• Convergence Security Journal
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• v.23 no.5
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• pp.151-156
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• 2023

Currently, ICT is widely used in caring for the elderly living alone and preventing the disappearance of the elderly with dementia. Therefore, in this study, based on the government policy direction for the 4th industrial revolution, the use of AI technology-based care services, which are gradually increasing in community care, was sought to explore the current status and prospects for utilization and activation.AI speakers and caring robots, services that can be used for community care, help solve various problems experienced by the elderly, and are also used to relieve lack of conversation or loneliness by adding emotional functions. In order to activate community care using AI technology in the future: First, there is a need for continuous education to familiarize the elderly with AI devices and 'user experience (UX) design' for the elderly. Second, it is necessary to use human-centered technology that has a complementary relationship and enables emotional mutual relationships rather than using function-oriented technology. Third, it is necessary to solve ethical problems such as guaranteeing the user's right to self-determination and protecting privacy.

• Journal of Information Science Theory and Practice
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• v.12 no.3
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• pp.14-35
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• 2024

This qualitative study explores cyberbullying among college students through Habermas's Theory of Communicative Action to examine the dissonance between online interactions and principles of rational discourse. Cyberbullying is a pervasive issue in digital communication that undermines logical, evidence-based conversation, fostering environments where misinformation, manipulation, and harm thrive. By analyzing case studies from three universities, the research identifies the characteristics, dynamics, and emotional impacts of cyberbullying on victims, highlighting the role of social media platforms in facilitating these negative interactions. The findings reveal significant challenges to authentic and equal online conversations, driven by power imbalances and a lack of genuine communication, leading to psychological distress, erosion of self-esteem, and changes in behavior among victims. The study underscores the potential of social media design and policy interventions to mitigate cyberbullying, emphasizing the need for educational programs, technological solutions, and community support to promote a safer, more respectful digital environment. Key themes include the dynamics of cyberbullying, the suppression of rational discourse, the psychological and emotional consequences of inauthentic communication, and strategies for resilience and recovery. The research contributes to understanding cyberbullying's complexities and suggests a multifaceted approach to addressing it, aligning with Habermas's ideal of communicative rationality to foster healthier online communities. Future research should further explore the intersection of technology design, user behavior, and regulatory policies to combat cyberbullying effectively.

• Journal of Preventive Medicine and Public Health
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• v.39 no.5
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• pp.379-388
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• 2006

Objectives: This study assessed the influences of various factors that are related to youth smoking such as gender, age and type of school, and we wanted to provide supporting data for tailored and effective policy initiatives to reduce adolescent smoking. Methods: A self-report survey was conducted on 14,910 teen-age students who were selected based on the nationwide distribution of students in large and small cities and counties, the gender ratio of the students and the ratio of students attending various type of school at 38 middle and high schools in six representative areas of each province. The survey was handled and managed by a health education teacher at each school. Binary and multinomial logistic regression was used in the analyses. Results: Smoking by adolescents was associated with gender, age and even height. Male high school students tended to smoke more than female high school students, but this differences was not significant for middle school students. The older the adolescents were, the more likely that they smoked, except for the female high school students. Height was meaningful for all adolescents, except for the boys at the vocational high schools. Monthly allowance was significant for all adolescents. School factors such as type of school and the students' school performance were also crucial factors. Attending a vocational high school was strongly related to smoking, especially for girls. Students' school performance and the perceived level of stress were strongly associated with smoking, especially for boys. Home factors such as the relationship with parents and conversation time with family members were closely related to smoking behavior. Knowledge about the health hazard of smoking was also found to be strongly related to adolescent smoking. Conclusions: In conclusion, demographic factors, school factors, home surroundings and the perception on the harmfulness of smoking are strongly related to adolescent smoking behavior, but these differ from gender and type of school.

• Journal of Distribution Science
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• v.12 no.11
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• pp.55-65
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• 2014

