• Journal of Korean Society of Rural Planning
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• v.28 no.4
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• pp.93-104
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• 2022

Agriculture is one of the most vulnerable sector to droughts, and drought damage on the agriculture sector could have effects on other sector. Droughts have different characteristics compared to other extreme events, which means more sophisticated methods considering the characteristics of droughts are required when measuring their damage. The purpose of this study is to analyze the damage of droughts based on limited computational general equilibrium model. To be specific, we constructed a CGE model focusing on the agriculture sector in Korea. Also, to limit changes in land use and labor, we limited them, and assume droughts only have effects on productivity of value-added. Lastly, we simulate drought effects on rice production in Korea based on several climate scenarios and GCM to identify the economic effects of droughts. The results show that 1) the cumulated damage of droughts during 2021~2040 is higher than other periods (2040~2061, 2081~2100), 2) the correlation between the damage of droughts and SSP scenarios is insignificant. This result implies the necessity of the effective drought risk management to prevent future droughts effects, irrespective of mitigation policies. 3) Due to increases in rice price, GDP of rice sector is increased. However, GDP of the other sector and consumer welfare are decreased. This result show that indirect effects of droughts would be more important when measuring drought effects on agriculture sector.

• The Journal of Society for e-Business Studies
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• v.17 no.4
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• pp.17-37
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• 2012

The evolution of the IT facilitated the social actions of the consumers by supporting social communication of the online users. At the same time it help for the consumer to post malicious comments on the Internet or to spread the unproven news for distorting the public opinion in the SNSs. Although the number of the consumer unethical behaviors and the estimated damage of the innocent companies have been increased, a few studies had investigate on this issue. Based on the Literature on the consumer unethical behaviors and the institution based trust, we had developed the defense strategies against the consumer unethical behaviors. This study would introduce the new perspective that the consumer could always not be innocent. Also, the defense strategy developed in this study could contribute to make the guideline for consumer service manual.

• Journal of Information Technology Services
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• v.21 no.6
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• pp.73-89
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• 2022

After COVID-19, the percentage of digital consumption has soared. Meanwhile, as the online platform market grows in size and digital commerce is activated, controversy over the "dark pattern" that induces consumers to do unintended things online continues. Dark patterns are deceptive design patterns that cause consumer rights and financial damage and can result in damaging fair market competition. As a result, the need to regulate dark patterns is raised not only by overseas regulators but also in Korea, and there are growing calls for strengthening consumer protection against dark patterns, with amendments to related laws being proposed by the National Assembly. On the other hand, there is no agreed definition of dark pattern from a normative point of view, and there is a concern that even legitimate advertising marketing activities of companies may be regulated, so a review of dark pattern regulatory measures is required. In this study, dark patterns were reviewed from a normative point of view and appropriate regulatory measures were analyzed. In particular, the problem of the dark pattern can be applied in a way that the market regulates and controls itself in consideration of the characteristics of the online platform. This study reviewed the possibility of self-regulation for dart patterns and proposed the role of each subject.

• Journal of Arbitration Studies
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• v.20 no.1
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• pp.67-85
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• 2010

On-line ADR is to use means of settling disputes online to settle disputes happened on-line or off-line. It gave important opportunity for engaging in a commercial transaction to small group or individual. If it uses judiciary proceeding, it will cost too much, complicate and take considerable time. So, because of these reasons, OECD even encourage on-line ADR as a mean for relieving consumer's damage actively on e-commerce. Korea is also trying to introduce on-line ADR partially or completely in Korea Consumer Agency, The National IT Industry Promotion Agency, The Korean Commercial Arbitration Board. However, Korea's on-line ADR is more insufficient than advanced country's. Nevertheless, because on-line needs to introduce, this study suggests the problem and plan centering the type and the present condition of on-line ADR.

• Journal of the Korean Home Economics Association
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• v.25 no.1
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• pp.93-104
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• 1987

The purpose of this study is to analyze the problems of present general clause to bring about consumer damages and to search for means to regulate general clause. For the purpose of this study, datas of the research on the actual condition about various trade general clause were used. And the research about various trade general clause was enforced by the government from September to December in 1984. The kind of general clause of an object of analysis is credit card, sales by visit, insurance trade, and travel intercession. As the result of analysis, many problems are found in every general clause and consumer damage by general clause are proved to be a serious state. As the means of the regulation of general clause, there are judicial regulation, administrative regulation, legislative regulation, and the establishment of a supervision committee of general clause. These four means must be cooperated mutually for the substantial regulation.

