• Journal of the Korean Home Economics Association
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• v.42 no.9
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• pp.85-97
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• 2004

The effect of consumers' environmental conservation behavior on the purchase of pro-environmental and used products. This study utilized a representative, large data sample to determine consumers' environmental conservation behavior, and purchase of pro-environmental and used products. Differences in these behavioral traits were investigated by socio-demographic variables. In addition, this study investigated the effect of consumers' environmental conservation behavior on the purchase of pro-environmental and used product. The major result were as follows. First, the level of consumers' environmental conservation behavior was low, and consumers did not buy pro-environmental and used products frequently. Second, unemployed married women, consumers with very low or high level of education and high income, consumers older than 40's, and consumers living in apartments showed lower levels of environmental conservation behavior. Third, consumers who were married, dissatisfied with their environmental living conditions, or irrational were more likely to buy pro-environmental products. Men, young, and rational consumers were more likely to buy used products. On the other hand, the level of environmental behavior did not influence the purchase of pro-environmental and used products. The high level of behavior for environmental conservation did not result the purchase of pro-environmental and used products.

• Journal of the East Asian Society of Dietary Life
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• v.20 no.3
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• pp.481-490
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• 2010

The shock of melamine-contained food has been known with the incident of hospitalization or death of infants at the age of 11-month old in China. The purpose of this study was to examine consumers' risk perception, attitude and purchase behavior of melamine-contained food which recently came to the fore as a social issue, focusing on the relationship between consumers' attitude and purchase behavior based on physical risk, social risk, psychological risk, financial risk, consumers' attitude and purchase behavior. Study findings are as follows. First, the four factors of risk perception of melamine-contained food were significantly different by consumers. Consumers regarded social risk as most significant and it was followed by financial risk and psychological risk. And they regarded physical risk as most insignificant. Second, as for the difference of risk perception by demographic features, such factors as gender, age, marital status and schooling had no statistically significant influence. Third, the potential risk of melamine-contained food had a negative influence upon consumers' attitude and purchase behavior. In addition, consumers' attitude and purchase behavior were decided by perceived risks. This finding implies that consumers' attitude can accompany with negative or positive behavior and consumers' behavior can be related to social, financial and physical risks. Because the risk perception of melamine-contained food can cause consumers' distrust about all kinds of food in general, domestic manufacturers of milk product-contained confectionery and food can be harmed. In order to overcome this problem and make consumers purchase all the milk products and milk-contained food without fear, governmental agencies must reestablish systems with which the safety of imported raw materials and its processing can be insured and manufactures must improve the quality of products in a diverse and discriminative manner. This study seems to be meaningful in that it examined consumers' risk perception of melamine-contained food, a current social issue, and then looked into the influence of risk perception upon consumers" attitude and behavior, thus presenting the strategy of reestablishing the system of relationship between consumers and business entities in a desirable manner.

• The Journal of Industrial Distribution & Business
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• v.12 no.11
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• pp.17-31
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• 2021

Purpose: Despite the fact that face (i.e. Chemyon) is deeply-rooted in Korean culture and significantly affects the behavior of Korean people, the effect of face on leisure consumers' consumption behavior has only reported mixed findings, that is, significant and/or insignificant face effects have been reported. It is necessary to integrate prior research findings, and comprehensively examine the effect of face on leisure consumers' consumption behavior. The purpose of this study was to investigate the effect (i.e. effect size, and moderating variables) of face on leisure consumers' consumption behavior through meta-analysis. Research design, data and methodology: Among 1,019 face-related academic studies, retrieved from the academic research information services (RISS), 34 studies and 300 cases examining the effect of face on leisure consumers' consumption behavior were finally included for meta-analysis. Face measured as face sensitivity and/or a face sensitivity sub-component (shame-consciousness, formality-consciousness, and other-consciousness) were integrated in the meta-analysis. Leisure consumers' consumption behavior was classified as antecedents of purchase (overall conspicuous consumption tendency, overall symbolic consumption tendency, personality, high price, high quality, brand seeking, fashion seeking, enjoyment, other person (interpersonal) consideration, position, reference group, and attitude), purchase (purchase intention, unplanned purchase, purchase, and expenditure), and post-purchase (satisfaction, repurchase, and post-purchase). The data used in the meta-analysis was comprised of correlation coefficients, and the meta-analysis was performed using the R-program. Results: The overall mean effect size of face on leisure consumers' consumption behavior was .248. It was found that the effect size was the largest in the order of shame-consciousness face, formality-consciousness face, and other-consciousness face. Among the types of leisure consumers' consumption behavior categorized as dependent variables, the effect size was found to be largest in the order of position, attitude, reference group, post-purchase behavior, brand seeking, personality, trend seeking, etc. In addition, it was found that the leisure types moderated the effect size of face on leisure consumers' consumption behavior. The effect size was found to be largest in the order of skin diving, baseball, various leisure participation, dance, gambling, golf, etc. Conclusions: Face moderately or significantly influence leisure consumers' consumption behavior.

