• Journal of the Korean Wood Science and Technology
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• 제29권4호
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• pp.25-32
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• 2001

관행열기건조방식으로는 결함없이 건조가 불가능한 목공예용 단척 통나무를 건조할 수 있는 마이크로파-진공 건조기를 개발하였다. 이 건조기는 크게 출력 1.5 kW와 주파수 2,450 MHz인 마그네트론 3개와 600리터/분 진공펌프, 100 kg 로드셀, 그리고 폭과 높이가 각각 580 mm, 길이가 1,360 mm인 cavity로 구성되어 있다. 목재건조속도는 마그네트론 주사시간과 정지시간의 비율에 따라 결정되도록 되어 있다. 건조기의 성능을 실험하기 위해 직경 12.5~25 cm, 길이 25~50 cm의 리기다소나무, 은사시나무, 그리고 자작나무 통나무를 건조하였다. 건조결과 약간의 건조결함이 있었으나 비교적 양호하였으며 매우 짧은 시간에 건조할 수 있었다. 또 오리나무와 물푸레나무 생재로 된 제기용 선반가공목은 함수율 4%까지 결함없이 건조할 수 있었다. 통나무길이에 따른 마이크로파-진공 건조의 속도도 은사시나무를 이용하여 비교하였다.

• 한국세라믹학회지
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• 제32권9호
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• pp.1047-1055
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• 1995

Mn-Zn ferrite granules were formed by a spray-drying method of the slurry containing different kinds and concentrations of binders at various temperatures. The slurry was made by conventional ceramic processing method, that is, by mixing Fe2O3, MnO, ZnO powders (52 : 24 : 24 mol%), calcining and milling. Typical shape of the spray dried granules was spherical. The compaction behavior of these granules was dependent on the spray-drying temperature and the kind and concentration of binders. At lower pressure the granules were displaced and at higher pressure the granules were deformed and fractured to fill pores among the granules. The optimum concentration of the binder was 0.5wt%. The granules containing 0.5wt% PVA 205 were deformed and fractured well and the green density was higher than others. At higher concentrations of the binder the granules were deformed rather than fractured, therefore the green density was lowered because of the remaining unfilled pores. The decomposition temperature and the heat released were increased with increasing the concentration of the binders. The compaction response of the granules containing PVA 205 was more efficient than those containing PVA 217 and PVA 117. Green density was not dependent on the degree of hydrolysis of the binders. The compaction response of the granules spray-dried at 15$0^{\circ}C$ was most efficient.

• Journal of the Korean Wood Science and Technology
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• 제17권3호
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• pp.67-81
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• 1989

This experiment was carried out to know the mothod of changing the step of moisture content schedule with time in conventional kiln drying. For the purpose of this object. we made drying model by applying the moisture diffusion model by J.FSiau(1984) to average moisture content equation by J.Crank(1956) derived it from Fick's second law. And to verify this method of drying model. 2.5cm-thick boards and 5.0cm-thick dimension lumbers of Pinus densiflora were kiln-dried with the schedule of T11-C3 and T10-C4, respectively. And then the drying rates were investigated and compared with those calculated from drying model. The results obtained were as follows 1. Average drying rate and total drying time of board to dry to 6.5% moisture content were 0.64%/hr and 109hr., and those of dimension lumber to dry to 8.3% moisture content were 0.4%/hr. and 162hr., respectively. 2. The moisture content of shell and core decreased by equalizing treatment and increased by conditioning treatment both on board and dimension lumber. But the moisture gradient was lower after conditioning than after equalizing. 3. As the drying was proceeded, the transverse bound water diffusion coefficient all but linearly decreased, the water vapor diffusion coefficient abruptly curvilinearly increased, while the transverse diffusion coefficient curvilinearly decreased both on board and dimension lumber. But each of diffusion coefficients on board was larger than that on dimension lumber. 4. Compared to experimential drying rate of board. theoretical drying rate was larger at 30.0%-21.8% moisture content range and was similiar at 21.8%-5.4% moisture content. And in case of dimension lumber, the drying rate was similiar at 30.0%-16.1% moisture content range but theoretical drying rate was much lower at 16.1%-8.3% moisture content range. 5. The possibility of adapting this drying model to changing the moisture content schedule step with time was in the range of 21.8%-5.4% moisture content on board. And in the case of dimension lumber that was in the range of 30.0%-16.1% moisture content.