• Journal of the Korean Home Economics Association
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• v.34 no.5
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• pp.67-84
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• 1996

This study examined two laws protecting consumer's safety, the 'Product Liability Law' and 'Legal Regulations on Recall Service.' and investigated the need for and importance of the laws. Second, the requirements regarding the procedures for implementing these laws were reviewed. Regarding the 'Product Liability Law', the study considered how the damage and injury of consumers caused by defects in production would be compensated and under what conditions. Regarding the law to regulate Recall service, this study reviewed when and how producers must recall their products because of their defects. Finally, the directions for enacting these laws were suggested, and several difficulties arising from their enactment were considered. Several suggestions were made to enact these two raws in order to enhance comsumer safety, consumer sovereignty, and consumer well-being.

• Human Ecology Research
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• v.53 no.6
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• pp.655-665
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• 2015

This study classified respondents by food-lifestyle and investigated differences in diet-related attitudes and demographic variables among food-lifestyle groups. Diet-related attitudes consisted of variables such as interest in diet, trial number of diet, diet period, weight loss, diet motivation, verification of products approved by the Ministry of Food and Drug Safety, verification of manufacturer's reliability, examination of damage cases and side effects, and awareness of consumer protection law. This study administered a questionnaire survey to adults between the ages of 20 and 39 who lived in Daegu and Uijeongbu from November 17th to December 14th 2014. Data collected from 293 respondents were analyzed using descriptive statistics, factor analyses, cluster analysis, analysis of variance (ANOVA) and chi-square tests. Four clusters (passive eating habit group, active eating habit group, convenience oriented group, and taste and health oriented group) were developed according to four factors of food-lifestyle (health-conscious, popularity-seeking, taste-seeking, convenience-seeking). The results of the ANOVA and chi-square tests indicated significant differences in interest in diet, awareness of consumer protection law, verification of products approved by the Ministry of Food and Drug Safety, verification of manufacturer's reliability, examination of damage cases and side effects, gender, education levels and household monthly income levels among food-lifestyle groups.

• Korean Journal of Human Ecology
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• v.15 no.5
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• pp.849-858
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• 2006

This research aimed to survey problems related to the elderly's purchasing trends and habitual use of health food; it was in order to effectively prevent the monetary and health damage to the elderly of health foods. In February 2006, the data were collected from 271 of the elderly people living in Goyang-si, Kyunggi-Do. The results of the study indicated: first, more than 50% of the respondents had much interest in health foods, and 42.8% of them answered they were taking health foods. Second, about 62% of 116 respondents who were taking health foods were taking one kind of them, for the purpose of maintaining and improving their health condition. Third, the major information regarding health foods was acquired from their family members, relatives and friends, or TV, radio and journals. Lastly, 75% of respondents even did not know whether there was a relief system for damage related to health foods.

• The Korean Society of Law and Medicine
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• v.12 no.2
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• pp.163-187
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• 2011

On March 11, 2011, the Korea National Assembly finally passed the bill on the Damage Relief on the Medical Malpractice and Mediation for Medical Dispute. One of the features of this Act is including "The Subrogation Payment System for Damage (abbreviated SPSD)". This System is that 'Korean Medical Dispute Mediation-Arbitration Board' pays the damages, instead of the health care provider, for the patient who isn't paid damages by the health care provider despite of the Mediation or ruling. The purpose of this study is to search the problems and make improvement on SPSD. This System was introduced extreamly to the patients in order to induce them to the mediation. However,there remains several problems. In this articles, I have examined thoroughly the legal issues on SPSD. There are legal issues about the methods and ratio of the financial burden. In this connection, wide discretionary authority has been granted to administrative agencies specifically. On this account, this System clearly contains elements of a violation against the Constitutional Law. Moreover, this System can be broadly applied to the case of court ruling or the Korea Consumer Agency's mediation. But these measures go against the aim of legislation that the medical dispute can be resolved through the mediation or arbitration by this Act. In the end, these problems must be revised through the additional discussion.

• Journal of Convergence Society for SMB
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• v.4 no.4
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• pp.13-18
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• 2014

The usage rate of user due to advances in smartphone development is higher than the usage rate to use a PC. However, smartphone usage popularized research to protect sensitive information, such as smart phone users personal information, financial information is a small state. In this paper, we analyzed the various vulnerabilities in smartphone studies to date have been looking into the corresponding port smart consumer dispute resolution methods and criteria for smartphone security attack methods and analysis. In particular, the threat of such a network, malware, Peep attack of the security threats arising from the smartphone they can avoid or mitigate threats to minimize the smartphone security damage is done to the disclosure of personal information, such as direct damage or financial loss the analysis of that method.