Purpose - This study aims to investigate the process of political changes in Japan, which has introduced regulatory policies for large-scale retail stores since the 1930s, as well as the examples, and suggests improvement schemes for our policies in Korea, which imposes restrictions on business hours and forced holidays in accordance with the current Distribution Industry Development Act. Research design, data, and methodology - After examining the political change processes related to large-scale retail stores in japan, this study analyzes individually regulated cases based on the ordinances enacted by each local government. Through case analysis in Japan, this study makes political suggestions that may be helpful for our country substantially. Results - Since there is an obvious possibility that our economic restrictions on business hours and mandatory holidays do not coincide with WTO GATS, it is necessary for large-scale distributors to introduce new social and environmental regulations similar to Japan, rather than imposing controls to restrict free competition and also introduce a policy to induce cooperation with small businesses for the advancement of the distribution industry. Thus, it is desirable to take measures on noise, waste, traffic, and parking for the preservation of the living environment in the surroundings when building new large-scale retail stores. It is also important to establish measures to improve the welfare of neighborhood residents and consumers, create a pleasant urban environment, and make it mandatory to make presentations at public hearings among residents. Furthermore, it should be mandatory to establish regional contribution plans when a retail store is established, and take measures to solve various civil complaints or problems that may occur after entering the market. Moreover, it is desirable for large-scale retail stores that entered the market to induce cooperation in performing various activities in the area with a strong sense that they are all members of the local economy. Conclusions - If introducing social regulations like in Japan, there is probably an advantage that the conflicts seen when large-scale retail stores enter the market are absorbed by adjusting the persons concerned within the established institution in order to establish a field to solve such conflicts systematically. In contrast, there are still concerns regarding chaotic operation without any active attempts to have a conversation with large-scale retail stores and local small merchants due to a sharp conflict among the persons concerned, and if it is a briefing session without any decision of the restrictions on their opening itself, there may be doubts with regard to their effectiveness. Moreover, if the de facto opening is restricted by the introduction of such a briefing session procedure, the choice of whether to protect the existing rights of large-scale retail stores might become problematic. However, such problems could be minimized in a way by forming a separate consultative group for all persons concerned including residents, local governments, professionals, civic organizations, small merchants, and massive retail store-related persons.

• The Korean Journal of Air & Space Law and Policy
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• v.24 no.2
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• pp.47-67
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• 2009

In recent years, greenhouse gas (GHG) reduction has become high priority issue in international aviation. GHG emissions from the aviation sector only accounts for approximately 2 percent of total GHG emissions in the world. However, as with GHG gases in other sectors, it has been pointed out as a contributing factor to global warming and there is an ongoing conversation in the aviation community to establish international framework for emissions reductions. In the case of international aviation, effects of aviation activities of a State go beyond the airports and airspace of that State. This makes compiling of GHG emissions data very difficult. There are also other legal and technical issues, namely the principle of “Common but Differentiated Responsibility (CBDR)” under the United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change (UNFCCC) and “Fair Opportunity” principle of the Chicago Convention. For all these reason, it is expected that it will not be an easy job to establish an internationally agreed mechanism for reducing emissions in spite of continuing collaboration among States. UN adopted the UNFCCC in 1990 and the Kyoto Protocol in 1997 to impose common but differentiated responsibility on emissions reductions. In international aviation, ICAO has been taking the lead in measures for the aviation sector. In this role, ICAO held the High-level Meeting on International Aviation and Climate Change on 7 to 9 October 2009 at its Headquarters in Montreal and endorsed recommendations on reducing GHG from international aviation which will also be reported to the 15th Meeting of the Conference of the Parties (COP15). Key items include basic principle in global aviation emissions reduction: aspirational goals and implementation options: strategies and measures to achieve goals: means to measure and monitor the implementation; and financial and human resources. It is very likely that the Republic of Korea will be included among the Parties subject to mandatory limitation or reduction of GHG emissions after 2013. Therefore, it is necessary for Korea to thoroughly analyze ICAO measures to develop comprehensive measures for reducing aviation emissions and to take proactive actions to prepare for future discussions on critical issues after COP15.

• 한국노년학
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• v.36 no.4
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• pp.1037-1058
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• 2016

This study aims to investigate the female caregivers'experiences of aggression by nursing home residents, and to identify the policy strategies for violence prevention referred by the female caregivers. A total of 121 female caregivers with more than 6 months of working experiences had participated in this study. Of these, 56.2% had experienced verbal aggression, 51.2% physical aggression, and 27.3% sexual aggression, which reveals that client violence toward caregivers in nursing homes was at an alarming level. Although, physical and verbal violences were mostly caused unintentionally, about a half of the sexual aggression were caused deliberately. Aggression occurred the most when caregivers were providing the following services: changing the diapers or clothes, giving a bath, and serving meals. It was found that 'hitting' was the most common form of physical aggression and it was 'swearing' and 'touching or physical contacting' in the case of verbal and sexual aggression, respectively. Though there was a difference depending on the type of aggression, the most frequent reactions against client violence were to start a conversation or calm down the nursing home residents, and to leave the scene or ignore the incident. This means that the caregivers are coping very passively through resolving the aggressions by themselves, or overlooking the situation. The most frequently recommended strategy to prevent resident aggression was to provide educational programs on violence prevention to nursing home residents and caregivers(42.7%). Compared to the previous studies, this study indicates some differentiated strategies to prevent violence in nursing homes, which include hiring male caregivers, assuring directors to pay closer attention toward caregivers, using refined language between caregivers and residents, and keeping caregivers to wear appropriate clothes. Based on the study results, some policy recommendations on the prevention of client violence in nursing homes were suggested.