• 한국연초학회지
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• 제21권1호
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• pp.5-9
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• 1999

In recent years, the line of increase in policy on tobacco production triggered a rise in the loading volume per bulk curing barn, and manufacturers boosted the output of their blowers in order to prevent dirty leaves in the process of curing. for this reason, we studied the effect of the reducing air flow in bulk curing chamber from the color fixing stage to the stem drying stage of flue curing process on physical properties of cured leaves. The control of air flow was composed of the reducing air velocity of blower by means of a voltage regulator (slidac), and condition before color fixing stage was all the same with the conventional curing method. As a result, an effectiveness of improvement in the physical properties of cured leaves were observed. The leaves cured by this method were somewhat orange in color of upper stalk position, better bodied, and less brittle compared with the leaves produced by conventional curing. However, the leaves cured by this method had a little sharpness and harshness. As to the physical properties, there was decreased in occurrence of flat leaves than that of conventional ones. On the other hand, in case of reducing air flow during the curing process, increase of price per kg reached to about 5 % compared with those of conventional curing method.

• 대한환경공학회지
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• 제34권12호
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• pp.821-827
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• 2012

슬러지 공기건조장치는 외기로부터 공기를 흡입/송풍하여 이젝터(Ejector) 및 다단 사이클론(Multi-Cyclone)에서 슬러지를 건조하는 시스템이다. 즉 공기건조장치는 외기의 조건에 따라 시스템 성능 변화가 클 뿐 아니라 개루프(Open-Loop) 구조로 되어 있어 에너지 소모량이 큰 단점이 있다. 이를 해결하기 위한 방안으로 공기건조장치의 분리기 후단에 응축기(Condenser), 냉각기(Cooler), 압축기(Compressor)로 구성된 제습기를 장착하여 송풍-건조-제습-송풍으로 순환하는 폐루프(Closed-Loop) 공기건조 기술을 개발하였다. 기존의 공기건조와 비교하여 본 기술의 특성을 비교 분석한 결과, 본 시스템의 공기는 외기에 비하여 약 50% 이상의 에너지를 더 많이 함유하고 있었다. 또한 공기가 시스템 내에서 순환하기 때문에 슬러지 건조에 공급하는 공기의 질을 일정하게 유지할 수 있어 시스템을 안정적으로 운용할 수 있을 것으로 분석되었다. 그리고 경제성을 분석한 결과, 폐루프 공기건조장치를 이용하여 슬러지 1톤을 건조하는데 소요되는 비용은 기존의 건조장치에 비하여 약 35% 절감되는 것으로 파악되었다. 따라서 본 기술은 에너지 소모량이 적고, 일정한 품질의 공기를 송풍할 수 있어 시스템의 안정적으로 운전할 수 있는 기술로 평가된다.

• 한국산학기술학회논문지
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• 제19권6호
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• pp.37-45
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• 2018

전기자동차는 내연기관 자동차와는 달리 배출가스가 없어 친환경 차량을 대표하지만, 장착된 축전지에 충전된 전기로 구동되기 때문에, 1회 충전으로 갈 수 있는 거리가 전지의 에너지 밀도에 의해 좌우된다. 따라서 높은 에너지 밀도를 갖는 리튬이온 배터리가 전기구동자동차용 전지로 많이 사용하고 있다. 리튬이온 배터리의 효율을 지배하는 중요한 구성품은 전극이므로 전극 제조공정은 리튬이온 배터리 전체생산 공정에서 중요한 역할을 한다. 특히 전극의 제조 공정 중 건조공정은 성능에 큰 영향을 미치는 매우 중요한 공정이다. 본 논문에서는 전극제조에서 건조공법의 효율성 및 생산성 증대를 위한 혁신적인 공정을 제안하고, 장비 설계 방법 및 개발 결과에 대하여 기술하였다. 구체적으로, 극판 결착력 향상 기술, 대기압 과열증기 건조 기술, 그리고 건조로 폭 슬림화 기술들에 대한 설계 절차 및 개발방법을 제시하였다. 결과로 세계최초의 개방형/일체형 대기압 과열증기 Turbo Dryer 양산기술 확보를 통해 전기차 전지용 극판 고속건조기술을 확보 하였다. 기존의 건조공정과 비교할 때 건조로 길이 생산성을 향상시켰다 (건조 Lead Time 0.7분(分) ${\rightarrow}$ 0.5분(分)기준).

• 대한전기학회:학술대회논문집
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• 대한전기학회 1997년도 하계학술대회 논문집 C
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• pp.1308-1310
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• 1997

Several methods for electrode fabrication of phosphoric acid fuel cell(PAFC) have been studied. The conventional methods that include a coating method and a rolling method, have disadvantages of a very complicated drying process and a hot pressing process for making a large electrode. In this study, to solve these problems, the mixing method of coating and rolling processes has been developed. In the mixing method, the electrode was coated on the electrode support and, after drying the coated layer, was rolled at room temperature and then sintered at $350^{\circ}C$. The single cell performances of the electrodes fabricated by several methods were examined and the mixing method appeared a good cell performance of 0.65 V, $260\;mA/cm^2$. Also the single cell with an area of $2000\;cm^2$ was manufactured and its performance attained 0.593 V, 300 A.

