• 상하수도학회지
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• 제23권5호
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• pp.631-636
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• 2009

This study has its intention to investigate the water quality of non-point source which is runoff from roads. We have classified and selected twelve sites as city road, industrial road, national road and mountain road by considering their traffic volume and surroundings. Water quality was analyzed based on BOD, COD, SS, T-N and T-P and the concentrations were measured by sampling after rainfall with the interval of 10 minutes, 20 minutes, and 30 minutes. BOD was the highest in city road with 57.6 mg/L and the lowest in mountain road with 45.0 mg/L. For COD, the highest concentration in industrial road was 146.5 mg/L and the lowest was in mountain road with 98.0 mg/L. The run off concentration of SS was up to maximum 630.0 mg/L (average 280.4 mg/L) which was remarkable compared to other types of road. It showed its lowest concentration in national road with 76.0 mg/L. T-N and T-P were the highest in industrial road and the lowest in mountain road. We found out that the runoff concentration was high with large amount of traffic volume and it seemed to be high in city road and industrial road where they were largely affected by their surroundings. Relatively, national road and mountain road seemed to show low concentration as they have less traffic volume and less affected by their surroundings.

• 한국축산식품학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국축산식품학회 2005년도 정기총회 및 제35차 춘계 학술 발표대회
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• pp.297-302
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• 2005

Physicochemical properties were compared between freeze concentrated and vacuum evaporated milk through colour, brix, viscosity, freezing point and pH measurement. Brix and viscosity in each concentrated milk significantly increased due to solute concentration(p<0.05), and there was not much difference between freeze concentrated and evaporative one. Brix results were numerically modeled with the logarithmic regression: Y=-33.460+18.4513 ${\cdot}$ ln(X), $R^2=0.9798$ and this model was fairly fit to predict the solute concentration in the middle of freeze concentration process. Freezing point significantly decreased according to concentration increment(p<0.05) and there was not the significant difference between freeze concentrated and evaporated one. Whereas, in colour and pH value, there were some differences between freeze concentrated and evaporative milk. Vacuum evaporated milk expressed higher discoloration comparing to freeze concentrated one. In pH values, evaporated milk showed the significantly decreased results comparing to freeze concentrated sample, whereas the pH value of freeze concentrated sample expressed the similar value to the reference milk.

• 한국연초학회지
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• 제26권2호
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• pp.168-178
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• 2004

Uncertainty of final measurement results considering main uncertainty sources being in nicotine of mainstream smoke was estimated. This study was accomplished by using the ISO 'The Guide to the Expression of Uncertainty in Measurement'. Using the two point re-calibration method, uncertainty for nicotine concentration was calculated considering the uncertainty sources of each step. The concentration and uncertainty of nicotine in mainstream smoke was estimated as $153.95{\pm}17.84\;{\mu}g/mL\;(0.77\pm0.089 mg/cig)$. The expanded uncertainty was $17.84 {\mu}g/mL(\pm0.089 mg/cig).$ The reported expanded uncertainty of the measurement is stated as the standard uncertainty of measurement multiplied by a coverage factor of 2, which for a normal distribution corresponds to a coverage probability of approximately $95\%$ The former expression indicates the conversion concentration into the sample.

• 멤브레인
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• 제6권2호
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• pp.109-116
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• 1996

본 연구는 흡착과 막분리를 결합시킨 혼성 시스템을 폐수처리에 응용하기 위한 기초 연구로서, 페놀을 분말활성탄에 의해 흡착하고, 흡착된 페놀을 활성탄과 함께 정밀여과에 의해 분리하였다. 분말활성탄의 입자크기가 클수록 여과저항은 감소하였으며, 활성탄의 양이 적을수록 단절점(break point) 이전의 투과농도 변화율과 페놀 부하 변화율은 증가하였다. 분말활성탄의 입자크기가 작을수록 활성탄의 외표면적과 경막물질전달계수의 증가로 인해 단절점 전의 투과농도는 감소하였다.

