• Steel and Composite Structures
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• 제7권1호
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• pp.19-34
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• 2007

This paper presents results of a non-linear finite element analysis of axially loaded slender hollow structural section (HSS) columns, strengthened using high modulus carbon-fiber reinforced polymer (CFRP) longitudinal sheets. The model was developed and verified against both experimental and other analytical models. Both geometric and material nonlinearities, which are attributed to the column's initial imperfection and plasticity of steel, respectively, are accounted for. Residual stresses have also been modeled. The axial strength in the experimental study was found to be highly dependent on the column's imperfection. Consequently, no specific correlation was established experimentally between strength gain and amount of CFRP. The model predicted the ultimate loads and failure modes quite reasonably and was used to isolate the effects of CFRP strengthening from the columns' imperfections. It was then used in a parametric study to examine columns of different slenderness ratios, imperfections, number of CFRP layers, and level of residual stresses. The study demonstrated the effectiveness of high modulus CFRP in increasing stiffness and strength of slender columns. While the columns' imperfections affect their actual strengths before and after strengthening,the percentage gain in strength is highly dependent on slenderness ratio and CFRP reinforcement ratio, rather than the value of imperfection.

• Composites Research
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• 제25권1호
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• pp.19-25
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• 2012

본 연구에서는 압축하중을 받는 원공을 가진 샌드위치 복합재 기둥의 좌굴 거동을 조사하였다. 샌드위치 복합재 기둥은 유리섬유직물/에폭시 면재와 우레탄 폼 심재로 구성되어 있다. 이때 면재 두께는 1.7mm, 심재 두께는 23mm, 37mm, 48mm, 61mm, 그리고 원공 직경은 25mm와 38mm를 고려하였다. 원공 위치가 샌드위치 복합재 기둥의 좌굴 거동에 미치는 영향을 조사하기 위해 직경 25mm인 원공이 시편중앙부에 있는 경우, 시편중앙부를 기준으로 중앙부와 끝단 사이의 1/4 지점에 있는 경우, 시편중앙부를 기준으로 중앙부와 끝단 사이의 1/2 지점에 있는 경우를 고려하였다. 시편중앙부에 직경 25mm인 원공이 있는 경우의 좌굴하중과 최대하중은 원공이 없는 경우보다 10% 정도 낮게 나타나며, 시편중앙부에 직경 38mm인 원공이 있는 경우의 좌굴하중과 최대하중은 원공이 없는 경우보다 30% 정도 낮게 나타났다. 그러나 원공 위치가 좌굴하중과 최대하중에 미치는 영향은 크지 않았다. 주요 파괴 모드는 심재 두께가 23mm와 37mm와 같이 얇은 경우는 심재 전단파괴가 지배적이고 심재 두께가 48mm와 61mm와 같이 두꺼운 경우는 면재-심재 분리가 지배적으로 관찰되었다.

• Structural Engineering and Mechanics
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• 제30권2호
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• pp.211-223
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• 2008

A number of studies have suggested that the use of high ductile and high shear materials, such as Engineered Cementitious Composites (ECC) and High Performance Fiber Reinforced Cementitious Composites (HPFRCC), significantly enhances the shear capacity of structural elements, even with/without shear reinforcements. The present study emphasizes the development of a nonlinear model of shear behaviour of a HPFRCC panel for application to the seismic retrofit of reinforced concrete buildings. To model the shear behaviour of HPFRCC panels, the original Modified Compression Field Theory (MCFT) for conventional reinforced concrete panels has been newly revised for reinforced HPFRCC panels, and is referred to here as the HPFRCC-MCFT model. A series of experiments was conducted to assess the shear behaviour of HPFRCC panels subjected to pure shear, and the proposed shear model has been verified through an experiment involving panel elements under pure shear. The proposed shear model of a HPFRCC panel has been applied to the prediction of seismic retrofitted reinforced concrete buildings with in-filled HPFRCC panels. In retrofitted structures, the in-filled HPFRCC element is regarded as a shear spring element of a low-rise shear wall ignoring the flexural response, and reinforced concrete elements for beam or beam-column member are modelled by a finite plastic hinge zone model. An experimental study of reinforced concrete frames with in-filled HPFRCC panels was also carried out and the analysis model was verified with correlation studies of experimental results.

