• 한국사회복지학
• /
• 제64권4호
• /
• pp.113-136
• /
• 2012

본 연구는 문화복지 실천가들을 대상으로 그들이 실천유형에 따라 어떠한 방식으로 역량강화전략을 구사하고 있는지를 심층적으로 분석하였다. 분석결과 문화복지 실천가들은 우선 문화복지를 불안정한 휴먼서지스직이라는 인식을 하고 있는 것으로 나타났다. 또한 문화복지 실천가의 활동 유형을 크게 전문적 참여활동가와 기능적 참여활동가로 유형화 할 수 있으며, 이들은 하나의 연속선상에서 양극단에 위치한 것으로 볼 수 있다. 때문에 문화복지 실천가의 역량강화 전략은 이들의 실천유형에 따라서 차이가 있는 것으로 밝혀졌다. 이들의 역량강화전략과 관련하여서는 이를 순기능적으로 진작시켜주는 촉진요소가 있는가 하면, 역기능적으로 작용하는 저해요소가 있는 것으로 나타났다. 이들 실천가들은 역량강화를 위해서 그들이 전문직군으로 인정받을 수 있도록 하는 공식적인 요건 마련과 그들에게 맞는 다양한 교육스펙트럼을 높일 것을 제안하고 있다. 문화복지 실천가들의 역량강화 인식을 분석한 본 연구는 향후 이들에 대한 교육과 슈퍼비전, 인력양성정책에 기초자료를 제공하고 있다는 점에서 의의가 있다.

• 한국사회복지학
• /
• 제60권3호
• /
• pp.129-150
• /
• 2008

본 연구는 노인장기요양보험제도 2차 시범사업 결과를 바탕으로 우리나라 노인의 요양시설 서비스 이용에 영향을 미치는 요인을 탐색해 보고자 하였다. 이론적 모형으로는 앤더선과 뉴만(Andersen and Newman)의 행동주의 모델을 토대로 하여 영향요인을 구분하였으며, 연구방법은 의사결정분석을 이용하였다. 분석결과 서비스 이용에 가장 큰 영향을 미치는 것은 대상 노인의 서비스 이용의향이었으며, 이러한 선행요인 다음 중요한 요인으로 자원 요인(수발자 있음 및 동거가족 여부)으로 나타났다. 욕구요인으로는 인지장애가 있는 경우, 치매로 인한 문제행동이 있는 경우, 기본적 일상생활수행능력에 있어 완전도움을 받아야 하는 경우로 나타났다. 이러한 분석결과는 앤더슨과 뉴만의 행동주의 이론의 과정을 그대로 보여주고 있음을 알 수 있는데, 즉 선행요인과 자원요인에 의해 서비스 이용형태가 달라지며, 이러한 선행요인과 자원요인은 욕구요인과 결합하여 실제 서비스 이용에 영향을 주는 것으로 나타났다. 이를 통해 본 연구는 시설 서비스 이용 대상자의 욕구요인을 정확히 파악하여 이에 적절한 서비스 내용을 구축하고 지역사회 내 시설서비스 이용노인을 선별하는데 기초 자료를 제공하는데 기여하고자 한다.

• 천문학회보
• /
• 제36권2호
• /
• pp.65-65
• /
• 2011

Early-type galaxies represent the end point of galaxy evolution and, despite pervasive residual star formation, are generally considered "red and dead", that is composed exclusively of old stars with no star formation. Here, their molecular gas content is constrained and discussed in relation to their evolution, supporting the continuing importance of minor mergers and/or cold gas accretion. First, as part of the Atlas3D survey, the first complete, large, volume-limited survey of CO in normal early-type galaxies is presented. At least of 23% of local early-types possess a substantial amount of molecular gas, the necessary ingredient for star formation, independent of mass and environment but dependent on the specific stellar angular momentum. Second, using CO synthesis imaging, the extent of the molecular gas is constrained and a variety of morphologies is revealed. The kinematics of the molecular gas and stars are often misaligned, implying an external gas origin in over a third of all systems, more than half in the field, while external gas accretion must be shot down in clusters. Third, many objects appear to be in the process of forming regular kpc-size decoupled disks, and a star formation sequence can be sketched by piecing together multi-wavelength information on the molecular gas, current star formation, and young stars. Fourth, early-type galaxies do not seem to systematically obey all our usual prejudices regarding star formation (e.g. Schmidt-Kennicutt law, far infrared-radio continuum correlation), suggesting a greater diversity in star formation processes than observed in disk galaxies and the possibility of "morphological quenching". Lastly, a first step toward constraining the physical properties of the molecular gas is taken, by modeling the line ratios of density- and opacity-sensitive molecules in a few objects. Taken together, these observations argue for the continuing importance of (minor) mergers and cold gas accretion in local early-types, and they provide a much greater understanding of the gas cycle in the galaxies harbouring most of the stellar mass. In the future, better dust masses and dust-to-gas mass ratios from Herschel should allow to place entirely independent constraints on the gas supply, while spatially-resolved high-density molecular gas tracers observed with ALMA will probe the interstellar medium and star formation laws locally in a regime entirely different from that normally probed in spiral galaxies.

