• Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention
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• 제16권1호
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• pp.339-344
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• 2015

Epidemiologic findings concerning the association between the hsa-mir-499 rs3746444 A>G polymorphism and cancer risk have yielded mixed results. We aimed to investigate the association by performing a meta-analysis of all available studies. We searched PubMed and EMBASE for studies published up to November 2014, using odds ratios (ORs) with 95% confidence intervals (CIs) to assess the strength of any association. The Benjamini-Hochberg (BH) method was used to correct the p values for multiple comparisons. We included 39 studies, including 14,136 cases and 16,937 controls. The results of overall meta-analysis suggested a borderline association between hsa-mir-499 rs3746444 polymorphism and cancer susceptibility (AG+GG vs. AA: OR=1.15, 95% CI=1.04-1.26, corrected p value=0.04). After removing studies not conforming to Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium (HWE), however, this association disappeared (AG+GG vs AA: OR=1.18, 95% CI=1.03-1.34, corrected p value=0.21). When stratified analysis by ethnicity, cancer type or HWE in controls, although some associations between hsa-mir-499 rs3746444 polymorphism and cancer susceptibility were detected, these associations no longer existed after adjustment using BH method. In conclusion, our meta-analysis suggests that hsa-mir-499 rs3746444 A>G polymorphism is not associated with risk of cancer based on current evidence.

• Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention
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• 제15권8호
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• pp.3635-3640
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• 2014

Aim: To determine whether induced abortion (IA) increases breast cancer (BC) risk. Materials and Methods: A population-based case-control study was performed from Dec, 2000 to November, 2004 in Shanghai, China, where IA could be verified through the family planning network and client medical records. Structured questionnaires were completed by 1,517 cases with primary invasive epithelial breast cancer and 1,573 controls frequency-matched to cases for age group. The information was supplemented and verified by the family planning records. Statistical analysis was conducted with SAS 9.0. Results: After adjusting for potential confounders, induced abortions were not found to be associated with breast cancer with OR=0.94 (95%CI= 0.79-1.11). Compared to parous women without induced abortion, parous women with 3 or more times induced abortion (OR=0.66, 95%CI=0.46 to 0.95) and women with 3 or more times induced abortion after the first live birth (OR=0.66, 95%CI =0.45 to 0.97) showed a lower risk of breast cancer, after adjustment for age, level of education, annual income per capita, age at menarche, menopause, parity times, spontaneous abortion, age at first live birth, breast-feeding, oral contraceptives, hormones drug, breast disease, BMI, drinking alcohol, drinking tea, taking vitamin/calcium tablet, physical activity, vocation, history of breast cancer, eating the bean. Conclusions: The results suggest that a history of induced abortions may not increase the risk of breast cancer.

• Journal of Nutrition and Health
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• 제47권6호
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• pp.416-425
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• 2014

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to investigate the stress, dietary habits, dietary behaviors, and health-related behavior of nurses. Method: The subjects of this study were 161 nurses studying at a cyber university. The general characteristics, stress, dietary habits, dietary behaviors, and health-related behavior of the subjects were surveyed using a self-administered questionnaire in October, 2010. The subjects were divided into two groups according to the working pattern: shift workers (n = 110) and non-shift workers (n = 51). Results: In the general characteristics, there were significant differences in marriage, monthly income, employment type, and job satisfaction between the two groups. Total stress score did not differ significantly between the two groups. In dietary habits, significant differences in meal regularity, skipping meals, skipping reasons, having regular mealtimes, frequency of snack and the snack time between shift workers and non-shift workers (p<0.05). Total score of dietary behaviors in shift workers was significantly lower than that in non-shift workers (p<0.05). Score of shift workers in taking three meals per day regularly was significantly lower than that of non-shift workers. In health-related behavior, a significant difference in sleeping time was observed between shift workers and non-shift workers. Dietary behavior showed negative correlation with shift work (r = 0.176) and positive correlation with health consciousness (r = 0.210) and perceived health status (r = 0.198) in subjects after adjustment for age, marriage, monthly income, and employment type (p < 0.05). Multiple regression analysis revealed that shift work, health consciousness, and perceived health status affected dietary behavior in subjects. Conclusion: These results indicate that shift working nurses had poor dietary habits and dietary behaviors, and these dietary behaviors are affected by their shift work, health consciousness, and perceive health status.

• 한국산림과학회지
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• 제97권1호
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• pp.118-126
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• 2008

본 연구는 마케팅 관점에서 국립자연휴양림의 객실가격 전략을 개발하고자 실시하였다. 분석방법은 객실유형(숲속의집, 산림문화휴양관) 및 객실규모(4, 5, 6, 7 인실)에 따른 가격민감성(PSM) 분석을 적용하였으며, 6개 국립자연휴양림에서 236명의 객실 숙박이용객을 대상으로 현지설문조사를 실시하였다. 그 결과 자연휴양림 객실규모에 있어서는 객실규모가 클수록 가격민감성이 높았으며, 객실유형별로는 숲속의 집이 산림문화휴양관 보다 가격민감성이 높은 것으로 나타났다. 또한 현재 성수기 객실가격은 6인실과 7인실 산림문화휴양관을 제외한 모든 객실에서 가격수용대 내에 포함되어 있는 것으로 나타났다. 이들 객실의 판매를 촉진시키기 위해서는 적정수준의 가격 인하를 검토하거나, 가격인하가 용이하지 않을 경우 고객이 지각할 수 있는 객실시설물 고급화 등 가격 이외의 다른 가치를 높이기 위한 전략이 필요할 것이다.