• Korean Journal of Human Ecology
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• v.13 no.4
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• pp.569-579
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• 2004

This study categorizes consumers by the style of consumers' purchase behavior, and examines the differences in consumers' attitudes toward environment and pro-environmental behavior in the stage of purchase, usage, and disposal. The results of this study are summarized below: First, The style of consumers' purchase behavior can be categorized on a basis of four factors: fashioned-demonstrative consumer group focusing on fashion and demonstration effects when purchasing; rational consumer group more likely to concern price, quality, and product function; indifferent consumer group having no interest in purchasing; and fashioned-functional consumer group who values not only fashion but function. Second, the result of investigating the differences of consumers' attitudes toward environment reveals that the level of concern and awareness for environment is highest in rational consumer group, but lowest in indifferent consumer group. Also, it is higher in fashioned-functional consumer group than in fashioned-demonstrative consumer group. Lastly, the level of pro-environmental behavior in the stage of purchase, usage, and disposal is highest in rational consumer group, but lowest in indifferent consumer group. The level of pro-environmental behavior in usage stage is inactive in fashioned-demonstrative consumer group, whereas that in disposal stage is active in fashioned-functional consumer group for fashioned-demonstrative consumer group. It was so, especially in the area of not-being-a-litterbug.

• Journal of Distribution Science
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• v.11 no.12
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• pp.71-81
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• 2013

Purpose - This study investigated the effects of consumers' selection criteria for environment-friendly agricultural products on purchase intention and the effects of consumers' attitudes and the reliability of environment-friendly agricultural products on purchase intention by using the theory of planned behavior. Subjective norms of variables of behavioral intention, attitudes toward behavior and control of the behavior were used to create selection criteria, consumers' attitudes and reliability of environment-friendly agricultural products. The study investigated the effects of consumers' selection criteria, attitudes, and reliability of environment-friendly agricultural products on purchase intention constructing models and hypotheses of mediation and moderation between selection criteria for agricultural products and purchase intention by consumers' attitudes and reliability. Research design, data, and methodology - The findings were as follows: first, consumers' selection criteria for environment-friendly agricultural products had a significantly affirmative influence upon purchase intention. Health was the most important factor of selection criteria convenience was more important than quality and familiarity was next. Consumers' attitudes and trust had a significant influence on purchase intention. Second, testing showed that consumers' attitude and trust partially mediated selection criteria: sub-factors and purchase intention were important in selection criteria. Third, testing showed that consumers' attitude and trust had a significant moderation effect between selection criteria and purchase intention. In the test of the moderation effect between sub-factors of selection criteria and purchase intention, consumers' attitude had a significantly positive influence upon health, convenience, and familiarity, and had no significant influence upon quality and purchase intention. Consumers' trust had no significant influence upon health, convenience, and quality. Results - The study provided several theoretical implications: first, an empirical analysis was undertaken with selection criteria for environmental-friendly agricultural products, consumers' attitude, and trust to investigate subjective norms, attitude toward behavior and control of behavior based on the theory of planned behavior. Second, this study investigated both the mediation effect and moderation effect of consumers' subjective norms on attitudes toward behavior, the mediating effects of perceived behavior control and changes of behavioral intention depending upon size and direction of the variables. This study also provided several practical implications. Conclusions - First, consumption of environment-friendly agricultural products did not increase despite rapid increase of production therefore, promotion of consumption and distribution was needed considering the supply and demand of the products. Second, definite standards for selection criteria were suggested to build up consumers' attitude and trust. Consumers' attitude could be improved by factors including the brand of environment-friendly agricultural products, consistent quality, solving physiological problems caused by adverse effects of environmental problems, supplementary approaches, treatment of adverse effects by eating food, and the development and supply of products in accordance with changes of lifestyle. Finally, consumers' demand for sub-factors of selection criteria could be much higher than health, convenience, and quality of the products. Therefore, a process was needed that could continuously check consumers' needs for the products. Limitations were described at the end of the study.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Costume
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• v.53 no.6
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• pp.87-99
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• 2003

The purpose of this study was to investigate the purchase behavior of fashion merchandise and purchase evaluative criteria in regard to apparel type of Chinese women consumers, and to provide effective basic data for push into the Chinese market. The subject used for the study were 20-40 aged women living in china. 848 data were analyzed factor analysis, one-way ANOVA. t-test and correlation with SPSS package. The results of this study were as follows. 1. As the purchase behavior of fashion merchandise of Chinese women consumers were found out four groups of factors that were named "pursuit mass media", "pursuit fashion", "pursuit brand", and "pursuit price". 2. Chinese women consumers bought fashion merchandise with evaluating three groups of factors that were "for functional", "for aesthetic" and "for external". 3. The purchase behavior of fashion merchandise of Chinese women consumers was correlated with purchase evaluative criteria.nese women consumers was correlated with purchase evaluative criteria.