• 천문학회보
• /
• 제36권2호
• /
• pp.73.2-73.2
• /
• 2011

We present a new database of absorption and emission-line measurements based on the entire spectral atlas from the Sloan Digital Sky Survey (SDSS) 7th data release of galaxies within a redshift of 0.2. Our work makes use of the publicly available penalized pixel-fitting(pPXF) and gas and absorption line fitting (gandalf) IDL codes, aiming to improve the existing measurements for stellar kinematics, the strength of various absorption-line features, and the flux and width of the emissions from different species of ionized gas. Our fit to the stellar continuum uses both standard stellar population models and empirical templates obtained by combining a large number of stellar spectra in order to fit a subsample of high-quality SDSS spectra for quiescent galaxies. Furthermore, our fit to the nebular spectrum includes an exhaustive list of both recombination and forbidden lines. Foreground Galactic extinction is implicitly treated in our models, whereas reddening in the SDSS galaxies is included in the form of a simple dust screen component affecting the entire spectrum that is accompanied by a second reddening component affecting only the ionised gas emission. Most notable of our work is that, we provide quality of the fit to assess reliability of the measurements. The quality assessment can be highly effective for finding new classes of objects. For example, based on the quality assessment around the Ha and [NII] nebular lines, we found approximately 1% of the SDSS spectra which classified as "galaxies" by the SDSS pipeline are in fact type I Seyfert AGN.

• Journal of Communications and Networks
• /
• 제13권6호
• /
• pp.552-566
• /
• 2011

The Internet is a very successful modern technology and is considered to be one of the most important means of communication. Despite that success, fundamental architectural and business limitations exist in the Internet's design. Among these limitations, we focus on a specific issue, the lack of manageability, in this paper. Although it is generally understood that management is a significant and important part of network and service design, it has not been considered as an integral part in their design phase. We address this problem with our future Internet management architecture called highly manageable network and service architecture for new generation (HiMang), which is a novel architecture that aims at integrating management capabilities into network and service design. HiMang is highly manageable in the sense that it is autonomous, scalable, robust, and evolutionary while reducing the complexity of network management. Unlike any other management framework, HiMang provides management support for the revolutionary networks of the future while maintaining backward compatibility for existing networks.

• Geomechanics and Engineering
• /
• 제14권4호
• /
• pp.307-314
• /
• 2018

Strength of loess that experienced cyclic freeze and thaw is of great significance for evaluating stability of slopes and foundations in loess regions. This paper takes the frequently encountered loess in the Northwestern China as the study object and carried out three kinds of laboratory tests including freeze-thaw test, direct shear test and SEM test to investigate the strength behaviors of loess after cyclic freeze and thaw, and the correlation with meso-level changes in soil structure. Results show that for loess specimens at four dry densities, the cohesion decreases with freeze-thaw cycles until a residual value is reached and thus an exponential equation is proposed. Besides, little change in the angle of internal friction was observed as freeze-thaw proceeds. This may depend on the varying of soil structure, based on which a clue can be found from the surface morphology and mesoscopic scanning of loess specimens. Clearly we observed significant changes in surface morphology of loess and it tends to aggravate at higher water contents or more cycles of freeze and thaw. Moreover, freeze-thaw cycling leads to obvious changes in the meso-structure of loess including lowering the particle aggregates and increasing both the proportion of fine particles and porosity area ratio. A damage variable dependent on the ratio of porosity area is introduced based on the continuum damage mechanics and its correlation with cohesion is discussed.

• Structural Engineering and Mechanics
• /
• 제42권5호
• /
• pp.715-728
• /
• 2012

This paper deals with determining the fundamental frequency of tall buildings that consist of framed tube, shear core, belt truss and outrigger systems in which the framed tube and shear core vary in size along the height of the structure. The effect of belt truss and outrigger system is modeled as a concentrated rotational linear spring at the belt truss and outrigger system location. Many cantilevered tall structures can be treated as cantilevered beams with variable cross-section in free vibration analysis. In this paper, the continuous approach, in which a tall building is replaced by an idealized cantilever continuum representing the structural characteristics, is employed and by using energy method and Hamilton's variational principle, the governing equation for free vibration of tall building with variable distributed mass and stiffness is obtained. The general solution of governing equation is obtained by making appropriate selection for mass and stiffness distribution functions. By applying the separation of variables method for time and space, the governing partial differential equation of motion is reduced to an ordinary differential equation with variable coefficients with the assumption that the transverse displacement is harmonic. A power-series solution representing the mode shape function of tall building is used. Applying boundary conditions yields the boundary value problem; the frequency equation is established and solved through a numerical process to determine the natural frequencies. Computer program has been developed in Matlab (R2009b, Version 7.9.0.529, Mathworks Inc., California, USA). A numerical example has been solved to demonstrate the reliability of this method. The results of the proposed mathematical model give a good understanding of the structure's dynamic characteristics; it is easy to use, yet reasonably accurate and suitable for quick evaluations during the preliminary design stages.

