• Asian-Australasian Journal of Animal Sciences
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• v.28 no.9
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• pp.1354-1361
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• 2015

The complement system is a part of the natural immune regulation mechanism against invading pathogens. Complement activation from three different pathways (classical, lectin, and alternative) leads to the formation of C5-convertase, an enzyme for cleavage of C5 into C5a and C5b, followed by C6, C7, C8, and C9 in membrane attack complex. The C9 is the last complement component of the terminal lytic pathway, which plays an important role in lysis of the target cells depending on its self-polymerization to form transmembrane channels. To address the association of C9 with traits related to disease resistance, the complete porcine C9 cDNA was comparatively sequenced to detect single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) in pigs of the breeds Hampshire (HS), Duroc (DU), Berlin miniature pig (BMP), German Landrace (LR), Pietrain (PIE), and Muong Khuong (Vietnamese potbelly pig). Genotyping was performed in 417 $F_2$ animals of a resource population (DUMI: $DU{\times}BMP$) that were vaccinated with Mycoplasma hyopneumoniae, Aujeszky diseases virus and porcine respiratory and reproductive syndrome virus at 6, 14 and 16 weeks of age, respectively. Two SNPs were detected within the third exon. One of them has an amino acid substitution. The European porcine breeds (LR and PIE) show higher allele frequency of these SNPs than Vietnamese porcine breed (MK). Association of the substitution SNP with hemolytic complement activity indicated statistically significant differences between genotypes in the classical pathway but not in the alternative pathway. The interactions between eight time points of measurement of complement activity before and after vaccinations and genotypes were significantly different. The difference in hemolytic complement activity in the both pathways depends on genotype, kind of vaccine, age and the interaction to the other complement components. These results promote the porcine C9 (pC9) as a candidate gene to improve general animal health in the future.

• Natural Product Sciences
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• v.14 no.3
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• pp.196-201
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• 2008

Five neolignans (1 - 4, 8), two sesquiterpene-lignans (5 - 6), and two phenylpropanoids (7, 9) were isolated from the stem bark of Magnolia obovata Thunberg (Magnoliaceae) by repeated column chromatography. The structures of isolated compounds were identified as 4-methoxyhonokiol (1), obovatol (2), magnolol (3), honokiol (4), eudeshonokiol B (5), eudesobovatol B (6), coumaric acid (7), magnaldehyde B (8), and ${\rho}-coumaric$ acid (9) on the basis of spectroscopic analysis including 2D-NMR and MS data. Compounds 1 - 9 were evaluated for their anti-complement activities against the classical pathway of the complement system. Of them, compound 8 showed significant anti-complement activity on the classical pathway with $IC_{50}$ value of 102.7 ${\mu}M$, whereas compounds 1 - 7 and 9 were inactive. This result indicated that an aldehyde group in the neolignan is important for the anti-complement activity against the classical pathway.

• Journal of applied mathematics & informatics
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• v.9 no.2
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• pp.891-897
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• 2002

A symmetric minimal complement at infinity for a given symmetric Silvester data set in the complex plane is contructed.

• Clinical and Experimental Pediatrics
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• v.48 no.1
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• pp.101-103
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• 2005

Meningococcal disease is not rarely associated with abnormalities of the complement system. We experienced a case of C9 deficiency with meningococcal meningitis from a 12-year-old girl. Identification of complement deficiency has implications for management, including family studies, prophylaxis, vaccination, and altered threshold for infection screening and treatment.

• Parasites, Hosts and Diseases
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• v.60 no.4
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• pp.255-259
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• 2022

Heliminthic paramyosin is a multifunctional protein that not only acts as a structural protein in muscle layers but as an immune-modulatory molecule interacting with the host immune system. Previously, we found that paramyosin from Clonorchis sinensis (CsPmy) is bound to human complement C9 protein (C9). To analyze the C9 binding region on CsPmy, overlapping recombinant fragments of CsPmy were produced and their binding activity to human C9 was investigated. The fragmental expression of CsPmy and C9 binding assays revealed that the C9 binding region was located at the C-terminus of CsPmy. Further analysis of the C-terminus of CsPmy to narrow the C9 binding region on CsPmy indicated that the region flanking ⁷³¹Leu-⁷⁸⁰Leu was a potent C9 binding region. The CsPmy fragments corresponding to the region effectively inhibited human C9 polymerization. These results provide a precise molecular basis for CsPmy as a potent immunomodulator to evade host immune defenses by inhibiting complement attack.

• Macromolecular Research
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• v.12 no.1
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• pp.46-52
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• 2004

In a continuation of our previous studies on blood compatibility profiles of anion-substituted poly(vinyl alcohol) (PVA) membranes, in which hydroxyl groups have been replaced with carboxymethyl (C-PVA) and sulfonyl groups (S-PVA), we have studied the activation of complement components and the changes in white cell and platelet count in vitro and compared them with those of unmodified PVA, Cuprophane, and low-density polyethylene. Complement activation of fluid phase components, C3a, Bb, iC3b, and SC5b-9, and of bound phases, C3c, C3d, and SC5b-9, were assessed by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) and immunoblot, respectively. The changes in the number of white cells and platelets following complement activation were counted using a Coulter counter. C-PVA and S-PVA activated C3 to a lesser extent than did PVA, which we attribute to the diminished level of surface nucleophiles of the samples. In addition, C- and S-PVA exhibit increased inhibition of Bb production, resulting in a decrease in the extent of C5 activation. Consequently, because of the reduced activation of C3 and C5, C- and S-PVA samples cause marked decreases in the SC5b-9 levels in plasma. We also found that the negatively charged sulfonate and carboxylate groups of the samples cause a greater extent of adsorbtion of the positively charged anaphylatoxins, C3a and C5a, because of strong electrostatic attraction, which in turn provides an inhibition of chemotaxis and activation of leukocytes. The ability to inhibit complement production, together with the binding ability of anaphylatoxins of the C- and S-PVA samples, leads to a prominent decrease in lysis of leukocytes as well as activation of platelets.

