after filling removal, and after apical enlargement using a stereomicroscope. The images were then inspected for the presence of new apical cracks and crack propagation. Data were analyzed with ${\chi}^2$ tests using SPSS 21.0 software. Results: New cracks and crack propagation occurred in all the experimental groups during the retreatment process. Nickel-titanium rotary file systems caused significantly more apical crack formation and propagation than the hand files. The PTU system caused significantly more apical cracks than the other groups after the apical enlargement stage. Conclusions: This study showed that retreatment procedures and apical enlargement after the use of retreatment files can cause crack formation and propagation in apical dentin.

• 대한기계학회논문집A
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• 제37권9호
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• pp.1109-1116
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• 2013

본 연구의 목적은 마찰교반용접된 7075-T651 알루미늄 합금 용접부에 대한 피로균열전파율의 공간적 불규칙성을 고찰하기 위한 것이다. 본 연구에서는 이전의 피로균열전파 실험 데이터를 활용하였다. 피로균열전파율의 공간적 불규칙성을 명확히 이해하기 위하여, 피로균열전파 실험은 일정 응력확대 계수범위 제어하에서 수행되었다. 재질, 즉 마찰교반용접된 7075-T651 알루미늄 합금 용접부의 용접재와 모재에 대하여 피로균열전파율의 공간적 불규칙성을 조사하기 위하여 실험 데이터가 해석되었다. 결론적으로 용접재의 변동성이 모재의 변동성보다 높게 나타났으며, Weibull 통계 해석에 의하여 변동성을 평가할 수 있음을 알았다.

• Structural Engineering and Mechanics
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• 제81권6호
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• pp.665-675
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• 2022

The safety problems of giant hydraulic structures such as dams caused by terrorist attacks, earthquakes, and wars often have an important impact on a country's economy and people's livelihood. For the national defense department, timely and effective assessment of damage to or impending damage to dams and other structures is an important issue related to the safety of people's lives and property. In the field of damage assessment and vulnerability analysis, it is usually necessary to give the damage assessment results within a few minutes to determine the physical damage (crack length, crater size, etc.) and functional damage (decreased power generation capacity, dam stability descent, etc.), so that other defense and security departments can take corresponding measures to control potential other hazards. Although traditional numerical calculation methods can accurately calculate the crack length and crater size under certain combat conditions, it usually takes a long time and is not suitable for rapid damage assessment. In order to solve similar problems, this article combines simulation calculation methods with machine learning technology interdisciplinary. First, the common concrete gravity dam shape was selected as the simulation calculation object, and XFEM (Extended Finite Element Method) was used to simulate and calculate 19 cracks with different initial positions. Then, an LSTM (Long-Short Term Memory) machine learning model was established. 15 crack paths were selected as the training set and others were set for test. At last, the LSTM model was trained by the training set, and the prediction results on the crack path were compared with the test set. The results show that this method can be used to predict the crack propagation path rapidly and accurately. In general, this article explores the application of machine learning related technologies in the field of mechanics. It has broad application prospects in the fields of damage assessment and vulnerability analysis.

• 제어로봇시스템학회논문지
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• 제17권11호
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• pp.1095-1100
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• 2011

In this paper, PHM (Prognostics and Health Management) techniques are briefly outlined. Prognostics, being a central step within the PHM, is explained in more detail, stating that there are three approaches - experience based, data-driven and model based approaches. Representative articles in the field of prognostics are also given in terms of the type of faults. Model based method is illustrated by introducing a case study that was conducted to the crack growth of the gear plate in UH-60A helicopter. The paper also addresses the comparison of the OBM (Overall Bayesian Method), which was developed by the authors with the PF (Particle Filtering) method, which draws great attention recently in prognostics, through the study on a simple crack growth problem. Their performances are examined by evaluating the metrics introduced by PHM society.

• 한국결정성장학회지
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• 제13권2호
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• pp.68-72
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• 2003

본 논문에서는 3차원 마이크로구조물을 위한 새로운 UV-LIGA 공정을 개발하였다. 일반적으로 photoresist는 얇은 두께로 코팅이 되지만, SU-8은 수십 $\mu\textrm{m}$ 이상의 두께를 가질 수 있으며, 높은 형상비를 갖는다. SU-8과 같은 Thick photoresist는 기존의 baking 공정과 같이 급격한 cool down을 할 경우 stress에 의한 crack이 발생한다. 이와 같은 경우 도금을 위한 마이크로구조물이 구현이 되지 않는다. SU-8의 코팅, bake에서의 시간 조절, 그리고 PEB의 시간 조절 및 cool down조절을 통하여 stress에 의한 crack이 발생하지 않도록 3차원 마이크로구조물을 제작 할 수 있도록 하였다.

• KIEAE Journal
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• 제5권3호
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• pp.49-56
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• 2005

Recently the Volatile Organic Compound, HCHO, a harmful object spout from the construction materials is made an issue of social problem. Also the appearance of the building where the confidentiality is high was interior air pollution and it was brought about a huge problem. The government research facility and a relation industry sector conducts a many effort to improves like this actual condition. The Diverse ability building material which contains the natural material of the jade, the charcoal and the hwangto instead of the finish material which contains the harmful chemical material, is becoming development and utility. Hereupon the study have carried out research on hwangto plaster that was composed of hwangto and rice straw. The result of test that is deduced by basic proportion is properly appeared with suitable ratio of the hwangto and the sand to 4:6~5:5 by the compressive strength and crack control, workability. The result of test, that adds the rice straw to basic blending for a crack control, appeared with the fact that it is most suitable 3%to add the rice straw that has a length of 0.5cm~2cm. The result of test that plaster over the large size to compare a cement plaster with a hwangto plaster show a similar efficiency by workability. Also it controlled the crack and peeling off actual condition which is discovered from the hwangto plaster of existing perfectly.

• 한국콘크리트학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국콘크리트학회 2006년도 춘계 학술발표회 논문집(II)
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• pp.369-372
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• 2006

In this paper, analysis method of HPFRCC is proposed as predicting properties flexural behavior. For analyzing HPFRCC beam, properties of strain-hardening, multiple cracking, and crack spacing control are considered as non-homogeneous material properties of the beam. This paper focused on the deflection, maximum moment of the flexural beam, distribution of crack width with the monte carlo simulation.

• 한국콘크리트학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국콘크리트학회 2006년도 춘계학술발표회 논문집(I)
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• pp.378-381
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• 2006

Test results of four reinforced concrete two-span continuous deep beams are summarized. Main variables were the configuration of web opening reinforcement. Shear span-to-overall depth ratio and the size of the web opening were fixed by 1.0 and 0.5 a $\times$ 0.2 h, respectively. To control diagonal crack and enhance strength, it can be recommended that diagonal reinforcement crossing the crack plane joining between loading points and corner of openings should be provided.