• 한국전산구조공학회논문집
• /
• 제31권2호
• /
• pp.105-114
• /
• 2018

본 연구에서 페리다이나믹 이론 모델을 이용하여 준정적하중과 동적 하중, 균열전파와 분기균열 패턴 그리고 등방성재료, 직교 이방성 재료의 균열 진전 해석 등 다양한 조건을 고려한 전산 시뮬레이션을 수행하여 그 적합성을 검토하였다. 초기 균열은 없지만 중심에 홀이 있는 등방성 재료, 초기 균열이 존재하는 등방성 및 이방성 재료에 대한 전산 시뮬레이션이 수행되었다. 조정 동적 완화 기법이 사용되어 준정적 하중을 모사하였고, 이방성 재료 해석에서는 고전 연속체 역학과 페리다이나믹의 변형률 에너지를 고려한 균질화 방법이 사용되었다. 균열 전파와 분기 균열이 성공적으로 확인되었으며 파괴 거동의 시작과 그 방향 역시 페리다이나믹 이론으로 확인되었다. 페리다이나믹을 균질화 방법을 사용하여 비교적 복잡한 이방성 재료에 적용한 경우 역시 실험 결과 값과 비교하여 검증하였다.

• 암석학회지
• /
• 제10권1호
• /
• pp.13-26
• /
• 2001

이 연구는 송악산 화산의 층서에 따라 시료를 채취하여 암석기재, 암석화학적 변화를 추적하여 이 화산의 암석학적 진화를 밝히는 것이다. 송파산 화산은 응회환, 분석구, 용암연, 소분석구로 구성되는 작은 단성복식화산이다. 조성변화는 응회환의 안산암 성분에서 분석구와 용암연의 조면현무암 성분에 이른다. 응회환에서의 안산암은 분출시에 폭발지점에서 석영 등의 외래물질 혼입으로 다소 이탈된 깃이며 이를 고려하면 원래 마그마 조성이 조면현무암에 가까운 조면안산암이다. 따라서 조성변화는 조면안산암에서 조면현무암까지 변하며, 제주도 화산암류에서 널리 인식되는 가상 진화된 조성과 더 원시적인 조성 사이의 연속선에 놓인다. 그러나 전체적으로 이들은 분츨전에 조성이 조면안산암에서 조면현무암으로 누대된 마그마저장소에서 유래된 것으로 생각되며, 이 조성누대는 알칼리 마그마에서 분별결정작용에 의해 초래된 것이다. 결론적으로 송악산 화산은 조성누대된 마그마저장소의 상단으로부터 출조되고 다음에 계속적으로 아래의 더 원시적인 마그마를 분출하였다.

• 한국전산구조공학회:학술대회논문집
• /
• 한국전산구조공학회 2007년도 정기 학술대회 논문집
• /
• pp.577-582
• /
• 2007

A variational formulation for plane elasticity problems is derived based on an isogeometric approach. The isogeometric analysis is an emerging methodology such that the basis functions in analysis domain arc generated directly from NURBS (Non-Uniform Rational B-Splines) geometry. Thus. the solution space can be represented in terms of the same functions to represent the geometry. The coefficients of basis functions or the control variables play the role of degrees-of-freedom. Furthermore, due to h-. p-, and k-refinement schemes, the high order geometric features can be described exactly and easily without tedious re-meshing process. The isogeometric sensitivity analysis method enables us to analyze arbitrarily shaped structures without re-meshing. Also, it provides a precise construction method of finite element model to exactly represent geometry using B-spline base functions in CAD geometric modeling. To obtain precise shape sensitivity, the normal and curvature of boundary should be taken into account in the shape sensitivity expressions. However, in conventional finite element methods, the normal information is inaccurate and the curvature is generally missing due to the use of linear interpolation functions. A continuum-based adjoint sensitivity analysis method using the isogeometric approach is derived for the plane elasticity problems. The conventional shape optimization using the finite element method has some difficulties in the parameterization of boundary. In isogeometric analysis, however, the geometric properties arc already embedded in the B-spline shape functions and control points. The perturbation of control points in isogeometric analysis automatically results in shape changes. Using the conventional finite clement method, the inter-element continuity of the design space is not guaranteed so that the normal vector and curvature arc not accurate enough. On tile other hand, in isogeometric analysis, these values arc continuous over the whole design space so that accurate shape sensitivity can be obtained. Through numerical examples, the developed isogeometric sensitivity analysis method is verified to show excellent agreement with finite difference sensitivity.