• 대한치과보철학회지
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• 제50권4호
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• pp.243-248
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• 2012

연구 목적: 본 연구의 목적은 임플란트 지대주 연결에 사용되는 기성품 나사와 맞춤형 나사의 풀림 토크를 비교하는 것이다. 연구 재료 및 방법: 세가지 임플란트 시스템에(Osstem, Astra, Zimmer) 대해 고정체와 지대주의 연결에 기성품 나사군(대조군)과 맞춤형 나사군(실험군)으로 총 6군(n = 6)으로 나누었다. 조임 토크조절은 디지털 토크 측정기를 이용하였으며 각 임플란트 제조사가 추천한 조임 토크 값을 적용하였다. 체결 10분 후 동일한 조임 토크를 다시 적용하고 5분 후에 풀림 토크력을 측정하였다. 이 과정을 10회 반복 측정하였다. 반복 하중 실험에서는 6개 군(n = 3)에 대해 체결 10분 후 2차 조임 토크를 적용하고 $30^{\circ}$ 경사로 50 N 하중으로 총 1,000,000번 반복 하중을 가하였다. 반복 하중 적용 이후 풀림 토크값을 측정하였다. 통계 방법으로는 10회 반복 측정에서 풀림 토크값의 차이를 비교하기 위해 repeated measures of ANOVA test (${\alpha}$=.05)를 사용하였고, 반복 하중 후 풀림 토크값의 차이를 비교하기 위해서 각 시스템별 Independant t-test로 통계 처리하였다. 결과: 모든 군에서 반복 횟수가 증가할수록 풀림 토크값이 유의성 있게 감소하는 것으로 나타났다(P<.05). 10회 반복 측정 실험에서는 세 종류의 임플란트에서 대조군(기성품나사)과 실험군(맞춤형 나사) 간에 풀림 토크값은 유의차가 없었다(P>.05). 반복 하중 실험에서 세가지 시스템에서 대조군과 실험군 간의 풀림 토크력은 유의한 차이가 없었다(P>.05). 결론: 반복 측정된 풀림력 검사와 반복 하중을 적용 후 풀림력 검사에서 맞춤형 나사와 기성품 나사의 풀림력은 유의한 차이가 없었다.

• 대한전자공학회:학술대회논문집
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• 대한전자공학회 2002년도 ITC-CSCC -1
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• pp.486-489
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• 2002

This paper proposes a tabu search (TS) algorithm to optimal weight selection in design of robust H$_{\infty}$ power system stabilize. (PSS), In H$_{\infty}$ control design, the weight selection and the representation of system uncertainties are the major difficulties. To cope with these problems, TS is employed to automatically search for the optimal weights. On the other hand, the normalized coprime factorization (NCF) is used. The H$_{\infty}$ controller can be directly developed without ${\gamma}$-iteration. Also, the pole-zero cancellation phenomena are prevented. The performance and robustness of the proposed PSS under different loading conditions are investigated in comparison with a robust tuned PSS by examining the case of a single machine infinite bus (SMIB) system. The simulation results illustrate the effectiveness and robustness of the proposed PSS.

• 제어로봇시스템학회:학술대회논문집
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• 제어로봇시스템학회 1990년도 한국자동제어학술회의논문집(국제학술편); KOEX, Seoul; 26-27 Oct. 1990
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• pp.1250-1255
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• 1990

This paper discusses an optimal cyclic scheduling problem for a FMC (Flexible Manufacturing Cell) modeled by a two-machine flowshop with two machining centers with APC's (Automated Pallet Changers), an AGV (Automated Guided Vehicle) and loading and unloading stations. Cyclic production in which similar patterns of production is repeated can significantly reduce the production lead-time and WIP (Work-In-Process) in such flexible, automated system. Thus we want to find an optimal cyclic schedule that minimizes the cycle time in each cycle. However, the existence of APC's as buffer storage for WIP makes the problem intractable (i.e., NP-complete). We propose an practical approximation algorithm that minimizes, instead of each cycle time, its upper bound. Performances of this algorithm are validated by the way of computer simulations.

