• ETRI Journal
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• 제39권3호
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• pp.417-427
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• 2017

This paper investigates the security of constant weight countermeasures, which aim to produce indistinguishable leakage from sensitive variables and intermediate variables, assuming a constant Hamming distance and/or Hamming weight leakages. To investigate the security of recent countermeasures, contrary to many related studies, we assume that the coefficients of the simulated leakage models follow a normal distribution so that we may construct a model with approximately realistic leakages. First, using our simulated leakage model, we demonstrate security holes in these previous countermeasures. Subsequently, in contrast to the hypotheses presented in previous studies, we confirm the resistance of these countermeasures to a standard correlation power analysis (CPA). However, these countermeasures can allow a bitwise CPA to leak a sensitive variable with only a few thousand traces.

• 한국심리학회지:법
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• 제11권1호
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• pp.89-115
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• 2020

전통적인 거짓말 탐지 방법은 범죄와 관련 있는 질문과 관련 없는 질문을 할 때 범죄자의 자율 신경 반응을 비교하여 유무죄를 판정한다. 거짓말 탐지 검사의 정확성과 유효성을 높이기 위해 연구자들은 효과적인 대안을 꾸준히 모색하였다. 그중 P300 기반 Complex Trial Protocol(CTP)은 탐침 자극과 무관련 자극의 P300 진폭을 비교하여 유무죄를 판정하는 방법으로, 이전 거짓말 탐지 방법의 취약점인 대응방안을 사용하는 경우에도 유무죄 판별의 정확도가 유지된다는 장점이 있다. 하지만 대부분의 기존 연구는 Rosenfeld et al.(2008)이 실험에 적용한 대응방안을 사용했다는 문제점이 있다. 본 연구는 먼저 대응방안에 대한 설문 조사를 실행하여 이에 관한 결과를 본 실험의 대응방안으로 사용하였다. 그리고 이러한 대응방안에 대해서도 CTP 기법이 범죄 사실 여부를 정확히 판별할 수 있는지 확인하고자 하였다. 총 50명의 참가자를 세 집단(무죄 집단, 유죄 집단, 대응방안 집단)으로 나누고 CTP를 수행하게 하였다. 대응방안 집단은 CTP를 수행하는 동안 검사자 모르게 앞서 선정된 대응방안을 사용하였다. P300 진폭 분석 결과, 유죄 집단의 탐침 자극 진폭이 무관련 자극 진폭보다 유의미하게 큰 것으로 나타났다. 대응방안 집단 역시 대응방안을 사용했음에도 불구하고 탐침 자극에서 유의미하게 큰 P300 진폭을 보였다. 진폭 부트스트랩 분석(BAD) 결과 유죄 집단, 무죄 집단, 대응방안 집단의 유무죄 판정 정확도는 각각 81.25%, 82.35%, 82.35%였다. 이러한 결과는 CTP가 설문 조사를 기반으로 한 대응방안에 대해서도 높은 범죄 탐지율을 보이며 향후 실제 수사 현장에서 사용될 수 있는 가능성을 시사한다.

• Journal of information and communication convergence engineering
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• 제12권4호
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• pp.237-245
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• 2014

In this study, software-based countermeasures against a side-channel cryptanalysis of the Rabbit stream cipher were developed using Moteiv's Tmote Sky, a popular wireless sensor mote based on the Berkeley TelosB, as the target platform. The countermeasures build upon previous work by improving mask generation, masking and hiding other components of the algorithm, and introducing a key refreshment scheme. Our contribution brings improvements to previous countermeasures making the implementation resistant to higher-order attacks. Four functional metrics, namely resiliency, robustness, resistance, and scalability, were used for the assessment. Finally, performance costs were measured using memory usage and execution time. In this work, it was demonstrated that although attacks can be feasibly carried out on unprotected systems, the proposed countermeasures can also be feasibly developed and deployed on resource-constrained devices, such as wireless sensors.

• 대한설비공학회:학술대회논문집
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• 대한설비공학회 2009년도 하계학술발표대회 논문집
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• pp.300-305
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• 2009

High-rise buildings have some problems by stack effect. And, the solutions on the problems should be determined by considering an overall building. But, ordinarily, the countermeasures on the problems are applied to local part of the building. Local countermeasures often can be possible to arouse the secondary problems accompanied by the stack-effect. In this study, the usefulness of local countermeasures are evaluated in terms of both the reduction effect on problems and the possible secondary problems with simulations. The simulation results show that the application of countermeasures on an overall building is very important and that local countermeasures can be used optionally according to building's conditions.