• Animal Systematics, Evolution and Diversity
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• v.7 no.1
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• pp.151-176
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• 1991

The arthropods are the most diverse and successful animal group making up more than three quarters of the total animal species. They also live in a great diversity of habitats on the earth. Because of these unavoidable circumstances, the human life has always been affected by them. Therefore, in many countries from the past, governments have supported the studies of the arthropods on the basis of the national policy. However, the present situation of ours is far behind the other advanced contries, Now we urgently need governmental support fro the development of both the basic and the applied fields of arthropod studies in the well organized manner. Facing with this necessity, the present article reviewed the studies of Korean arthopods based on insect and crustacean representing most of the arthopods. Several subjects were reviewed in the section of the past and present studies on Korean arthropods. These are the studies on Korean arthropods in the past and present, their application to the national strategy, and the present condition of curating specimens, etc. From these reviews, several important points were suggested in the section of future plan. These are such subjects as the establishment of national institution for the curation of specimens , computerizing the data, diversification of research techniques, valid strategy concerning the control of harmful contribution to the nature conversation and environmental management , use as a research animal, the enhancement of public welfare, training of specialists, and policies for the national programs.

• Journal of Digital Convergence
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• v.14 no.3
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• pp.453-464
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• 2016

This study started from the basis of necessity on the researches which asserts that parental rearing behavior in the modern society should change reflecting the social change of sociocultural environment. For this, parental rearing behavior of social constructivism and existing parental rearing behavior were contemplated while construct of parental rearing behavior was explored on the basis of main causes from Vygotsky's theory in order to prepare paradigm of new parental rearing behavior. As far as the method of study goes, various literature from relevant scholars were analyzed, centering various previously conducted studies pertaining to parental rearing behaviors as well as Vygotsky's theory. Also, the validity of the contents was confirmed through consult and revision from three experts. As the result, five factors were extracted. First, factor of cooperative interaction on social interaction. Secondly, emphasis on Internalization factor on social constructive behavior. Thirdly, potential development factor in zone of proximal development. Fourthly, instructional conversation factor as semiotic medium. Lastly, assistance factor as scaffolding. As a result, new paradigm of parental rearing behavior was presented and opened a prospect in developing the touchstone of parental rearing behavior pursuant to social constructivism.

• Informatization Policy
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• v.26 no.1
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• pp.62-82
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• 2019

This study attempts to make an empirical analysis on how mobile devices affect users in building their social relationship and if their influences are negative or positive. The purpose of this research is to explain the results by considering all the possibilities and exploring everyday lives of using mobile devices. We used the survey data from the "Research on Mobile Environment Awareness" conducted by Gyeonggi Research Institute(GRI). The main question was about the use of mobile devices and social network services (SNS) and users' opinions on using the devices. All of the 31 municipalities in Gyeonggi Province were included as a spatial range, and the final validity sample was 1,004 residents. The extent of the relationship with people is selected as a dependent variable through the multinomial logistic model and the decision tree model. As a result of the multinomial logistic analysis on the questionnaire, the characteristics of the respondents with some changes in the scope of the human relationship were found to have a significant (+) effect on conversation with family, SNS usage, residence in the rural area but not urban area, and device usage for obtaining news. The largest variable affecting the extent of relationship was the SNS usage. As the amount of SNS usage increases, the extent of the relationship also changes a lot.

• The Journal of the Convergence on Culture Technology
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• v.8 no.4
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• pp.239-252
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• 2022

While college students have great difficulties in preparing for their careers due to the long-term COVID-19 period and the 4th Industrial Revolution, research on positive psychological capital and self-determination factors for employment is insufficient. Based on this, this study aims to investigate the relationship between positive psychological capital and career preparation behavior through self-determination factors for college students. This study conducted a questionnaire for 350 people from April 1 to April 10, 2022, and a total of 345 copies were used for the final analysis, excluding five questionnaires for omission of records. As a result of the study, first, among positive psychological capital, hope had a positive effect on self-determination, but self-efficacy had a positive effect only on competence, and optimism had a positive effect on relationship. have been shown to affect And resilience was found to have a positive effect on autonomy and relationship. Second, among the factors of self-determination, autonomy had a positive effect on both career preparation behavior, and the relationship was found to have a positive effect only on the conversation of career preparation behavior. Using the results of this study, it is expected that it can be used as basic data for the direction and policy for college students to prepare for employment.