• Title/Summary/Keyword: compare situations

검색결과 222건 처리시간 0.033초

Evaluation of the Block Effects in Response Surface Designs with Random Block Effects over Cuboidal Regions

  • Park, Sang-Hyun
    • Communications for Statistical Applications and Methods
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    • 제7권3호
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    • pp.741-757
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    • 2000
  • In may experimental situations, whenever a block design is used, the block effect is usually considered to be fixed. There are, however, experimental situations in which it should be treated as random. The choice of a blocking arrangement for a response surface design can have a considerable effect on estimating the mean response and on the size of he prediction variance even if the experimental runs re the same. Therefore, care should be exercised in the selection of blocks. In this paper, in the presence of a random block effect, we propose a graphical method or evaluating the effect of blocking in response surface designs using cuboidal regions. This graphical method can be used to investigate how the blocking has influence on the prediction variance throughout all experimental regions of interest when this region is cuboidal, and compare the block effects in the cases of the orthogonal and non-orthogonal block designs, respectively.

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The Use of Downgraders by Korean English Speakers and American English Native Speakers in Requestive E-mail

  • 양은미
    • 영어어문교육
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    • 제7권1호
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    • pp.51-66
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    • 2001
  • This paper compares different uses of downgraders by Korean English speakers (KES) with those by American English native speakers (AENS) in their requestive e-mail. Three different situations in which social power and distance were controlled were set up to examine and compare the participants' politeness strategies in requestive e-mail. It was found that the KESs' use of downgraders appeared differently from the AENSs' use qualitatively and quantitatively across three situations. The AENSs used downgraders almost three times as more, resulting in a much more mitigated and polite effect in requests. The AENSs' requests were mostly modified by syntactic modifiers, such as aspect, tense, conditional, and consultative devices. On the other hand, the KESs' requests were modified mostly by politeness markers and conditionals in a limited number of requests.

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스트레스시 비만여고생의 섭식에 관한 연구 -방법론적 Triangulation의 적용- (A Study of Eating in Obese High School Girls during Stressful Situations)

  • 김숙영
    • 대한간호학회지
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    • 제29권6호
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    • pp.1392-1402
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    • 1999
  • This study was carried out to find out stress-eating relationship in obese high school girls and to investigate the factors related to stress-induced eating. The conceptual framework used in this study was individual difference model. The research method was methodological triangulation. The data of the study were collected from purposively sampled 309 normal high school girls and 314 obese high school girls in S city. 15 volunteers, obese high school girls, enrolled in this qualitative research. Quantitative data was collected from May 6 to June 10, 1997 through questionnaires about stress and stress-related eating changes and from June 23 to August 26, 1997, qualitative data was collected. The results of the study were as follows : 1. Obese high school girls were unaffected by stress(t=-1.84, p=0.0662). 2. Through quantitative analysis, obese people divided into two groups in their response to stress. One group was composed of stress- eater. The other group was composed of non- stress eater. 3. Disinhibition(t=-3.1275, p=0.0019), cognitive restrain (t=-3.1597, p=0.0017), hunger(t=-3.5878, p=0.0004) were significantly different between stress-eaters and non-stress eaters. 4. According to the interview, 5 subjects of obese girls were stress eaters, and 10 subjects were non-stress eaters. Through qualitative research, the related factors of eating were eating attitude & behavior, stimuli situations on eating, and personality. In stress-eater group, they constantly went on a diet, however, they were prompted to eat when an uneasy feeling such as anxiety, depression, annoyance developed. Their personality were entirely optimistic. Whereas non-stress eater group had no interest in diet and didn't appear to have psychological factors to stimulate eating in stressful situations. Their personality was not only optimistic but also keenly characteristic. 5. To compare obese-normal high school girls on the effect of stress in eating. Normal weigh high school girls decreased their eating when stressed(t= -13.62, p=0.0001). In conclusion, this study suggests that there are two different groups in obese high school girls in regards to eating responses on stressful situations. As a result of these finding, clinical and school nurses can detect the stress-eaters who need stress management intervention, and can apply appropriate management program according to the individual needs.