• Korean Journal of Human Ecology
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• v.14 no.1
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• pp.81-94
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• 2005

With an analysis of recent, nationwide data, this study figured out the level of consumers' pro-environmental behavior and investigated tile behavioral determinants in the hight of purchase, use, and disposal of pro-environmental goods. The major results are as below: Married consumers or consumers in their 40s were more likely to purchase pro-environmental goods. Consumers with high income-for example, over 3 million won per month-were less likely to purchase such goods. Married women or 40s/50s consumers tended not to buy used goods. Males than females, non-married than married, employed than unemployed had a higher pro-environmental behavior in the use stage. Furthermore, in the disposal stage, male than female, married than non-married, young than old, and consumers with low income than high income showed more active pro-environmental behavior. The purchasing behavior of pro-environmental goods was supported by both perspectives of rational behavior and social behavior. On tile other hand, the purchasing behavior of used goods was supported only by rational behavior perspective. It is also revealed that personal value perspective, along with the above two, influences the pro-environmental behavior in the stage of use and disposal. Overall, a high level of pro-environmental behavior was detected in such consumers as rational, public rule-abiding in favor of environmental policy, and also in consumers with strong family values or those with less materialistic value.

• International Journal of Human Ecology
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• v.5 no.2
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• pp.81-91
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• 2004

The purpose of this study is to evaluate consumer use of unit price information introduced in Korea 1999. A total of 571 observations were analyzed by frequency, percent, and paired t-test using SPSS. The main findings are (1) consumers use unit price information to make better purchase decisions, (2) consumers with higher than average attentiveness in purchase behavior utilize unit price information to make better buying decisions, and (3) consumers with higher than average knowledge utilize unit price information to make better buying decisions. (4) Also if either attentiveness in purchase behavior or consumer knowledge is lower than average, unit price information helped consumers make better purchase decisions. (5) However, there was no difference among those consumers with below average or above average attentiveness and knowledge.

• Human Ecology Research
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• v.54 no.6
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• pp.599-610
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• 2016

The purposes of this study are to identify the characteristics of limited edition fashion consumers, to analyze their purchase decision-making processes, and to examine negative factors of consumers' recognition toward limited edition fashion products. A qualitative investigation was conducted by doing in-depth interviews with 11 selected consumers in their twenties and thirties who have actively purchased and consumed limited edition fashion products. The results of this study can be summarized as follows. First, there are four sub-categories of appearance management activity, acceptance of fashion trend, information-seeking behavior, and hedonic shopping orientation for the limited edition fashion consumers' characteristics. Second, the purchase decision-making process of limited edition fashion consumers are identified as seven steps: need recognition, information search, evaluation of alternatives, planning and courtship, purchase, post-purchase evaluation, and post-purchase behavior. Courtship/attachment formation and post-purchase behavior are unique steps when compared to general purchase decision-making process. Third, this study identified negative factors of consumers' recognition toward limited edition this study in order to suggest several improvement plans for enterprises using limited marketing. Four sub-categories are examined: outrageous price, tricks of company, fatigue due to purchasing competition, and re-sellers. In conclusion, this study indicates that the purchase decision-making process of limited edition consumers, which involves two distinctive steps including courtship/attachment formation and post-purchase behavior, can be differentiated from general consumers. The results of this study provides preliminary data for further research for in-depth analysis of limited edition consumers.

• Journal of the Korean Home Economics Association
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• v.34 no.4
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• pp.1-19
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• 1996

The purpose of this study is to clarify the tendency of impulse buying behavior and the consumer psychological characteristic factors which arouse impulse purchase and the difference in exploratory behavior according to the degree of impulse buying behaviors. For this purpose existing studies on impulse buying behaviors, consumer stimulation levels and exploratory behaviors were theoretically reviewed. And field survey was carried out for this study; 353 women impulse consumers were selected by convenience sampling method. The summarized main results of this study are as follows; 1) In relative perspectives, the consumers who has high degree of impulse buying behavior was favor of sensory buying behavior but, was lack of planned and rational buying behaviro. 2) The optimal stimulation level of high-impulse consumers is higher than that of low-impulse consumers. Especially, optimal stimulation level of impulse consumers is significantly higher than their life-style stimulation level. This means that impulse consumers are consider to a stimulation seeker. 3) The high-impulse consumers have high exploration through shopping, high information seeking behavior, high interpersonal communication level, high risk taking behavior and particulary high sensory exploratory patterns in purchase exploratory behaviors than that of low-impulse consumers.