• Asian-Australasian Journal of Animal Sciences
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• 제27권10호
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• pp.1394-1398
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• 2014

Indigenous (native) breeds of livestock have higher disease resistance and adaptation to the environment due to high genetic diversity. Even though their extinction rate is accelerated due to the increase of commercial breeds, natural disaster, and civil war, there is a lack of well-established databases for the native breeds. Thus, we constructed the native pig and chicken breed database (NPCDB) which integrates available information on the breeds from around the world. It is a nonprofit public database aimed to provide information on the genetic resources of indigenous pig and chicken breeds for their conservation. The NPCDB (http://npcdb.snu.ac.kr/) provides the phenotypic information and population size of each breed as well as its specific habitat. In addition, it provides information on the distribution of genetic resources across the country. The database will contribute to understanding of the breed's characteristics such as disease resistance and adaptation to environmental changes as well as the conservation of indigenous genetic resources.

• Asian-Australasian Journal of Animal Sciences
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• 제21권2호
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• pp.155-160
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• 2008

Several studies have reported quantitative trait loci (QTL) for meat quality on porcine chromosome 2 (http://www.animalgenome.org/QTLdb/pig.html). For application of the molecular genetic information to the pig industry through marker-assisted selection, single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) markers were analyzed by comparative re-sequencing of polymerase chain reaction (PCR) products of 13 candidate genes with DNA from commercial pig breeds such as Berkshire, Yorkshire, Landrace, Duroc and Korean Native pig. A total of 34 SNPs were identified in 15 PCR products producing an average of one SNP in every 253 bp. PCR restriction fragment length polymorphism (RFLP) assays were developed for 11 SNPs and used to investigate allele frequencies in five commercial pig breeds in Korea. Eight of the SNPs appear to be fixed in at least one of the five pig breeds, which indicates that different selection among pig breeds might be applied to these SNPs. Polymorphisms detected in the PTH, CSF2 and FOLR genes were chosen to genotype a Berkshire-Yorkshire pig breed reference family for linkage and association analyses. Using linkage analysis, PTH and CSF2 loci were mapped to pig chromosome 2, while FOLR was mapped to pig chromosome 9. Association analyses between SNPs in the PTH, CSF2 and FOLR suggested that the CSF2 MboII polymorphism was significantly associated with several pork quality traits in the Berkshire and Yorkshire crossed F2 pigs. Our current findings provide useful SNP marker information to fine map QTL regions on pig chromosome 2 and to clarify the relevance of SNP and quantitative traits in commercial pig populations.

• 한국축산시설환경학회지
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• 제19권2호
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• pp.149-154
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• 2013

This study was conducted to investigate the expression of harmful social behaviours in breeding pigs. Totally 64 pure breed pigs were assigned to determine the effect of breed (Yorkshire and Duroc) and sex (male and female) on the expression of each harmful social behaviours at the GGP level commercial breeding farm. Sucking, bothering, fighting and pushing behaviour were selected the notable harmful social behaviour. The most prevailing and the highest proportion of time spent in harmful social behaviours were bothering and sucking, respectively. Total frequency of bothering and fighting were more in Duroc than Yorkshire. Yorkshire had more proportion of time spent in sucking whereas fighting was more in Duroc. According to sex, female pigs had more frequency of sucking and pushing whereas fighting was significantly more in male pigs. The female pigs showed more time spent in sucking whereas bothering and fighting was more in male pigs.

• Asian-Australasian Journal of Animal Sciences
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• 제25권10호
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• pp.1357-1363
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• 2012

Pigs may need to be exploited as xenotransplantation donors due to the shortage of human organs, tissues and cells. Porcine endogenous retroviruses (PERVs) are a significant obstacle to xenotransplantation because they can infect human cells in vitro and have the potential for transmission of unexpected pathogens to humans. In this research, 101 pigs, including four commercial breeds (23 Berkshire, 13 Duroc, 22 Landrace and 14 Yorkshire pigs), one native breed (19 Korean native pigs) and one miniature breed (10 NIH miniature pigs) were used to investigate insertional variations for 11 PERV loci (three PERV-A, six PERV-B and two PERV-C). Over 60% of the pigs harbored one PERV-A (907F8) integration and five PERV-B (B3-3G, B3-7G, 742H1, 1155D9 and 465D1) integrations. However, two PERV-A loci (A1-6C and 1347C1) and one PERV-B locus (B3-7F) were absent in Duroc pigs. Moreover, two PERV-C loci (C2-6C and C4-2G) only existed in Korean native pigs and NIH miniature pigs. The results suggest that PERV insertional variations differ among pig breeds as well as among individuals within a breed. Also, the results presented here can be used for the selection of animals that do not have specific PERV integration for xenotransplantation research.