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대량실직과 노사분규 상황에 있는 근로자에 대한 위기중재 프로그램 적용 사례 (Crisis Intervention for Workers in Severely Stressful Situations After Massive Layoffs and Labor Disputes)

  • 우종민;채정호;최수찬
    • Journal of Preventive Medicine and Public Health
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    • 제43권3호
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    • pp.265-273
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    • 2010
  • Objectives: Due to the economic crisis and globalization, many workers have been suffering from severe occupational stress due to job insecurity and struggles related to downsizing and restructuring. This study aims to assess the stress levels among workers involved in fierce labor disputes and massive layoffs and to evaluate their specific needs and satisfaction with counseling services set up to help workers cope with severely stressful situations? Methods: The authors provided crisis intervention to workers in traumatic situations to compare the differential level of stress responses and needs among the workers remaining employed in a large auto factory, those laid off by it, and those laid off by other companies in the same region (Pyeongtaek, Gyeonggi Province). We measured stress levels using the worker's stress response inventory (WSRI) and heart rate variability (HRV), and assessed workers' satisfaction with the counseling services. Results: 502 workers participated in the program. Fifty-seven percent of them consulted with occupational problems. The mean WSRI score of the workers remaining employed in the automobile factory was higher than that of the unemployed (employed: $39.8{\pm}19.9$ unemployed: $29.3{\pm}18.8$). Ninety-five percent of workers responded that they were satisfied or very satisfied with the counseling services. Conclusions: This study suggests the urgent need for the establishment of a national crisis intervention program dedicated to supporting workers in severely stressful situations.

A SIMULATION STUDY OF BAYESIAN PROPORTIONAL HAZARDS MODELS WITH THE BETA PROCESS PRIOR

  • Lee, Jae-Yong
    • Journal of the Korean Statistical Society
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    • 제34권3호
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    • pp.235-244
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    • 2005
  • In recent years, theoretical properties of Bayesian nonparametric survival models have been studied and the conclusion is that although there are pathological cases the popular prior processes have the desired asymptotic properties, namely, the posterior consistency and the Bernstein-von Mises theorem. In this study, through a simulation experiment, we study the finite sample properties of the Bayes estimator and compare it with the frequentist estimators. To our surprise, we conclude that in most situations except that the prior is highly concentrated at the true parameter value, the Bayes estimator performs worse than the frequentist estimators.

Analysis of Propagation Properties in Junctions between Straight and Bent Waveguides Using Cylindrical Functions of Complex Order

  • Rashid, Mohd-Abdur;Masao Kodama
    • 대한전자공학회:학술대회논문집
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    • 대한전자공학회 2002년도 ITC-CSCC -2
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    • pp.711-714
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    • 2002
  • This paper presents a method to determine the propagation properties in the junctions between straight and bent waveguides using cylindrical functions of complex order. The proposed method was succeeded by developing the method of numerical calculation of cylindrical functions of complex order. As a result, we numerically calculate the reflection and transmission coefficients in the junctions in various situations, and we compare these results with the results by the perturbation method.

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Robustness of model averaging methods for the violation of standard linear regression assumptions

  • Lee, Yongsu;Song, Juwon
    • Communications for Statistical Applications and Methods
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    • 제28권2호
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    • pp.189-204
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    • 2021
  • In a regression analysis, a single best model is usually selected among several candidate models. However, it is often useful to combine several candidate models to achieve better performance, especially, in the prediction viewpoint. Model combining methods such as stacking and Bayesian model averaging (BMA) have been suggested from the perspective of averaging candidate models. When the candidate models include a true model, it is expected that BMA generally gives better performance than stacking. On the other hand, when candidate models do not include the true model, it is known that stacking outperforms BMA. Since stacking and BMA approaches have different properties, it is difficult to determine which method is more appropriate under other situations. In particular, it is not easy to find research papers that compare stacking and BMA when regression model assumptions are violated. Therefore, in the paper, we compare the performance among model averaging methods as well as a single best model in the linear regression analysis when standard linear regression assumptions are violated. Simulations were conducted to compare model averaging methods with the linear regression when data include outliers and data do not include them. We also compared them when data include errors from a non-normal distribution. The model averaging methods were applied to the water pollution data, which have a strong multicollinearity among variables. Simulation studies showed that the stacking method tends to give better performance than BMA or standard linear regression analysis (including the stepwise selection method) in the sense of risks (see (3.1)) or prediction error (see (3.2)) when typical linear regression assumptions are violated.

