• 인간식물환경학회지
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• 제22권6호
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• pp.551-561
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• 2019

This study was conducted to find out differences in the removal efficiency of particulate matter (PM) depending on the type of plants and the morphological characteristics of leaves. A total of 12 plants were used, with three plants selected for each type of leaves (big leaf, small leaf, compound leaf, needle leaf). We measured the removed amount of PM10 and PM2.5, the structure of the abaxial leaf surface, and the weight of the wax layer of each plant. Plants with the high removal efficiency of PM included Pachira aquatica Aubl., Ardisia crenata, and Dieffenbachia 'Marianne', and plants with the low removal efficiency included Nandina domestica Thunb, Schefflera arboricola, and Quercus dentata. The abaxial leaf surface having a high removal efficiency of PM had many large wrinkles, and the abaxial leaf surface having a medium removal efficiency was flat and smooth. On the other hand, there were many fine hairs on the abaxial leaf surface with a low removal efficiency. According to the plant leaf type, the PM10 removal efficiency of plants with needle leaves was about three times higher than that of other plants. In particular, the wax layer of conifers weighed 6-24 times higher than those of other plants. The stomata of conifers were evenly distributed on the adaxial and abaxial leaf surfaces; however, the stomata of Sciadopitys verticillata appeared in the form of papillae unlike general stomata. Therefore, the removal efficiency of PM varied depending on the macro-, and micro-morphological characteristics of plant leaves such as the structure of the abaxial leaf surface, and the weight of the wax layer. Based on this research, selecting plants that are effective in reducing PM in consideration of the plant type and leaf characteristics will improve indoor air quality and decrease exposure of PM to human body.

• Journal of the Korean Wood Science and Technology
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• 제40권2호
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• pp.133-140
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• 2012

The antifungal activities of the essential oils from Pinus densiflora, Pinus koraiensis, Abies holophylla, Larix kaempferi, Cryptomeria japonica and Chamaecyparis obtusa against Aspergillus fumigatus were evaluated. Essential oils were extracted from each conifer leaves for 8 h using water distillation method. The essential oil from A. holophylla appeared the strongest antifungal activity among the six oils with MIC value 0.125 mg/$m{\ell}$. The composition of the A. holophylla oil was analysed by GC/MS and then MIC was determined for main constituents of the oil. As the results, borneol and ${\alpha}$-bisabolol, which have a hydroxyl group, showed effective antifungal activities against A. fumigatus (0.25 mg/$m{\ell}$). In addition, the synergistic antifungal effects were observed in the combination of borneol and ${\alpha}$-bisabolol.

• The Korean Journal of Ecology
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• 제17권3호
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• pp.415-424
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• 1994

Community structure, size and age distribution of tree species of the subalpine Korean fir (Abies koreana) forest at the elevation of 1, 400~1, 700m were strudied in the north-west side of Chonwangbong Peak (1915m) in Mt. Chiri for the purpose of better understanding of the population dynamics of Abies koreana. Eight 20m X 20m permanent quadrats were established in 1991, and trees $\geq$ 2.5cm DBH for all species were marked with numbered aluminum tag, and saplings of Korean fir and Korean pine (Pinus koraiensis) were also tagged with aluminum sheet. These two conifer species comprised more than 60% of the total density and total basal area of the community. Quercus mongolica and Acer pseudo-sieboldianum were subdominats. Oridination study showed that cool temperate species such as Sorbus commixta, Betula costata, Acer tschonoskii and Acer ukurunduense occurred in close association with Abies koreana and Pinus koraiensis. Major tree species, especially Abies koreana and Pinus koraiensis, were well represented in samller size classes, indicating that they were regenerating well. Age distributuion of the Abies koreana and Pinus koraiensis showed that the former has longer physiological longevity than the latter, and that establishment were episodic and varied with sites, which implies the importance of the role of natural and artificial disturbances in this Abies kireana forest.

• Animal Systematics, Evolution and Diversity
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• 제5권1호
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• pp.13-24
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• 1989

본 연구는 한국의 침엽수에 기생하는 응애과에 대한 분류학적 검토를 위하여 실시되었다. 전국 16개 지역에서 19종의 송백류로부터 채집된 표본을 정리한 결과 다음과 같이 7종의 응애가 동정되었다. 1. Panonychus citri(McGregor) 귤응애, 2. Oligonychus clavatus(Ehara) 소나무응애(신칭), 3. O.hondoensis(Ehara) 삼나무응애(신칭), 4. O. pustu-losus(Ehara) 혹등삼응애(신칭), 5. O.Karamatus(Ehara) 낙엽송잎응애, 6. O.perditus Pritchard and Baker 향나무잎응애, 7. O.ununguis(Jacobi) 전나무잎응애. 그중 소나무응애, 삼나무응애, 혹등삼응애는 한국 미기록종이었다.

