• 한국축산시설환경학회지
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• 제17권1호
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• pp.49-54
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• 2011

가축분뇨와 유기성 부산물의 혼합형태가 바이오가스 발생에 미치는 영향을 규명하고 자 시험을 수행한 결과는 다음과 같다. 1. 모돈분을 원료로 했을 때 가스발생량은 건물함량 5%에서 최대 7 L/d, 내용물 용적대비 0.389 L/$L{\cdot}d$ 이었으며, 고형물 10%에서는 최대 10 L/d, 0.556 L/$L{\cdot}d$ 이었다. TS 10% 일 때 최대 가스발생량이 TS 5%의 약 1.4배가 되었다. 2. 유기성 부산물을 혼합하였을 때 옥수수 사일리지에서 고형물 함량을 10%로 한 시험구에서 가스발생량은 1.11 L/$L{\cdot}d$이다. 대조구의 가스 발생량 0.556 L/$L{\cdot}d$과 비교하면 약 2배 가까이 되었다. 또한 음식물쓰레기를 첨가하였을 때 고형물 함량 10%에서 최대 18.17 L/d, 용적대비 1.01 L/$L{\cdot}d$로 나타났다. 3. 유기건물함량 대비 바이오가스 발생량은 모돈분만을 사용한 대조구에서 최대 203L/kg odm ${\cdot}d$, 음식물쓰레기를 첨가한 시험구에서 최대 216 L/kg odm${\cdot}d$, 옥수수사일리지 를 첨가한 시험구에서 최대 362 L/kg $odm{\cdot}d$로 나타났다. 4. 메탄가스의 농도는 대조구가 초반에 40%가 나왔고 후반에 약 70% 정도였으며 옥수수사일리지를 첨가한 시험구에서 초반에 52% 후반에 약 70%, 음식물쓰레기를 첨가한 시험구에서 초반에 약 40% 후반에 약 70%로 일반적인 농도보다 높았다. 5. 소화액의 성분분석결과 모든 시험구의 소화액은 작물이 필요로 하는 영양분을 골고루 함유하고 있어 액비로 이용할 수 있으리라 판단된다.

• Asian-Australasian Journal of Animal Sciences
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• 제24권7호
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• pp.946-951
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• 2011

The study was conducted to evaluate enzose (corn dextrose), a corn milling byproduct, as substitute for corn grain as energy in growing lambs. Five iso-caloric and iso-nitrogenous diets were formulated. The control diet (E0) had no enzose whereas enzose replaced 20, 40, 60 and 80% corn grain in E20, E40, E60 and E80 diets on the basis of energy supply, respectively. Fifty growing lambs were divided into 5 groups, 10 animals in each, in a randomized complete block design. Nutrients (dry matter, crude protein, neutral detergent fiber and acid detergent fibre) intake and digestibilities increased with gradual replacement of corn grain by enzose. Lambs fed E80 diet also retained higher nitrogen (N) than those fed E0 diet. Plasma glucose, $T_3$ and $T_4$ increased while urea N decreased in lambs receiving higher enzose content. Maximum weight gain was recorded in lambs fed diets containing maximum concentration of E as a replacement for corn grains. A better feed conversion ratio was recorded in lambs fed E80 compared with those fed E0 diet. The study suggests that enzose can be used as an economical feed ingredient to replace corn grain upto 80%, without any adverse effects on growth performance of growing lambs.

• Mycobiology
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• 제37권2호
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• pp.133-140
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• 2009

To optimally convert corn hull, a byproduct from corn processing, into bioethanol using Pachysolen tannophlius, we investigated the optimal conditions for hydrolysis and removal of toxic substances in the hydrolysate via activated carbon treatment as well as the effects of this detoxification process on the kinetic parameters of bioethanol production. Maximum monosaccharide concentrations were obtained in hydrolysates in which 20 g of corn hull was hydrolyzed in 4% (v/v) $H_2SO_4$. Activated carbon treatment removed 92.3% of phenolic compounds from the hydrolysate. When untreated hydrolysate was used, the monosaccharides were not completely consumed, even at 480 h of culture. When activated carbon.treated hydrolysate was used, the monosaccharides were mostly consumed at 192 h of culture. In particular, when activated carbon-treated hydrolysate was used, bioethanol productivity (P) and specific bioethanol production rate ($Q_p$) were 2.4 times and 3.4 times greater, respectively, compared to untreated hydrolysate. This was due to sustained bioethanol production during the period of xylose/arabinose utilization, which occurred only when activated carbon-treated hydrolysate was used.