• Computers and Concrete
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• 제11권1호
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• pp.1-20
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• 2013

There is an abundance of research on the strengthening of reinforced concrete (RC) structural elements such as beams, columns and slabs with fibre reinforced polymer (FRP) composites. Less research by comparison has been conducted on the strengthening of RC beam-column connections and the majority of such research has been predominantly experimental to date. Few existing experimental studies have reported extensive instrumentation of test specimens which in turn makes understanding the behavior of the connections and especially the contributions made by the FRP difficult to ascertain. In addition, there has been even more limited research on the analytical and numerical modelling of FRP-strengthened connections. In this paper, detailed descriptions of key strategies to model FRP-strengthened RC connections with finite elements are provided. An extensively instrumented and comprehensively documented set of experiments on FRP-strengthened connections is firstly presented and finite element models are then constructed using ANSYS. The study shows that the finite element approach is able to capture the overall behavior of the test specimens including the failure mode as well as the behavior of the FRP which will most importantly lead to a detailed understanding of the FRP and the future development of rational analytical models. The finite element models are, however, unable to model the stiffness of the connections with accuracy in the ultimate load range of response.

• Steel and Composite Structures
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• 제19권4호
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• pp.811-827
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• 2015

This paper presents a probabilistic investigation of American and European specifications (i.e., AISC and Eurocode 4) for square concrete-filled steel tubular (CFT) stub columns. The study is based on experimental results of 100 axially loaded square CFT stub columns from the literature. By comparing experimental results for ultimate loads with code-predicted column resistances, the uncertainty of resistance models is analyzed and it is found that the modeling uncertainty parameter can be described using random variables of lognormal distribution. Reliability analyses were then performed with/without considering the modeling uncertainty parameter and the safety level of the specifications is evaluated in terms of sufficient and uniform reliability criteria. Results show that: (1) The AISC design code provided slightly conservative results of square CFT stub columns with reliability indices larger than 3.25 and the uniformness of reliability indices is no better because of the quality of the resistance model; (2) The uniformness of reliability indices for the Eurocode 4 was better than that of AISC, but the reliability indices of columns designed following the Eurocode 4 were found to be quite below the target reliability level of Eurocode 4.

• Earthquakes and Structures
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• 제14권5호
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• pp.379-388
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• 2018

This study aims to identify the effect of both longitudinal reinforcement details and damage level on making a decision of repairing pre-damaged bridge columns using basalt fiber reinforced polymer (BFRP) jackets. Two RC bridge columns with improper details of the longitudinal and/or transverse reinforcement were tested under the effect of a constant axial load and increasing lateral cyclic loading. Test results showed that the lap-splice column exhibited an inferior performance where it showed rapid degradation of strength before achieving the theoretical strength and its deformation capacity was limited; however, quick restoration is possible through a suitable rehabilitation technique. On the other hand, expensive repair or even complete replacement could be the decision for the column with the confinement failure mode. After that, a rehabilitation technique using external BFRP jacket was adopted. Performance-based design details guaranteeing the enhancement in the inelastic performance of both damaged columns were addressed and defined. Test results of the repaired columns confirmed that both reparability and the required repairing time of damage structures are dependent on the reinforcement details at the plastic hinge zone. Furthermore, lap-splice of longitudinal reinforcement could be applied as a key design-tool controlling reparability and restorability of RC structures after massive actions.