• Journal of Animal Science and Technology
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• 제45권5호
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• pp.841-846
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• 2003

Halothane 검정에 의한 L(Landrace) 및 Lw (Largewhite)의 halothane 양성돈 출현율은 각각 5.8, 6.6 %로 두 품종간에 큰 차이가 없었으며 음성과 양성돈의 중간반응을 나타내는 의양성돈은 20.5 %의 출현율을 보인 L과 Lw의 13.2 %에 비해 높았으나 음성돈 출현율은 L 및 Lw가 각각 76.1, 80.1 %로 Lw가 약간 높았다. hal-gene 분석결과는 L품종만이 hetro형이 출현하였을 뿐 전 조사 품종에서 halothane 양성돈은 나타나지 않았다. 품종별 pH1은 KNP (Korean Native Pig)가 L, Lw 및 H(Hybrid)에 비해 약간 높았으나 통계적 유의성은 없었다. pHu는 KNP와 H가 Lw 및 L에 비해 유의 (p〈0.05)하게 높았으나 KNP와 H품종사이에는 유의적인 차이가 없었다. NPPC 기준 육색은 L이 Lw 및 KNP에 비해 유의적(p〈0.05)으로 낮았고 H와는 유의차가 없었으며 CIE L*값 또한 같은 경향을 보여 L품종이 다른 품종보다 색깔이 창백한 고기를 생산할 기능성이 큰 것으로 사료되었다. 보수성은 재래종인 KNP가 H에 비해 유의적으로(p〈0.05)으로 높았으며 개량종인 Lw, L 및 H에서는 유의적인 차이가 없었다.

• Asian-Australasian Journal of Animal Sciences
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• 제13권1호
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• pp.6-9
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• 2000

The purpose of this study was to evaluate the effect of lower numbers of sperm $(3{\times}10^9)$ per dose liquid semen and type of semen used in artificial insemination (AI) on sow reproductive performance in subtropical area. Semen was supplied by two commercial AI centers. A total of 671 female pigs from seven farms were inseminated with either $3{\times}10^9$ or $5{\times}10^9$ sperm per dose. Two types of semen were used: heterospermic semen from two boars of the same breed and homospermic semen from a single boar. After insemination, conception rate, farrowing rate, total litter size, and number of dead piglets were recorded. The analysis of variance indicated that there was no significant effect of interactions between pig farm, type of semen, or number of sperm on any of the traits measured. There were significant differences in conception rate, farrowing rate, and total litter size among pig farms (p<0.05). The effect of number of sperm per dose liquid semen ($3{\times}10^9$ or $5{\times}10^9$) was not significant. Sows inseminated with homospermic semen showed significantly higher conception and farrowing rates but significantly lower total litter size (p<0.05). In conclusion, the number of sperm per dose liquid semen for AI could be lowered to $3{\times}10^9 $ without affecting reproductive performance in subtropical areas like Taiwan.

• 생명과학회지
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• 제18권6호
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• pp.770-775
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• 2008

돼지 2번 염색체의 육질 관련 양적 경제형질에 관한 연구보고가 몇몇 이루어 지고 있다. 양돈업계에서 DNA 기술을 이용한 염색체 정보를 활용하기 위해 본 연구에서는 13개의 후보 유전자에서 생성된 중합효소연쇄반응(PCR) 생성물을 비교 재서열 함으로써 단일염기변이(SNP) 표지들을 개발했다. 11개의 중합효소연쇄반응 생성물에서 296 bp마다 에서 평균 하나의 SNP, 총 34개의 SNP를 발견하였다. 또한 11개의 SNP에 대한 PCR 제한효소길이 절편길이 다형성(RFLP) 분석을 전개한 후, 이를 대한민국 상업돈 4품종 개체군의 유전자형을 분석하는데 활용하였다. 본 연구는 유용한 단일염기변이를 식별하고 돼지 개체군 내 경제적으로 중요한 특성들과 SNP의 연관성을 확인하는 데 그 목적이 있다.