• Journal of Microbiology and Biotechnology
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• 제15권1호
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• pp.55-58
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• 2005

Sophorolipid was produced by Candida bombicola ATCC 22214 from soybean dark oil, a byproduct of soybean oil processing. With a fed-batch culture of C. bombicola for 7 days, 90 g/l of sophorolipid was obtained. The CMC (critical micelle concentration) and minimum surface tension of the sophorolipid in aqueous solution were found to be 150 mg/l and 48 mN/m, respectively. The dispersion capability of sophorolipid was higher than that of the chemical surfactants such as SDS and Brij30. The molar solubility ratio (MSR) of 4-methylnaphthalene was 0.2. Linoleic and oleic acids were the main constituents of the fatty acid composition of the sophorolipid. The sophorolipid showed antimicrobial activity against Propionibacterium acne and Bacillus subtilis.

• Asian-Australasian Journal of Animal Sciences
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• 제19권3호
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• pp.444-449
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• 2006

This study investigated the effects of dietary supplementation of cheese byproduct on performance, egg quality and fatty acid profile of egg yolk lipids from laying hens. One hundred five 30-wk-old White leghorn laying hens were randomly distributed into five groups of twenty one hens each and maintained in individual laying cages for 4 weeks. The hens were assigned to five treatments that consisted of corn-soybean meal based diets containing 0, 1, 3, 5 or 10% of cheese byproduct. Feed intake and rate of egg production of hens were not significantly different across the treatments during the whole experiment (p>0.05). Similarly, egg yolk cholesterol level, egg weight, Haugh's unit, eggshell thickness, color, and strength were not significantly different across the treatments (p>0.05). The amount of C16:0 in egg yolk was not significantly different across the treatments, but that of C18:0 decreased with increased cheese byproduct (p<0.01). Monounsaturated fatty acid (C16:1 and C18:1) content in egg yolk was similar across the treatments. Total CLA and cis-9, trans-11 CLA content increased linearly with increased cheese byproduct (p<0.001), while trans-10, cis-12 CLA amount was not significantly different across the treatments (p>0.05). Total saturated fatty acid (SFA) in the egg yolk was decreased as the level of cheese byproduct including CLA increased (p<0.01). However, the amount of unsaturated fatty acids (UFA) such as monounsaturated fatty acids (MUFA), n-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFA), n-6 PUFA, and total PUFAs in the egg yolk were not significantly different across the treatments (p>0.05). Therefore, the present results showed that cheese byproduct beneficially improved the fatty acid composition of concern to human health in the egg yolk without adverse effects on egg quality.

• Journal of Microbiology and Biotechnology
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• 제1권4호
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• pp.261-265
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• 1991

Clostridium acetobutylicum produced more butanol in the medium containing corn steep liquor (CSL) than in a complex medium without CSL Addition of CSL to CAB medium increased sugar consumption by the bacterium. Similar results were obtained in the fermentation using CAB medium containing lactate. The ratio for the butanol produced to acetone of the control culture was 1.8, whilst that of the culture containing 44 mM lactate was 5.2. From these results it is hypothesized that lactate functions as an electron flow modulator in the fermentation. This finding has been utilized for the successful butanol fermentation of a non-corn based agricultural byproduct, palm oil waste.

• Asian-Australasian Journal of Animal Sciences
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• 제30권4호
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• pp.546-553
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• 2017

Objective: An experiment was conducted to determine digestible energy (DE) and metabolizable energy (ME) of different byproduct feed ingredients fed to growing pigs, and to generate prediction equations for the DE and ME in feed ingredients. Methods: Twelve barrows with an initial mean body weight of 31.8 kg were individually housed in metabolism crates that were equipped with a feeder and a nipple drinker. A $12{\times}10$ incomplete Latin square design was employed with 12 dietary treatments, 10 periods, and 12 animals. A basal diet was prepared to mainly contain the corn and soybean meal (SBM). Eleven additional diets were formulated to contain 30% of each test ingredient. All diets contained the same proportion of corn:SBM ratio at 4.14:1. The difference procedure was used to calculate the DE and ME in experimental ingredients. The in vitro dry matter disappearance for each test ingredient was determined. Results: The DE and ME values in the SBM sources were greater (p<0.05) than those in other ingredients except high-protein distillers dried grains. However, DE and ME values in tapioca distillers dried grains (TDDG) were the lowest (p<0.05). The most suitable regression equations for the DE and ME concentrations (kcal/kg on the dry matter [DM] basis) in the test ingredients were: $DE=5,528-(156{\times}ash)-(32.4{\times}neutral\;detergent\;fiber\;[NDF])$ with root mean square error = 232, $R^2=0.958$, and p<0.001; $ME=5,243-(153 ash)-(30.7{\times}NDF)$ with root mean square error = 277, $R^2=0.936$, and p<0.001. All independent variables are in % on the DM basis. Conclusion: The energy concentrations were greater in the SBM sources and were the least in the TDDG. The ash and NDF concentrations can be used to estimate the energy concentrations in the byproducts from oil-extraction and distillation processes.