• Journal of Advanced Marine Engineering and Technology
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• 제38권5호
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• pp.573-580
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• 2014

The electrical reliability of the power generation and distribution system of Floating Liquefied Natural Gas vessels has been analyzed according to the operating modes using Electrical Transient Analysis Program in this paper. Electricity is used for the topside processes, cargo pumps for off-loading, thrusters for heading control and marine equipment. It is very important to improve the safety, efficiency, and stability of the electrical power system for successful operation. The voltage variation of the high and the low voltage bus shall be within the primitive limitation range at normal operation loads both in steady state and in the transient state. The power system was simulated and compared with class rule for design verification.

• 한국산업융합학회 논문집
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• 제16권4호
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• pp.133-140
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• 2013

This paper presents an overview of the concepts of optimal feeder design in relation to the loading of bulk solids for Automatic filling system that should be control the amount of goods and packaging to seal. Feeder modular device, important parts of the package, so in order to perform a conceptual design optimization techniques are applied in two steps. First of all derive the problems through structural analysis for the conceptual model of vibrating feeder. Secondly derive reasonable design model based on the results of the structural analysis of modified boundary shape and then verify it. The proposed system has the following goal that is satisfies the dynamic stability with minimum weight and optimization of the shape. As a result, the weight reduction of feeder is 2.1% and 7% increase in the natural frequency.

• 대한조선학회 특별논문집
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• 대한조선학회 2005년도 특별논문집
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• pp.134-137
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• 2005

Recently, in VLCC, shafting system is stiffer due to large engine power whereas hull structure is more flexible due to scantling optimization, which can be suffered from alignment damage by incompatibility between shafting and hull, In this study, shafting system without stern tube forward bush was adapted for less sensitive system against external factors. Also, shaft alignment analysis was considered with hull deflection at various ship loading conditions and stern tube after bush of long journal bearing was evaluated by static squeezing pressure and dynamic oil film pressure with sloping control. Whirling vibration was also reviewed to avoid resonance with propeller blade order. So, reliable shafting design for VLCC could be achieved through optimized alignment analysis for the system without stern tube forward bush.

• 제어로봇시스템학회:학술대회논문집
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• 제어로봇시스템학회 1994년도 Proceedings of the Korea Automatic Control Conference, 9th (KACC) ; Taejeon, Korea; 17-20 Oct. 1994
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• pp.593-596
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• 1994

When a force impulse acting on a massive and plex object is measured with a dynamometer, be resonant vibration of the measurement system often leads to serious inaccuracies. A more accurate measurement is obtained when the transfer function ,of the object-dynamometer system is used to compensate for the error in the dynamometer's output signal. The natural frequency and the damping coefficient of the transfer function are estimated by analyzing the waveform of the free damped vibration period after the loading of the force has ended. The residue of the system is determined such that the compensated force spectrum becomes smooth within a neighborhood of the natural frequency. The effectiveness of this signal processing method is experimentally tested on a hammer impulse, under the assumption that the hammer's high resonant frequency accurately models the problems encountered in force impact measurement. The compensation method is used to derive a improved estimate of the hammer impulse.

• 한국항해항만학회지
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• 제34권4호
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• pp.271-279
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• 2010