• 한국환경과학회지
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• 제13권9호
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• pp.819-826
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• 2004

In order to elucidate the polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon concentration and its origin in arctic area, four arctic brown algae (Laminaria saccharina, L. digita, Alaria esculenta, Desmarestia aculeata), one marine invertebrate (Echinoidea) and sediments were collected from Kongsfjorden in Spitsbergen from the late July to early August, 2003. In case of macroalgae, the young blade part above growth point and the old stipes and blades beneath growth point were separated and analyzed for polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) in an attempt to check the mechanism of uptake in macroalgae to accumulate PAH. There was no difference in PAH concentrations between sampling sites (Stations B and C), species, and blades beneath and above growth point. PAH concentrations in all samples collected in this study were relatively higher than those reported in other areas of arctic. Especially, station C, which is known as an unpolluted area, showed 10 times higher PAH concentration (8,765 ng/g) in sediment than station A (694 ng/g) around harbor. In addition high PAH concentration, station C had very higher proportion of methylated PAH to parent PAH in sediment than station A. Source analysis using PAH isomer pair ratios as indicators showed that Kongsfjorden area seemed to be relatively contaminated with PAH derived from direct petroleum input.

• 환경위생공학
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• 제10권1호
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• pp.12-24
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• 1995

I tried to evaluate the reason of the monthly variation of water quality according to the hydrologic character of Pal- dang reservoir inflow variation. The result of this study is as below; 1 ) COD, BOD, Total- nitrogen and Total- phosphate concentration increase generally according to the flux and Total- phosphate concentration is the most affected item by flux. 2) COD, BOD, Total- nitrogen and Total- phosphate concentration increase according the flux, but they begin to decrease at the below point ; COD · 1,154 CMS, BOD : 1,007 (CMS cubicmeter per second ) and Inflow- Concentration interrelation formula is as below; table omitted.

• 환경위생공학
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• 제20권3호
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• pp.51-56
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• 2005

Allocation of water pollution load from loading capacity can be much essential, controversial, and its standards can be applied case-by-case to the various situations. Allocation methods to point sources are generally 'Equal effluent concentration', 'Equal percent Treatment', Loading capacity at planning stage consists of basic pollution load, development pollution load, reserved pollution load and margin of safety. But at the implementing stage loading capacity can be consisted of allocatable load and margin of safety to give more flexibility in the total water pollution load management plan. In that case, we can re-adjust and altogether use the pollution load of point sources of series and non-point sources at the implementing stage.

• 대한전기학회논문지:시스템및제어부문D
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• 제54권4호
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• pp.259-266
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• 2005

This paper presents a therapy that uses a constant drug dosage for leading HIV-infected patient to LTNP (Long-Term Non-Progressor). Based on analysis of CTLp (Cytotoxic T Lymphocyte precursor) concentration at equilibrium point and its bifurcation, we found the therapy with a drug whose efficacy is less than a certain level brings higher CTLp concentration at the equilibrium point. We observed a treatment with constant drug dosage whose efficacy is less than full treatment may lead HIV-infected patient to LTNP. It turns out that the treatment whose efficacy is less than full treatment is better in the point of performance on controllability.

• Nuclear Engineering and Technology
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• 제49권8호
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• pp.1636-1644
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• 2017

The main purpose of this article is to describe the magnetohydrodynamic stagnation point flow of Walter-B nanofluid over a stretching sheet. The phenomena of heat and mass transfer are based on the involvement of thermal radiation and chemical reaction. Characteristics of Newtonian heating are given special attention. The Brownian motion and thermophoresis models are introduced in the temperature and concentration expressions. Appropriate variables are implemented for the transformation of partial differential frameworks into sets of ordinary differential equations. Plots for velocity, temperature, and nanoparticle concentration are displayed and analyzed for governing parameters. The skin friction coefficient and local Nusselt and Sherwood numbers are studied using numerical values. The temperature and heat transfer rate are enhanced within the frame of the thermal conjugate parameter.

• 한국방재학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국방재학회 2008년도 정기총회 및 학술발표대회
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• pp.783-786
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• 2008

The main goal of this study is to understand the effects of direct-runoff of chemistry and organic fertilizers which are adsorbing to sediment from farmland and non-point source discharge characteristics which are discharged to stream with soil erosion when rainfalls. pollutographs of TSS, BOD, COD, TN, and TP were measured for 10 rainfall events at watershed. EMC (Event Mean Concentration) were calculated for each rainfall event using quality and quantity measured. The result shows that the EMC ranges of 95% confidence intervals are 50.5-203 mg/L for TSS, 0.8-14.2 mg/L for $BOD_5$, 4.2-20.7 mg/L for $COD_{Mn}$, 0.2-0.5 mg/L for TP, 2.4-4.5 mg/L for TN, 1.36-3.04 mg/L for NO3--N, 0.13-0.42 mg/L for NH4+-N and 0.82-1.77 mg/L for TKN.