• 한국수정란이식학회지
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• 제25권4호
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• pp.215-219
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• 2010

The objective of this study was to examine the reproductive characteristics of cloned miniature piglets produced from surrogate domestic pigs. Somatic cell nuclear transfer (SCNT) miniature pig embryos were transferred into domestic pigs. As controls, domestic pigs of the same breed with surrogates for SCNT embryos and miniature pigs of the same breed with the somatic cell donor were bred by artificial insemination and natural mating, respectively. Surrogate domestic pigs that farrowed cloned miniature piglets had a significantly longer gestation length (118.1 days) than conventionally bred domestic (115.4 days) and miniature (115.5 days) pigs. Furthermore, the birth weight of cloned miniature piglets produced from domestic pigs (743 g) was significantly greater than that of miniature piglets produced by natural breeding (623 g). Also, cloned miniature piglets had a significantly lower weaning rate (49.7%) than conventionally produced domestic (91.5%) and miniature (100%) piglets. No differences were observed between female and male cloned piglets in gestation length, litter size, birth weight, or weaning rate. Our results demonstrate that gestation length is extended in domestic pigs that are transferred with SCNT miniature pig embryos and that cloned miniature piglets have increased birth weight and high pre-weaning mortality.

• Animal Bioscience
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• 제34권7호
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• pp.1123-1133
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• 2021

Objective: Shandong indigenous pig breeds are important Chinese pig resources. Their progressive population decline in recent decades has attracted attention towards their conservation. Conservation genetics of these indigenous breeds are essential for developing a conservation and utilization scheme. Methods: A high-density single nucleotide polymorphism (HD-SNP) chip-based comparative analysis of genetic characteristics was performed for seven Shandong indigenous pig breeds in the context of five Western commercial breeds. Results: The results showed that Shandong indigenous pig breeds varied greatly in genetic diversity, effective population size, inbreeding level, and genetic distance with the Western commercial breeds. Specifically, Laiwu and Dapulian displayed low genetic diversity, and had a genetically distant relationship with the Western commercial breeds (average F statistics [F_ST] value of 0.3226 and 0.2666, respectively). Contrastingly, the other five breeds (Yantai, Licha, Yimeng, Wulain, and Heigai) displayed high genetic diversity within breed and had some extent of mixture pattern with the Western commercial breeds, especially Duroc and Landrace (F_ST values from 0.1043 to 0.2536). Furthermore, intensive gene flow was discovered among the seven Shandong indigenous breeds, particularly Wulian, Licha, and Heigai, as indicated by the large cluster formed in the principal component analysis scatterplot and small population differentiation (average of 0.1253) among them. Conclusion: Our study advances the understanding of genetic characteristics of Shandong indigenous breeds and provides essential information for developing an appropriate conservation and utilization scheme for these breeds.

• Journal of Animal Science and Technology
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• 제51권3호
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• pp.193-200
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• 2009

본 연구는 한국재래돼지의 MC1R 유전자형을 결정하고 MC1R 유전자의 변이와 육질과의 연관성을 규명하기 위하여 실시하였다. 재래돼지의 MC1R 유전자형을 분석한 결과 중국재래돼지품종이 속하는 $E^{D1}$ 내에서도 0201형에 속하는 것으로 나타났으며 몇몇의 재래돼지에서는 $E^P$ 유전자형이 출현하였는데 이는 Berkshire 품종의 혼입으로 인한 것으로 사료된다. 흑색의 모색과 관련되어 있다고 보고된 Leu102Pro (T1132C) 변이를 재래돼지와 Yorkshire의 양방향 교배로 생산된 F2 집단의 171 두를 대상으로 분석하고 육질형질과의 연관성을 분석하였다. 모든 육질형질에 대하여 유의적인 효과를 나타내지 않았으며 이로써 돼지의 흑색모색과 육질과는 연관성이 없으며 다른 육질관련 유전자에 의해 영향을 받는다는 근거를 제공하였다. 또한 Duroc 품종에서 AA으로 고정되어 있어 다른 품종과의 구분 기준이 되는 Ala243Thr (G1554A) 변이를 이용하여 종돈검정소에서 출하된 Landrace, Yorkshire, Duroc, Berkshire 순종집단에 대한 유전자형 빈도를 조사하였으며 Berkshire를 제외한 나머지 품종에서 이형접합체가 일부 출현하였다.