The Mobile Harbor(MH) is a new transportation platform that can load and unload containers to and from very large container ships in the sea. This loading and unloading by crane can be performed with only very small movements of the MH in waves because MH is operated outside of the harbor. For this reason, an anti-rolling tank(ART) and an active mass driving system(AMD) were designed to reduce MH's roll motion, especially at the natural frequency of MH. In the conceptual design stage, it is difficult to confirm the design result of theses anti-rolling devices without modeling and simulation tools. Therefore, the coupled MH and anti-rolling devices' dynamic equations in waves were derived and a simulation program that can analyze the roll reduction performance in various conditions, such as sea state, wave direction, and so on, was developed. The coupled equations are constructed as an eight degrees of freedom (DOF) motion that consists of MH's six DOF dynamics and the ART's and AMD's control variables. In order to conveniently include the ART's and AMD's control dynamics in the time domain, MH's radiated wave force was described by an impulse response function derived by the damping coefficient obtained in the frequency domain, and wave exciting forces such as Froude-Krylov force and diffraction force and nonlinear buoyancy were calculated at every simulation time interval. Finally, the roll reduction performances of the designed anti-rolling devices were successfully assessed in the various loading and wave conditions by using a developed simulation program.

• 대한조선학회논문집
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• 제36권2호
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• pp.61-71
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• 1999

본 연구에서는 조수간만의 차가 큰 항만에 적합한 새로운 하역 시스템을 제안하였다. 새로운 하역 시스템은 기존의 갑문 이용 방식 대신에 일종의 유압 엘리베이터를 사용함으로써 조수간만의 차에 따라 변하는 선박의 높이로 실시간 제어하여 선적 흑은 하역을 하는 방식이다. 한번에 대량의 컨테이너를 처리하기 위해 컨테이너 팔레트 운송타를 도입함으로써 기존 시스템에 비해 시간당 처리능력을 높일 수 있고, 선적 및 하역의 전 과정을 자동화함으로써 작업 효율을 극대화할 수 있도록 하였다. 새로운 하역 시스템의 개념 입증을 위해 소형 하역 시스템 모델을 설계 제작하였다. 제작된 모델은 컨테이너 팔레트 운송차, 플랫폼과 리프트 칼럼의 복합 구조물, 그리고 전용 운반선으로 구성된다. ER(electro-rheological) 밸브-실린더에 의해 구동되는 플랫폼은 조수간만의 차와 과도에 의해 변하는 선박의 높이를 능동적으로 추적 제어하게 된다. 동적 모델성을 통해 플랫폼의 운동 지배 방정식을 도출하였고, 파도 가진으로 인한 선박의 거동 및 조수간만의 차를 모델링하였다. 선적 및 하역의 자동화와 플랫폼의 정확한 위치 제어를 위해 시퀀스 제어기와 PID(proportional-integral-derivative) 위치 제어기가 연계된 제어 시스템을 구성하였다. 컴퓨터 시뮬레이션과 실험을 통해 제안된 하역 시스템의 유용성을 입증하였다.

• 한국환경과학회지
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• 제20권5호
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• pp.589-598
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• 2011

Milyanggang mid-watershed is located in downstream of Nakdong river basin. The pollutants from that watershed have an direct effect on Nakdong river water quality and it's control is important to manage a water quality of Nakdong river. A target year of Milyanggang mid-watershed water environment management plan is 2013. To predict a water quality at downstream of Milyang river, we have investigated and forecasted the pollutant source and it's loading. There are some plan to construction the sewage treatment plants to improve the water quality of Milyang river. Those are considered on predicting water quality. As results, it is shown that the population of Milyanggang mid-watershed is 131,857 and sewerage supply rate is 62.2% and the livestock is 1,775.300 in 2006. It is estimated that the population is 123,921, the sewerage supply rate is 75.5% in 2013. The generated loading of BOD and TP is 40,735 kg/day and 2,872 kg/day in 2006 and discharged loading is 11,818 kg/day and 722 kg/day in 2006 respectively. Discharged loadings were forecasted upward 1.0% of BOD and downward 2.7% of TP by 2013. The results of water quality prediction of Milyanggang 3 site were 1.6 mg/L of BOD and 0.120 mg/L of TP in 2013. It is over the target water quality at that site in 2015 about 6.7% and 20.0% respectively. Consequently, there need another counterplan to reduce the pollutants in that mid-watershed by 2015.