• 한국철도학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국철도학회 2007년도 춘계학술대회 논문집
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• pp.132-137
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• 2007

This paper explains compressive behaviors of sandwich composite laminates with adhesively bonded patches. The sandwich composite laminate is used for a train carbody structure and is of an aluminum honeycomb core and CF1263 woven fabric carbon/epoxy faces. The sandwich composite laminates were damaged by low velocity impact. The damaged sandwich composite laminate was repaired using scarf repair method. Then, the strength restoration of it was assessed by compressive test. From the test, it could be known that the compressive strength was restored up to 91% of undamaged one.

• 한국철도학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국철도학회 2010년도 춘계학술대회 논문집
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• pp.1231-1235
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• 2010

The tensile failure behavior of polymer matrix composite materials was investigated with the aid of a nondestructive evaluation (NDE) technique. The materials, E-glass fiber reinforced epoxy matrix composites, which are applicable to carbody materials in railway vehicles to reduce weight, were used for this investigation. In order to explain stress-strain behavior of polymer matrix composite sample, the infrared thermography technique was employed. A high-speed infrared (IR) camera was used for in-situ monitoring of progressive damages of polymer matrix composite samples during tensile testing. In this investigation, the IR thermography technique was used to facilitate a better understanding of damage evolution, fracture mechanism, and failure mode of polymer matrix composite materials during monotonic loadings.

• 한국철도학회논문집
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• 제8권5호
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• pp.411-418
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• 2005

This paper expounds the development of a user-friendly expert system for the optimal stacking sequence design of composite laminates subjected to the various rules constraints. The expert system was realized in the graphic-based design environment. Therefore, users can access and use the system easily. The optimal stacking sequence is obtained by means of integration of a genetic algorithm, finite element analysis. These systems were integrated with the rules of design heuristics under an expert system shell. The optimal stacking sequence combination for the application of interest is drawn from the discrete ply angles and design rules stored in the knowledge base of the expert system. For the integration and management of softwares, a graphic-based design environment that provides multi-tasking and graphic user interface capability is built.

• 한국철도학회논문집
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• 제12권1호
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• pp.110-114
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• 2009

본 연구에서는 스카프 패취가 접착된 복합소재 샌드위치 적층판의 압축강도 회복특성을 평가하였다. 본 연구에서는 알루미늄 허니콤 심재와 CF1263 직조된 탄소/에폭시 면재를 갖는 틸팅열차차체에 적용된 샌드위치 시험편이 이용되었다. 샌드위치 시험편은 저속충격에 의해 손상을 가하고, 스카프 보수기법에 의해 보수되었다. 보수 후 CAI시험을 통해 충격 후 압축강도를 평가하여 강도회복정도를 정량적으로 규명하였다. 본 시험으로부터 단지 스카프 보수를 적용한 경우 약 72%정도의 강도를 회복하였고, 추가보수층 한층을 추가했을 경우 약 91%까지 강도를 회복시킬 수 있음을 확인하였다.

• 대한전기학회:학술대회논문집
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• 대한전기학회 2008년도 제39회 하계학술대회
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• pp.1063-1064
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• 2008

Bimodal tram has a carbody made of polymer composite material which is good electrical insulator. As an series hybrid type, Alternating voltage generated from generator coupled with CNG engine are rectified and transformed to variable voltage ranges which are applied to electrical apparatus and ECUs equipped inside of the tram. The failures of electrical insulation between high voltage($400V{\sim}800V$) and low voltage(24V) or between different kind of voltages such as AC and DC may cause some electrical interferences to prevent from operating rightly and other safety problem. This paper have investigated about the degradation factors of the electrical insulation and the earthing method available to bimodal tram, which is effective for preventing the electromagnetic interference coming from the inside or outside of tram but need some detecting measurements of earth leakage through electrical systems.

• 한국철도학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국철도학회 2003년도 추계학술대회 논문집(III)
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• pp.395-400
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• 2003

Adhesive joining technique is considered as one of hot issues in developing advanced composite structures. The designer should be familiar with important guidelines of fundamental principles and ideas underlying the design and application of adhesive joints for a correct joint design. This study deals with the following characteristics of adhesive joining techniques: (1) design parameters the affect the performance of joining, (2) fundamental principles and design methods of joining, (3) adhesive selection, (4) surface pre-treatment of the adherand, and (6) test methods. The results would be used to predict the performance of adhesive joints subjected to a thermal aging.