• 한국콘크리트학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국콘크리트학회 2008년도 추계 학술발표회 제20권2호
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• pp.957-960
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• 2008

최근 초고층 건축물 등에 적용되는 고강도콘크리트의 내화성능에 대한 문제점이 제기됨에 따라 국토해양부에서는 고강도콘크리트 내화성능 관리 기준을 고시한 바 있으며, 건설업계에서도 이에 대응하기 위해 다양한 기술 검토가 이루어지고 있다. 본 연구에서는 고강도콘크리트의 취약점으로 제기되고 있는 화재시의 폭렬문제에 대한 대응방안으로서 기존 연구를 통해 내화성능이 우수한 것으로 보고되고 있는 ECC 를 영구거푸집으로 활용한 고강도콘크리트의 내화성능을 검토하였다.ECC 영구거푸집을 활용한 고강도콘크리트 기둥부재의 내화성능 검토 결과, 영구거푸집과 고강도콘크리트 계면으로의 열 침투를 제어할 수 있도록 부재 생산 및 구축 방안을 검토하고, ECC의 적정 배합 및 두께를 확보한다면 고강도콘크리트의 내화성능 확보기술로서의 활용이 가능할 것으로 판단된다. 또한, 내화성 영구거푸집으로서의 단순 활용 방안 이외에 ECC의 우수한 물리적 성능을 활용하여구조성능을 분담할 수 있는 방안으로의 지속적 검토가 필요할 것으로 판단된다.

• 콘크리트학회논문집
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• 제25권6호
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• pp.631-639
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• 2013

이 연구에서는 기존에 수행된 시공성과 경제성이 향상되고 중진 지역에서 사용 가능한 새로운 프리캐스트 콘크리트 보-기둥 접합상세의 비선형 유한요소해석이 수행되었다. 해당 상세는 복합구조를 기반으로 함으로써 기둥 내에는 각관을 보유하고 있으며 보에는 강판이 매입되어 있는 복잡한 단면을 보유하고 있다. 또한 콘크리트와 강재뿐만 아니라 ECC라는 새로운 재료를 사용함에 따라 요소의 선택 및 재료모델의 결정에 대한 방법론을 제시하였다. 비선형 유한요소해석은 상용 유한요소해석 프로그램인 ABAQUS를 통해 수행되었으며 요소 및 재료 모델은 ABAQUS에서 제공하는 모델들을 사용하였다. 비선형 유한요소해석 결과 기 수행되었던 실험 결과에 유사하거나 보수적으로 평가함으로써 변수분석에 사용할 수 있을 것으로 판단하였다. 구축된 유한요소해석 모델을 통해 해당 상세의 성능에 대한 압축력의 영향, 휨강도비의 영향에 대해 분석하였다. 압축력의 경우 기둥 압축강도의 10~20%에서 가장 좋은 성능을 발휘할 수 있었으며, 휨강도비 1.2 이상에서 기둥의 항복 없이 보의 소성힌지를 유도할 수 있음을 확인하였다.

• 한국콘크리트학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국콘크리트학회 2005년도 추계 학술발표회 제17권2호
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• pp.29-32
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• 2005

An experimental investigation on the strength and behavior of High Performance Fiber Reinforced Cement Composite(HPFRCC) column with Polyvinyl alcohol(PVA) fibers under axial load have been carried out. The columns were subjected to monotonic axial compression until failure. The variables in this study are the combination ratio of PVA, and the volumetric ratio of transverse reinforcement. Test results showed that the fibers, when used in PVA2.0, could result in superior composite performance compared to their individual fiber reinforced cement composites.

• 한국콘크리트학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국콘크리트학회 2010년도 춘계 학술대회 제22권1호
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• pp.25-26
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• 2010

변형경화형 시멘트 복합체(Strain-hardening cementitious composite, SHCC)는 연성능력이 우수하여 보-기둥 접합부 영역에서 상당한 보강효과가 기대된다. 주요 변수는 시멘트 복합체의 종류(무수축몰탈, 하이브리드 SHCC) 및 보강근의 유무이다. 실험결과, 보강근이 배근된 실험체가 무수축 몰탈 실험체에 비해 전체적으로 성능이 향상된 것으로 나타났다.