• Korean Journal of Health Education and Promotion
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• v.21 no.1
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• pp.137-151
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• 2004

Objectives： This study aims to investigate the psychological factors associated with abstention following a smoking cessation program, and to suggest useful information for those who want to stop . smoking and health practitioners who help them Methods： Participants were 73 smokers (65 males, 8 females) that participated in a hospitalized smoking cessation program, whose mean age was 44.89 (SD＝9.61). Participants completed questionnaires and psychological tests including： Demographic sheet, Eysenck's Personality Questionnaire, Multidimensional Coping Scale, Fagerstrom Test for Nicotine Dependence, and Jerusalem and Schwarzer's Self-Efficacy Scale. To identify whether the subjects abstained or not and to encourage them to abstain, the researcher called them on the telephone once a week for three months. After three months, they were contacted every other week till six months passed since they had left the smoking cessation program Tthey were THEN contacted once a month for another six months. The data was analyzed by using ANCOVAs with SPSS 10.0 for Windows. Results： 42 (57.5％) out of 73 abstained for one month and 26 (35.6％) abstained for one year. People who failed to abstain within a month showed a higher psychoticism and introversion personality trait than those who abstained for one month, while people who abstained for one month were coping actively in most situations, showed a higher self-efficacy and lower nicotine dependence than those who failed to abstain within a month, and people who failed to abstain within a year showed a higher psychoticism than those who abstained for one year. While people who abstained for one year were coping actively, obstinate, and interpreting positively most situations, they showed a higher self-efficacy than those who failed to abstain within a year. Conclusion： These findings reiterate the roles of personality, self-esteem, nicotine dependence in smoking and suggest the roles for smoking cessation. And it was found the roles of coping styles ,in smoking cessation. It might help smokers who want to stop smoking and health practitioners who help them

• Journal of Korean Academy of Nursing
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• v.46 no.1
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• pp.79-89
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• 2016

Purpose: This paper reports the results of a hospital centered follow-up program on parenting stress, parenting efficacy and coping for mothers with very low birth weight (VLBW) infants. Methods: The follow-up program consisted of home visiting by an expert group and self-help program for 1 year. A non-equivalent control group pre-post quasi-experimental design was used. Participants were 70 mothers with low birth weight infants and were assigned to one of two groups, an experimental groups (n=28), which received the family support program; and a control group (n=27), which received the usual discharge education. Data were analyzed using ${\chi}^2$-test, t-test, and ANCOVA with IBM SPSS statistics 20.0. Results: Mothers' parenting stress (F=5.66, p=.004) was significantly decreased in the experimental group. There were also significant increases in parenting efficacy (F=13.05, p<.001) and coping (F=8.91, p=.002) in the experimental group. Conclusion: The study findings suggest that a follow-up program for mothers with VLBW infants is an effective intervention to decrease mothers' parenting stress and to enhance parenting efficacy and coping.

• Journal of Korean Academy of Nursing
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• v.31 no.2
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• pp.340-350
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• 2001

The purpose of this study was to investigate the factors influencing social adaptation of chronic mental illness. The subjects of this study were 190 patients, over the age of 20 with chronic mental illness diagnosed by a physician, and living in Seoul, Korea during May, 2000 to December 2000. The instruments for this study were the social adaptation scale by Wallace (1979), the self-esteem scale by Rogenberg (1965), social support scale by ParkJiWon (1985), coping behavior scale by Shirley Zeitlin (1978), self efficacy scale by Sherer et. al (1982), and Rand mental health inventory(1979). The data were analyzed using descriptive statistics, pearson correlation coefficients, and stepwise multiple regression. The results of this study are as follows: 1. The level of social adaptation showed moderate (M=3.43). 2. The social adaptation showed significant positive correlation with self-esteem (r=0.39, p=0.00), self-efficacy (r=0.31, p=0.00), social support (r=0.47, p=0.00), self-productive coping (r=0.14, p=0.05), self-flexible coping (r=0.22, p=0.00), environment-active coping (r=0.21, p=0.00), and environment-flexible coping (r=0.14, p=0.04). The social adaptation showed significant negative correlation with anxiety (r=-0.16, p=0.02), and emotional problems (r=-0.18, p=-0.00). 3. The stepwise multiple regression analysis revealed that the most powerful predictor of social adaptation was social support (21%). A combination of social support, depression, behavioral controllability, self-efficacy, and environmental coping behavior accounted for 39% of the variance in social adaptation in chronic mental illness. From the results of this study, it is suggested to develop and apply a social adaptation training program for chronic mental illness.