시뮬레이션을 이용한 성형외과 예약패턴 분석 (Simulation Analysis for Appointment Scheduling Patterns in a Private Plastic Surgery Clinic)

  • 최지연;정예림;박선주;정승화
    • 한국시뮬레이션학회논문지
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    • 제27권1호
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    • pp.75-90
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    • 2018
  • 일반적으로 고객의 만족도를 높이는 방안은 병원의 이익 및 병원 의료진들의 만족도를 높이는 방안과는 상충된다. 이에 본 논문은 병원과 고객을 함께 고려한 평가지표를 사용하여 여러 가지 예약 패턴들을 비교해보고 병원의 효율적인 운영을 위해 성형외과에 적절한 예약 패턴을 제안하고자 한다. 본 논문에서는 도심에 위치한 실제 성형외과의 고객 및 진료 데이터를 이용해 시뮬레이션 모델을 설계하고, 이 모델을 대상으로 5가지 예약 패턴을 비교하였다. 예약 패턴의 강건성을 체크하기 위하여 성수기와 극성수기, 피크 요일과 한적한 요일 등 다양한 상황 하에서 실험을 진행하였다. 실험 결과, 본 연구에서 새롭게 제안하는 Triangle-like Pattern이 예약 수와 관계없이 가장 좋은 결과를 보여주었다.

Semi-Supervised Learning Based Anomaly Detection for License Plate OCR in Real Time Video

  • Kim, Bada;Heo, Junyoung
    • International journal of advanced smart convergence
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    • 제9권1호
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    • pp.113-120
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    • 2020
  • Recently, the license plate OCR system has been commercialized in a variety of fields and preferred utilizing low-cost embedded systems using only cameras. This system has a high recognition rate of about 98% or more for the environments such as parking lots where non-vehicle is restricted; however, the environments where non-vehicle objects are not restricted, the recognition rate is about 50% to 70%. This low performance is due to the changes in the environment by non-vehicle objects in real-time situations that occur anomaly data which is similar to the license plates. In this paper, we implement the appropriate anomaly detection based on semi-supervised learning for the license plate OCR system in the real-time environment where the appearance of non-vehicle objects is not restricted. In the experiment, we compare systems which anomaly detection is not implemented in the preceding research with the proposed system in this paper. As a result, the systems which anomaly detection is not implemented had a recognition rate of 77%; however, the systems with the semi-supervised learning based on anomaly detection had 88% of recognition rate. Using the techniques of anomaly detection based on the semi-supervised learning was effective in detecting anomaly data and it was helpful to improve the recognition rate of real-time situations.

에이전트 기반 시뮬레이션을 통한 디스패칭 시스템의 강화학습 모델 (A Reinforcement Learning Model for Dispatching System through Agent-based Simulation)

  • 김민정;신문수
    • 산업경영시스템학회지
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    • 제47권2호
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    • pp.116-123
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    • 2024
  • In the manufacturing industry, dispatching systems play a crucial role in enhancing production efficiency and optimizing production volume. However, in dynamic production environments, conventional static dispatching methods struggle to adapt to various environmental conditions and constraints, leading to problems such as reduced production volume, delays, and resource wastage. Therefore, there is a need for dynamic dispatching methods that can quickly adapt to changes in the environment. In this study, we aim to develop an agent-based model that considers dynamic situations through interaction between agents. Additionally, we intend to utilize the Q-learning algorithm, which possesses the characteristics of temporal difference (TD) learning, to automatically update and adapt to dynamic situations. This means that Q-learning can effectively consider dynamic environments by sensitively responding to changes in the state space and selecting optimal dispatching rules accordingly. The state space includes information such as inventory and work-in-process levels, order fulfilment status, and machine status, which are used to select the optimal dispatching rules. Furthermore, we aim to minimize total tardiness and the number of setup changes using reinforcement learning. Finally, we will develop a dynamic dispatching system using Q-learning and compare its performance with conventional static dispatching methods.