• 한국조리학회지
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• 제20권3호
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• pp.13-21
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• 2014

본 연구에서는 순환형 감압건조 및 초고압 추출공정을 이용하여 전통적인 기존 추출공정과 비교함으로써 복합 추출공정에 의한 감귤의 항산화 활성 증진을 확인하고자 연구를 수행하였다. 건조공정을 거친 후 초고압 처리 추출물의 수율이 20.41~28.19%로 높은 추출 수율을 나타내어 건조전 열수추출공정(17.21%)과 비교하여 약 1.6배의 높은 추출수율을 나타내었다. 순환형 감압건조와 초고압 공정을 병행하였을 시 총 폴리페놀과 플라보노이드 함량이 순환형 감압건조공정을 거치지 않은 것보다 다소 증가되는 것으로 보아 활성성분의 용출이 증진된 것으로 보인다. DPPH radical 소거 활성은 15분 초고압 처리한 추출물이 48.21%로 높은 활성을 나타내었다. 전처리 공정에 따른 감귤 시료의 주사전자현미경(SEM)을 통해 순환형 감압건조 후 초고압 추출이 감귤 내부 조직까지 영향을 주어 세포벽이 깨어지면서 조직 및 구조가 변화한 것으로 판단되며, 이를 통해 수율 및 활성 성분의 용출 증가가 이루어 진 것으로 사료된다. 따라서, 감귤의 건조 및 초고압 추출공정의 최적화를 통한 활성물질의 추출 극대화를 통해 추출수율을 향상시킬 것으로 판단된다.

• Geomechanics and Engineering
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• 제11권6호
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• pp.739-756
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• 2016

The shear strength reduction finite element method (SSRFEM) is a powerful tool for slope stability analysis. The factor of safety (FOS) of the slope can be easily calculated only through reducing effective cohesion (c′) and tangent of effective friction angle ($tan{\varphi}^{\prime}$) in equal proportion. However, this method may not be applicable to soil slope under wetting-drying cycles (WDCs), because the influence of WDCs on c′ and $tan{\varphi}^{\prime}$ may be different. To research the method of estimating FOS of soil slopes under WDCs, this paper presents an experimental study firstly to investigate the effects of WDCs on the parameters of shear strength and stiffness. Twelve silty clay samples were subjected to different number of WDCs and then tested with triaxial test equipment. The test results show that WDCs have a degradation effect on shear strength (${\sigma}_1-{\sigma}_3)_f$, secant modulus of elasticity ($E_s$) and c′ while little influence on ${\varphi}^{\prime}$. Hence, conventional SSRFEM which reduces c′ and $tan{\varphi}^{\prime}$ in equal proportion cannot be adopted to compute the FOS of slope under conditions of WDCs. The SSRFEM should be modified. In detail, c′ is merely reduced among shear strength parameters, and elasticity modulus is reduced correspondingly. Besides, a new approach based on sudden substantial changes in the displacement of marked nodes is proposed to identify the slope failure in SSRFEM. Finally, the modified SSRFEM is applied to compute the FOS of a slope example.

• Bulletin of the Korean Chemical Society
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• 제33권10호
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• pp.3208-3212
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• 2012

Controlled drug delivery systems employing microparticles offer lots of advantages over conventional drug dosage formulations. Microencapsulation technique have been conducted with biodegradable polymers such as poly(lactic-co-glycolic acid) (PLGA) and poly(lactic acid) (PLA) for its adjustable biodegradability and biocompatibility. In this study, we evaluated two techniques, oil-in-water (o/w) emulsion solvent evaporation and spray drying, for preparation of polymeric microparticles encapsulating a newly synthesized drug, SS-AG20, for the long-term drug delivery of this low-molecular-weight drug with a very short half-life. Drug-loaded microparticles prepared by the solvent evaporation method showed a smoother morphology; however, relatively poor encapsulation efficiency and drastic initial burst were discovered as drawbacks. Spray-dried drug-loaded microparticles had an imperfect surface with pores and distorted portions so that its initial burst was critical (70.05-87.16%) when the preparation was carried out with a 5% polymeric solution. By increasing the concentration of the polymer, the morphology was refined and undesirable initial burst was circumvented (burst was reduced to 35.93-74.85%) while retaining high encapsulation efficiency. Moreover, by encapsulating the drug with various biodegradable polymers using the spray drying method, gradual and sustained drug release, for up to 2 weeks, was achieved.