• The Journal of Korean Academic Society of Nursing Education
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• v.28 no.3
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• pp.328-339
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• 2022

Purpose: This study was conducted to identify the mental health status of Korean adults during the COVID-19 pandemic and to verify the predictors and mediating effects of avoidance coping on the relationship between the intolerance of uncertainty and anxiety and the intolerance of uncertainty and depression. Methods: An online survey was completed by 191 Korean adults from 19 to 64 years old. Using the IBM SPSS Win 19.0 program, the data were analyzed through the frequency, mean, t-test or analysis of variance, Pearson's correlation coefficient, linear regression analysis and Sobel test. Results: Of the survey respondents 21.5%, and 33.5% respectively were classified into anxiety and depression risk groups. The predictors of anxiety were intolerance of uncertainty (β=.52), avoidance coping (β=.21), and response efficacy (β=-.15). Those variables explained 47.7% of the respondents' anxiety. The predictors of depression were intolerance of uncertainty (β=.40), avoidance coping (β=.20), and response-efficacy (β=-.12). These variables explained 34.9% of the participants' depression. Among the predictors of anxiety and depression, avoidance coping was the significant mediating variable. Conclusion: The predictors of anxiety and depression during the COVID-19 pandemic were revealed to be intolerance of uncertainty, avoidance coping, and response-efficacy. These results indicate the necessity of providing the cognitive interventions and reducing the use of avoidance coping strategies on a personal level. Community-level efforts, including early detection and health communication strategies, should prioritize risk groups for example young adults. The study suggests it will be necessary to provide sufficient information, psychological support and economic policy alternatives related to the COVID-19 pandemic on the national level.

• Korean Journal of Adult Nursing
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• v.18 no.3
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• pp.426-435
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• 2006

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to explore the predictors of cardiovascular risk factors among type 2 diabetic patients. Method: Data were collected from November, 2003 to June, 2004 using a physiological index and questionnaires. Patients(N=159) aged 40 and above were conveniently recruited from health care centers in B city. Data were analyzed with descriptive statistics, Pearson correlation and stepwise multiple regression using SPSS WIN 10.0 program. Results: The cardiovascular risk factors were negatively related with female gender, household monthly income, educational experience about diabetes, physical activity, self-care, self-efficacy and problem oriented coping, while positively related with the duration of diabetes, diabetic family history and depression. Self-care, diabetic family history, female gender, monthly household income, self-efficacy, affective-oriented coping and physical activity predicted 41.5% of the variance in cardiovascular risk factors of diabetic patients. Conclusion: According to the findings of this study, we concluded that cardiovascular risk factors of type 2 diabetic patients are related to the modifiable and non-modifiable variables. Self-care, self-efficacy, affective oriented coping, and physical activity were identified as modifiable variables. Intervention programs to increase those variables are warranted to reduce cardiovascular risk factors among type 2 diabetic patients.

• The Journal of the Korea Contents Association
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• v.17 no.3
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• pp.350-358
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• 2017

The purpose of this study is to examine the influences of coping strategies and vocational self-efficacy on burnout among social workers in long-term care hospitals. Using a convenience sample, researchers collected responses from 138 participants in those long-term care hospitals that have at least 100 sick beds among 528 hospitals(as of September 2015) registered as members of the Korean Association of Geriatric Hospitals. Multiple regression analyses revealed that working hours, externalizing strategies, vocational self-efficacy and group efficacy were significantly correlated with burnout of social workers. In other words, longer working hours led to higher degrees of burnout and higher levels of externalizing strategies, job efficacy, and group efficacy led to lower degrees of burnout in job performance. Based on the study results, it was discussed to relieve the extent of burnout among social workers in long-term care hospitals such as reinforcement of systematic supervision, development of burnout prevention program and on-the job training.

• Journal of the Korea Academia-Industrial cooperation Society
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• v.21 no.7
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• pp.120-126
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• 2020

This study was a descriptive research study to investigate the relationship between self-efficacy, stress coping, and college adaptation among nursing students. The subjects were extracted from students at four-year nursing colleges in K province, and data collection was conducted from October 1 to December 10, 2018. Data analysis was done using the SPSS 22.0 program, frequency and percentage, mean and standard deviation, Pearson's correlation, t-test, ANOVA, and multiple regression. The results show that the self-efficacy of nursing college students was 3.07 ± .39, stress coping was 2.15 ± .24, and college adaptation was 3.32 ± .49. There were significant differences in college life adaptation to stress coping, depending on major satisfaction, support motivation, and drinking. The higher the subject's self-efficacy and stress coping level, the higher the adaptation to university life. In addition, there were significant differences in general characteristics according to major satisfaction, academic support motivation, and drinking. Based on the above research results, it is necessary to develop a support program to strengthen the ability to cope with stress among college students.