• 한국포장학회지
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• 제28권2호
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• pp.97-104
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• 2022

본 연구에서는 식량자산인 바이오매스 옥수수의 부산물인 옥수수 피를 LLDPE에 첨가하여 바이오베이스 시트를 제조할 때 물성개선을 위한 상용화 혼합물의 적정 첨가량을 찾고자 한다. 옥수수 피의 상용성을 높이고자 ESO와 실란 혼합물 실란을 농도별로 첨가하여 비표면적, 함수율, 입도분석 및 제조한 바이오베이스 플라스틱 시트의 물성변화를 조사하였다. 비표면적은 1.105 m²/g, 입도는 19 ㎛에서 가장 우수하였다. 시트의 충격강도, 인장강도, 신율 및 경도는 대조구에 비해 SI-1-CR은 높게 나타났으나 SI-2-CR과 SI-3-CR은 낮게 나타났다. 또 실란 혼합물 1% 처리구에서 가장 높게 나타났다. 굴곡강도와 탄성율은 첨가량이 증가할수록 높게 나타났다. 생산 성도 대조구에 비해 큰 차이가 없었으며, 원가의 경우도 바이오매스 부산물로 대조구 석유계 합성 플라스틱 수지보다 50%이상 저렴하여 경제성이 있다고 사료되었다. 이제품은 수퍼, 마트 등의 1회용 봉투, 종량제 봉투 등에 사용될 수 있을 것이다. 이상의 결과로부터 실란 혼합물 1%를 첨가하여 바이오베이스 플라스틱 시트를 제조하는 것이 바람직할 것으로 사료되었다.

• 한국수산과학회지
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• 제51권4호
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• pp.376-382
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• 2018

We investigated the effect of replacing tuna byproduct meal (TBM) and rice bran (RB) with fish meal (FM) and macroalgae (MA) in extruded pellets (EP) supplied as a diet to juvenile Abalone Haliotis duscus in aquaculture. In total, 80,000 juvenile abalone were distributed among eight indoor raceways and supplied with one of four experimental diets. The control diet consisted of FM, fermented soybean meal, corn gluten meal and shrimp meal as protein sources, with wheat flour and dextrin as carbohydrate sources; the control diet also contained MA. In the FM50 diet, TBM was replaced with 50% FM. In the MA 50 diet, RB was replaced with 50% MA. The final diet, FM50+MA50, included TMB and RB in place of 50% FM and 50% MA. Abalone were fed to satiation with little food leftover for 16 weeks. Weight gain and specific growth rate of abalone fed the control diet were greater than those of abalone fed the FM50 and MA50 diets, but not different from those of abalone fed FM50+MA50 diet. The proximate composition of abalone soft body did not vary according to experimental diets. Based on these results, it appears that the traditional commercial diet for juvenile abalone, comprising FM and MA, could be replaced with one containing 50% TBM and 50% RB without any retardation of growth.

• Journal of Animal Science and Technology
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• 제62권6호
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• pp.801-811
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• 2020

The main objective of this in vitro study was to evaluate red ginseng byproduct (RGP) as a protein resource and its effects on rumen fermentation characteristics, microflora, CO2, and CH4 production in ruminants. Four treatments for in vitro fermentation using buffered rumen fluid over a 48 h incubation period were used: 1, RGP; 2, corn gluten feed (CGF); 3, wheat gluten (WG); and 4, corn germ meal. In vitro dry matter digestibility (IVDMD), in vitro neutral detergent fiber digestibility (IVNDFD), in vitro crude protein digestibility (IVCPD), volatile fatty acids, pH, and ammonia nitrogen (NH3-N) were estimated after 48 h incubation. Gas production was investigated after 3, 6, 12, 24, 36 and 48 h. The CO2 and CH4 were evaluated after 12, 24, 36, and 48 h. A significant difference in total gas production and CO2 emissions was observed (p < 0.01) at all incubation times. CH4 production in RGP were higher (p < 0.05) than that in other treatments but a higher CH4 portion in the total gas production was observed in WG (p < 0.05) at 48 h incubation. The IVDMD, IVNDFD, and IVCPD of RGP was lower than those of other conventional ingredients (p < 0.01). The RGP had the lowest NH3-N value among the treatments (p < 0.01). The RGP also had the lowest total VFA concentration (p < 0.01), but presented the highest acetate proportion and acetate to propionate ratio among the treatments (both, p < 0.01). The abundance of Prevotella ruminicola was higher in RGP than in WG (p < 0.01), whereas RGP has lower methanogenic archaea (p < 0.01). In conclusion, based on the nutritive value, IVDMD, low NH3-N, and decreased methanogenic archaea, RGP inclusion as a protein source in ruminant diets can be an option in replacing conventional feed sources.