• Korean Journal of Animal Reproduction
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• v.12 no.1
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• pp.31-36
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• 1988

There studies were conducted using inbred ICR mice to examine the sex of preimplantation mouse embryo. The morphological normality of mice embryos treated with the culture medium containing rat H-Y antiserum(10%, v/v) plus complement(20%,v/v) was observed and also the sexing of embryos was investigated by chromosomal analysis. The results obtained were summarized as follows: 1. The viability of preimplantation mouse embryos, which were incubated in vitro with different media condition, was scored 68.9-85.5% in control group. However, 151 embryos normally developed up to blastocyst and 160 embryos were retarded growth or destroyed out of total 311 embryos treated in the medium containing H-Y antiserum(10%, v/v) plus complement(20%,v/v). 2. H-Y antiserum was prepared from inb red rats (Wistar and Donryu strain) with different immunization times (4, 5 and 6th) to examine the specific titer of embryos by the number of immunization. Precentage of normally developed embryos incubated either in the medium containing the antiserum of Wistar plus complement or Donryu plus complement was revealed 50.9, 47.4 and 50.0% (4, 5 and 6th immunization and 47.8, 41.2 and 48.7%, respectively. 3. Twenty two females and five males were identified out of fourty-eight normally developed embryos incubated in the medium containing H-Y antiserum plus complement by chromosomal analysis.

• Childhood Kidney Diseases
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• v.23 no.1
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• pp.43-47
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• 2019

Atypical hemolytic uremic syndrome (aHUS), a rare form of thrombotic microangiopathy, is distinguished from the typical form by the absence of a preceding verotoxin-producing Escherichia coli infection. Notably, aHUS occurs in association with genetic or acquired disorders causing dysregulation of the alternative complement pathway. Patients with aHUS may show the presence of anti-complement factor H (CFH) autoantibodies. This acquired form of aHUS (antiCFH-aHUS) primarily affects children aged 9-13 years. We report a case of a 13-year-old Lao girl with clinical features of aHUS (most likely anti-CFH-aHUS). The initial presentation of the patient met the classical clinical triad of thrombotic microangiopathy (microangiopathic hemolytic anemia, thrombocytopenia, and acute kidney injury) without preceding diarrheal illness. Low serum levels of complement 3 and normal levels of complement 4 indicated abnormal activation of the alternative complement pathway. Plasma infusion and high-dose corticosteroid therapy resulted in improvement of the renal function and hematological profile, although the patient subsequently died of infectious complications. This is the first case report that describes aHUS (possibly anti-CFH-aHUS) in Laos.

• Natural Product Sciences
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• v.12 no.3
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• pp.129-133
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• 2006

Four coumarins (1-4) and one polyacetylene (5) were isolated from the roots of Anglica purpuraefolia Chung (Umbelliferae) through repeated column chromatography. Four coumarins, isoscopoletin (1), oxypeucedanin hydrate (2), arnottinin (3) and isokhellactone (4), and a polyacetylene, (+)-9(Z), 17-octadecadience-12,14-diyne-1,11,16-triol (5), were identified by spectroscopic analysis including two dimensional NMR and mass. These compounds were examined for their anti-complement activity against the classical pathway of the complement system. However, compounds 1-5 were inactive in this assay system.

• Clinical and Experimental Pediatrics
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• v.52 no.6
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• pp.721-724
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• 2009

Meningococcal infections can be associated with abnormalities of the complement system, which contains 5 terminal complement proteins. Furthermore, deficiencies in 1 of these 5, complement component 7 (C7), leads to the loss of complement lytic function, and affected patients show increased susceptibility to recurrent meningococcal meningitis and systemic Neisseria gonorrhoeae infection. In September 2003, an 11-year-old female patient presented at our outpatient department with high fever, lower leg pain, headache, and petechiaes. She rapidly progressed to coma but later achieved full recovery due to prompt treatment. Her final diagnosis was meningococcal sepsis and arthritis. Her elder brother also had a similar bacterial meningoencephalitis history, which encouraged us to perform analyses for complement component and gene mutations. Resultantly, both the brother and sister were found to have the same mutation in the C7 gene. Subsequently, vaccinations of the meningococcal vaccine meningococcal vaccine ($Menomune^{(R)}$) were administered. However, in September 2006, the brother expired due to acute micrococcus meningoencephalitis. At present, the 16-year-old female patient is healthy. Here, we report a Korean family with a hereditary C7 deficiency with susceptibility to meningococcal infections due to C7 gene mutation.