• Journal of Korean Academy of Nursing
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• v.35 no.1
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• pp.154-164
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• 2005

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to develop an empowerment program as a nursing intervention for mothers who care for a child with cerebral palsy at home and to determine the effects of the program on those mothers' self efficacy, coping behavior and burden. Method: An non-equivalent control group pretest-posttest design was used in this study. An Empowerment program was developed based on Dunst & Trivette's model. Using the program, the study was carried out from Dec. 13, 2003 to Jan. 17, 2004, mothers whose children, aged 1 to 6, were outpatients of the Dept. of Rehabilitation Medicine, at P University Hospital or registered at educational institutions for early disabled children. The experimental group of subjects were included in the new empowerment program which was held for two and half hours every week for 6 times. Results: After treatment with the Empowerment Program, the experimental group was found to be significantly increased in score for self efficacy(t=4.55, p<.01), coping behavior(t=5.54, p<.001), objective burden(t=-3.96, p<.01) and subjective burden(t=-5.05, <.01), in comparison to the control group. Conclusion: The Empowerment Program is very effective in increasing self efficacy and coping behavior of mothers having a child with cerebral palsy and decreasing their burden. Finally, this study would recommend that an empowerment program should be extended to community facilities such as public health offices and welfare centers.

• The Journal of Korean Society for School & Community Health Education
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• v.15 no.2
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• pp.63-76
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• 2014

Objectives: The purpose of this study was to explore the effects of 'affirmative language' experiment upon freshmen nursing students' negative affect, self-efficacy and stress coping style. Methods: A nonequivalent control quasi-experiment was conducted on the subjects of 55 freshmen nursing students for 26(experimental group) and 29(control group). Data were analyzed using x2-test and t-test for participants' homogeneity test and conducted content analysis of process diary record and personal impressions. Results: As for negative affect, in case of the experimental group, depression(t=-2.384, p=.022) and anxiety(t=-2.243, p=.025) were significantly low with no difference for the control group. As for self-efficacy, both experimental and control groups showed significance and as for stress coping style, the control group used sub-categorized strategies better than the experimental group. There were 4 topics and subsequent 15 topics derived from the content analysis. 'Affirmative language' experiment showed alleviation of depression and anxiety helpful for study participants in self-reporting measurement, and helpful for stress self-management competence. Conclusion: It is necessary to connect the curriculum operation with interest of competence and practice of students stress self-management through the participating experiment experience.

• Journal of Korean Elementary Science Education
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• v.34 no.4
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• pp.447-457
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• 2015

This study has attempted to find the teaching methods for the elementary students with low science achievement by examining the differences of science learning motivation, academic stress and stress coping styles and the characteristics shown in the relationship between them. To achieve this, the differences of science learning motivation, academic stress and stress coping styles of the elementary students with low science achievement and their relationship was set up as a study problem. A science learning motivation using a science learning motivation questionnaire reconfigured with PALS along with underachievers diagnosis were measured targeting 660 elementary students located in Seoul. Using an academic stress questionnaire and stress coping style questionnaire, an academic stress and stress coping styles were measured. The results of analyzing the collected data are as follows. First, a science learning motivation of elementary students with low science achievement was lower than the general students but the academic stress was shown higher. Especially, the self-efficacy of science learning motivation was significantly lower and the school stress was highest. For stress coping styles, a tendency of passive and avoidment coping styles were shown higher than the general students. Second, among the science learning motivation of elementary students with low science achievement, the self-efficacy motivation and school stress have shown a negative correlation but had a positive correlation with the goal-oriented motivation centered on ability. In the correlation between the science learning motivation of elementary students with low science achievement and the stress coping styles, the pursuit of social support coping styles have shown a significant positive correlation with the science learning motivation and its subcategories. As a result of conducting a regression analysis on the influence of academic stress and stress copying styles on the science learning motivation of elementary students with low science achievement, among the academic stresses, the school stress was shown to have the biggest influence. Among the stress coping styles, the pursuit of social support coping styles had the biggest influence on the science learning motivation followed by active coping behaviors, passive and avoidment coping behaviors. Low science learning motivation as underachievement factors of elementary students with low science achievement was identified as having a relationship with high school stress and undesirable stress copying styles. Therefore, guidance and a program are required for the elementary student with low science achievement to have desirable stress coping methods on the stressful situations. In addition, for the improvement of science learning motivation, a learning environment is needed for the elementary students with low science achievement with seeking of relevant educational methods.