• 식물조직배양학회지
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• 제27권4호
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• pp.299-307
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• 2000

A large amount of information is currently available for somatic embryogenesis of plants. However, one common problem related to somatic embryos is that the conversion rate can be low for some species. Apical meristems are responsible for post-embryonic growth of the embryo. The low percentage observed is most likely a result of poor apical meristem development or defects in the meristem organization during somatic embryogenesis. In flowering plants, apical meristems are well developed by the late heart stage of zygotic embryo development. In conifers, such as white spruce, apical meristems are formed at the pre-cotyledon stage. Thus, apical meristem development occurs very early, prior to the maturation stage of embryo development. Once formed, meristems are stably determined. In the somatic embryo, as exemplified by white spruce, since embryo development is not synchronous, tissue differentiation including apical meristem formation occurs throughout the“maturation”stage. Different apical meristem organizations can be found among different individuals within a population. In contrast to their zygotic counterparts, the apical meristems appear not to be stably determined as their organization, as the shoot apical meristem especially, can be easily modified or disrupted. Precocious germination seldom results in functional plantlets. All these observations suggest that the conditions for somatic embryo maturation have not been optimized or are not suitable for meristem formation and development. The following strategies could improve meristem development and hence conversion: 1. Simulate in ouuio conditions to promote meristem development prior to the“maturation”treatment.2. Prevent deterioration of apical meristem organization during somatic embryo maturation.3. Promote further meristem development during embryo germination.

• Journal of Plant Biology
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• 제34권1호
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• pp.9-18
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• 1991

본 연구는 자연상태에서 자란 12종의 왜소개체에 있어 목부구조의 변이에 대한 왜소생장의 영향을 검토하였다. 통수요소 및 섬유의 길이와 접선직경이 정상개체보다 왜소개체에서 더 짧고 좁게 나타났다. 방사조직의 높이도 정상개체보다 왜소개체에서 낮았다. 동일 연륜의 방사폭과 연륜내 세포수는 정상개체보다 왜소개체에서 좁고 적었다. 송백류에서 춘재에 대한 추재의 비는 정상개체보다 왜소개체에서 높게 나타났다. 피자식물의 도관요소의 mesomorphy 정도는 정상개체보다 왜소개체에서 낮았다. 이와 같이 왜소생장은 수분결핍과 같은 환경요인에 의해 극도로 느린 생장을 한 결과로 해석된다.

• 한국조경학회지
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• 제27권4호
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• pp.143-150
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• 1999

The purpose of this research is to find som ways to model tree forms more efficiently in reference with surveying structural data and handling parameters in plant Editor of AccuRender, the AutoCAD-based rendering software adopting the procedural plant modeling technique. In case of modelling a new tree, because it is efficient to modify an existing tree data as a template, we attempted to classify 81 species' data from existing plant library including conifers and deciduous tree. According to the qualitative characteristics and quantitative parameters of geometrical and branching structure, 8 types of tree form were classified with factor and cluster analysis. Some critical aspects found in the distributions of standardized scores of parameters in each type were discussed for explaining the tree forms intuitively. For adaptability of the resulted classification and typical parameters, 10 species of tree were measured and modelled, and proved to be very similar to the real structures of tree forms. CG or CAD-based plant modelling technique would be recommended not only as a presentation tool but for planting design, landscape simulation and assessment.

• 한국인쇄학회지
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• 제28권2호
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• pp.1-11
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• 2010

The physicochemical characteristics, adhesion power, and conservation of imported tapes repairing documents that consisted of adhesive, carrier, and masking were investigated. Materials related to pressure sensitive adhesive produced in domestic companies were examined also. And then, the performance evaluation of prototype manufactured in our laboratory was undertaken. Both the pressure sensitive tapes were compared. The polyacrylate of adhesive agents such as polyacrylate, starch, Glue, and PVA of imported tapes was best. The adhesion strength, power, reversibility, and stability (deterioration) of imported tapes were analyzed. By comparing results of imported tapes, two adhesive agents were selected finally. The carriers of imported tapes are made of one of papers, cotton sheets, and felts. Major carrier material was a paper. The jutes, conifers, and hardwoods were main ingredient of papers. The durability of Hangi($18{\pm}2g/m^2$) was one and half times superior to imported one.

• 한국지구과학회지
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• 제30권4호
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• pp.444-453
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• 2009

충북 영동 지역에 분포하는 하부 백악계 영동층군에서 식물화석이 많이 산출되었다. 영동 식물군은 이번에 처음 산출된 Pseudofrenelopsis의 자성생식기관과 웅성생식기관을 포함하여 Frenelopsis cf. alata, Pseudofrenelopsis cf. parceramosa, P. cf. varians, Brachyphyllum cf. vulgare, Pagiophyllum sp. 및 Classostrobus sp.의 5속 6종으로 구성된다. 이들은 모두 케이로레피드과에 속한다. 영동 식물군은 전기 백악기 중기-후기에 아열대의 건조한 기후 하에서 번성한 것으로 추정된다.

• 한국제4기학회지
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• 제17권1호
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• pp.1-6
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• 2003

충북 청원군 옥산 소로리 A지구 토탄 II지역 후빙기시대 지층에서 출토된 목편, 가지류 등 156점을 분석하였다. 모두 직경 2cm미만의 작은 나무만이 출토되었는데 출토된 층위는 해발 31.9m-33.1m에 나타난 청회색 찰흑층중 상부에서 나온 것이다 (방사성탄소연대: 8,800 bp). 전체 156점을 식별한 결과 오리나무속 중의 오리나무류 (95%)와 느릅나무속 (5%) 등 2 수종의 활엽수로만 식별되었다. 현재 오리나무와 느릅나무는 한반도의 온대중부와 온대북부에 걸쳐 분포하는 것으로 보아 8,800 bp 당시의 중부내륙의 기후는 현재보다 다습하였던 것으로 보인다.