• 한국철도학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국철도학회 2005년도 춘계학술대회 논문집
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• pp.434-439
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• 2005

In order to prevent the global warming, Korea has had a ratification to the Kyoto Protocol which is specified the air pollution level should be lower the condition of the year 1990 until the year 2012, in hence the traffic system produced mostly the air pollution has been faced to big change. According to the reinforcement of higher level for environmental condition, alternative way to the conventional traffic system is required, so that is fuel cell technology of commercialized R&D program used by hydrogen fuel, and further for the optimized high energy efficiency it has been considered the advanced development of traffic system used the conventional railroad system. But it is moreover expected the huge amount of initial investment, so at the current, next new traffic system is needed. This study is for the improvement of urban traffic system in domestic which should be seriously changed for environmental friendly through the reduction of air pollution by fuel gases of vehicle and human convenience to be easily approached. In hence it is proposed the development of superior high efficiency-'Fuel-cell Rubber-tired Tram' system manufactured by the composite car-body.

• 한국철도학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국철도학회 2007년도 추계학술대회 논문집
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• pp.852-858
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• 2007

The durability of carbon/epoxy composites under salt water environment was investigated through salt water spray tester. Salt water environment was obtained through salt spray and salt immersion. 5% NaCl solution was used for salt water as natural salt water. Mechanical test was performed to obtain tensile properties, flexural properties, and shear properties of carbon/epoxy composite over 12 months under salt water environment. Dynamic mechanical analyzer was used to investigate thermal analysis properties such storage modulus, loss modulus, and tan ${\delta}$. Also FT/IR test was conducted to investigate a change in chemical structure. According to the results, mechanical properties were found to be slowly degraded as a function of exposure times. Regarding to thermal analysis properties, storage modulus was insensitive to exposure times, but loss modulus was shown to be slightly decreased. Although the shape and location of peak in FT/IR were not much changed, the intensity of peak in FT/IR was affected on exposure times. We also found that salt water immersion was more severe to the durability of carbon/epoxy composite rather than salt water spray.

• International Journal of Railway
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• 제1권3호
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• pp.113-116
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• 2008

The long-tenn exposure of polymeric composite materials to extreme-use environments, such as pressure, temperature, moisture, and load cycles, results in changes in the original properties of the material. In this study, the effect of combined environmental factors such as ultraviolet ray, high temperature and high moisture on mechanical and thermal analysis properties of glass fabric and phenolic composites are evaluated through a 2.5 KW accelerated environmental aging tester. The environmental factors such as temperature, moisture and ultraviolet ray applied of specimens. A xenon-arc lamp is utilized for ultraviolet light and exposure time of up to 3000 hours are applied. Several types of specimens - tensile, bending, and shear specimens that are warp direction and fill direction are used to investigate the effects of environmental factors on mechanical properties of the composites. Mechanical degradations for tensile, bending and shear properties are evaluated through a Universal Testing Machine (UTM). Also, storage shear modulus, loss shear modulus and tan a are measured as a function of exposure time through a Dynamic Mechanical Analyzer (DMA). From the experimental results, changes in material properties of glass fabric and phenolic composites are shown to be slightly degraded due to combined environmental effects.

• 한국철도학회논문집
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• 제12권5호
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• pp.719-724
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• 2009

본 연구에서는 직물 탄소/에폭시와 유리/에폭시의 DCB(double cantilever beam)시편을 제작하여 ASTM 5528-01에 준하여 모우드 I 층간파괴인성을 측정하고, 이와 동일한 조건의 유한요소해석을 수행하여 층간파괴거동을 해석적으로 평가하였다. 시험에 의하여 측정된 층간파괴인성은 탄소/에폭시는 평균 $845.7J/m^2$, 유리/에폭시는 $1,042J/m^2$였다. 유한요소 모델은 접착요소를 이용하여 층간파괴를 구현하였고, 측정된 층간파괴인성을 부여하였다. 해석 결과의 검증을 위하여 시험을 통하여 측정된 시편 끝단의 반력과 Timoshenko 빔 이론을 통하여 계산된 결과를 비교하였다. 측정된 결과와 해석결과는 유사하였다.