• Journal of Radiation Protection and Research
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• 제44권1호
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• pp.8-14
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• 2019

Background: Management of an agricultural food product system following a nuclear accident is indispensable for reducing radiation exposure due to ingestion of contaminated food. The present study analyzes the effect of agricultural countermeasures on ingestion dose following a nuclear accident. Materials and Methods: Agricultural countermeasures suitable for domestic farming environments were selected by referring to the countermeasures applied after the Fukushima accident in Japan. The avertable ingestion doses that could be obtained by implementing the selected countermeasures were calculated using the Korean Agricultural Countermeasure Analysis Program (K-ACAP) to investigate the efficiency of each countermeasure. Results and Discussion: Of the selected countermeasures, the management of crops was effective when radionuclide deposition occurred during the growing season of plants. Treatment by soil additive and topsoil removal was effective when deposition occurred during the nongrowing season of plants. The disposal of milk was not effective owing to the small contribution of milk to the overall ingestion dose. Clean feeding of livestock was effective when deposition occurred during the growing season of fodder plants such as pasture and rice-straw. Finally, the effect of food restriction increased with the soil deposition density of radionuclide. The practical effect of countermeasures was very small when the avertable ingestion dose was absolutely low. Conclusion: The agricultural countermeasures selected to reduce the radionuclide ingestion dose after a nuclear accident must be made appropriate by considering the accident situation, such as the soil deposition density of the radionuclide and the deposition date in relation to farming cycles.

• 한국안전학회지
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• 제26권1호
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• pp.27-35
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• 2011

There are many countermeasures collected by field experts, safety managers with their subjective decisions, without analysis. Subcontractor does not know which one of those can be more defective countermeasures. More weighted countermeasures should be taken for subcontractor's economical aspects. But there are almost no measures with useful weight so that subcontractors can select some as they need more effective even though there are not many measures at construction sites. AHP technique has been introduced into the analysis of counter measures for subcontractor. Countermeasures which car collected from field-experienced safety engineers have been weighed with frequency rate saying how many responders selected. And then, they are analyzed by AHP Technique for making out relative important level of the countermeasures, by each step such as Direct, Indirect, Management level, and policy level, quantitatively. AHP level in the study is composed of two stories, not three stories, in order to make respondents easier when they are asked. At least 15-year-experienced expert are asked for AHP questionnaire.

• 대한안전경영과학회지
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• 제1권1호
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• pp.171-181
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• 1999

The half of njuries by carrying-unloading machinery was injuries due to crane. The purpose of this study was to analyze present condition of injuries by the crane, to investigate hazard management model, injury prevention technique, and to suggest safety countermeasures of crane working. The hazard management model is composed of 5 rules and 10 methods. The rules are to remove, separate, protect, make up and correspond. Prior to this crane countermeasures, general protection for head, foot and hand are needed. Hazard prevention affects on industrial management economically and psychologically. The preparation of safety countermeasures are very important for the prevention of industrial injuries, The countermeasures are setting-up of safety culture, active and rationale safety education. As the industrial safety and health system should be performed for the employees' health and life, the industrial competitive power and productivity would be improved.

• 대한안전경영과학회:학술대회논문집
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• 대한안전경영과학회 1999년도 추계학술대회
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• pp.83-95
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• 1999

The half of injuries by carrying-unloading machinery was injuries due to crane. The purpose of this study was to analyze present condition of injuries by the crane, to investigate hazard management model, injury prevention technique, and to suggest safety countermeasures of crane working. The hazard management model is composed of 5 rules and 10 methods. The rules are to remove, separate, protect, make up and correspond. Prior to this crane countermeasures, general protection for head, foot and hand are needed. Hazard prevention affects on industrial management economically and psychologically. The preparation of safety countermeasures are very important for the prevention of industrial injuries. The countermeasures are setting-up of safety culture, active and rationale safety education. As the industrial safety and health system should be performed for the employees' health and life, the industrial competitive power and productivity would be improved.

• ETRI Journal
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• 제29권5호
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• pp.619-632
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• 2007

Side channel attacks are a very serious menace to embedded devices with cryptographic applications. To counteract such attacks many randomization techniques have been proposed. One efficient technique in elliptic curve cryptosystems randomizes addition chains with binary signed digit (BSD) representations of the secret key. However, when such countermeasures have been used alone, most of them have been broken by various simple power analysis attacks. In this paper, we consider combinations which can enhance the security of countermeasures using BSD representations by adding additional countermeasures. First, we propose several ways the improved countermeasures based on BSD representations can be attacked. In an actual statistical power analysis attack, the number of samples plays an important role. Therefore, we estimate the number of samples needed in the proposed attack.

• 한국군사과학기술학회지
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• 제13권5호
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• pp.924-932
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• 2010

War field differs from conventional military education and training environments. Warfighter may confront frequently unexpected physical and psychological stimulation. Cumulative psychological stress and physical fatigue can be causes of mood distortion, declined alertness, and decreased combat capability in warfighters. Countermeasures of combat stress and fatigue is very important for keeping combat capability and saving of life. Here in, the countermeasures of combat stress and fatigue have reviewed, and limitation and the direction of research and development of countermeasures of combat stress and fatigue are proposed.