• 대한정형도수물리치료학회지
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• 제12권2호
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• pp.52-65
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• 2006

Sling exercises therapy can speak as appliable comprehensive exercises therapy technique efficiently in general exercise field for injured worker's rehabilitation process and health improvement patient or athlete, injury or disease that have pain or dysfunction to neuromuscular system using that shake. At 1990 an early stage, because physical therapist and doctors of medical treatment developed country norway of north europe cooperate sling exercises therapy's concept trend spreading worldwide establishing theory newly based on scientific basic be. Musculoskeletal system, old man and young child's nervous system injurer's treatment and exercise and industry worker's rehabilitation process, athlete's rehabilitation etc. several fields introduced in early 2000s to Korea apply. Sling exercises therapy neuromuscular system disease continuous abatement as general concept of active exercise and treatment that use sling exercises equipment by purpose know can. This review article wishes to introduce about neuromuscular activation, "Neurac" technique that can speak as step developed more concept based on application principle etc, of basic sling exercises effort's change by suspension point's change that is concept, stability exercises principle, open kinetic chain exercises and closed kinetic chain exercises. Arranged about Plateau potential's characteristic and working mechanism and Neurac technique's application method that can say as Neurac technique's neuro-physiologic base, and presented treatment method of lumbar part disease and cervical part, shoulder joint part disease to application example. Because plateau potential forward player that induce using Neurac technique in part muscles that act role that keep spine surrounding stability in this article keeps muscle's contraction continuously, between global and local muscles, presented several study findings that can cause affirmative change in insufficient muscle adjustment state such as imbalance of muscles' action order. Expect that case studies that use this Neurac technique here after consist continuously.

• 대한간호
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• 제35권3호
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• pp.77-97
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• 1996

This study was descriptive survey research. The main purpose of this study is to examine the daily activity of hospitalized children from two month years old to twelve years old and to identify needs or responses of mother who has hospitalized children. The subjects for the study were 179 mothers who have hospitalized children at pediatric ward two hospitals attached to a university in Seoul. The data was collected by two researchers and two assistants using structured open questionnaire for interview. The data was analyzed by using SPSS/PC. The results of the study were as follows ; 1. The daily activity of hospitalized children was mainly play activity except for treatment or nursing activity. It was limited activity at sickbed and various according to developmental stage of children. 2. The common responses of mothers on intravenous injection. blood sampling and fretful children were heartache. crying. empathy and guilty feeling. 3. The responses of mothers on disease progress were comfort. aspiration. anxiety. gloominess. critique and a serene state of mind. 4. The responses of mothers on medical personnel were kindness. carefulness. comfort. satisfaction. calmness and unkindness. 5. The responses of mothers on another hospitalized children were mainly empathy and sympathy. 6. The responses of mothers on patient clothes were comfort and deny. 7. The responses of mothers on residence with child were comfort. inevitable duty. laborious. exhaust. annoyance and worried about another family member. 8. The requirements of mothers were mainly convenience facility and play place. The results of this study indicate that hospital life were indifferent growth and development of children. Nurses need to identify hospitalized children and mothers have hospital adjustment problems and intervene as soon as possible to promote normal growth and development of theses children.

• 한국정보통신학회논문지
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• 제18권4호
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• pp.965-972
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• 2014

점포 내 혼잡성이 점포태도와 행동의도에 어떠한 영향을 미치는지 조사하고 점포태도 형성 과정에서 나타나는 소비자동조성의 조절적 영향력을 분석하는데 그 목적이 있다. 점포혼잡도 요인으로 사회적 혼잡성과 공간적 혼잡성으로, 행동요인은 구전의도와 재방문의도를, 소비자동조성은 높은집단과 낮은집단으로 제시하였다. 사회적 혼잡성은 점포태도에 유의한 정(+)의 영향을 미치는 것으로 나타났으나, 공간적 혼잡성은 유의하지 못하였다. 행동의도 중 재방문의도는 통계적으로 유의한 관계가 있는 것으로 나타났으나, 구전의도는 유의한 영향관계가 없는 것으로 나타났다. 소비자동조성의 조절효과를 살펴 본 결과 소비자동조성이 높은 집단은 사회적 혼잡성에 큰 영향을 미치는 것으로 나타났으며, 공간적 혼잡성에서 낮은 영향을 미치는 것으로 나타났다.

• 한국산학기술학회논문지
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• 제19권9호
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• pp.100-107
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• 2018

본 연구는 기업의 국제다각화가 하방경직적인 원가행태에 미치는 영향을 실증적으로 분석하였다. 기업의 활동수준을 나타내는 척도로서 매출액이 증가할 때의 원가증가율보다 매출액이 감소할 때의 원가감소율이 낮게 나타나는 원가행태를 하방경직적인 원가행태라고 부른다. 이러한 원가행태는 경영자의 조정비용을 고려한 의사결정으로 인해 발생하는데 국제다각화 기업의 경우, 발생액 상쇄가설에 따라 경영자의 조정비용에 대한 재량적 의사결정 판단개입이 줄어들 것이라고 판단하였다. 실증분석 결과, 국제다각화 기업이 그렇지 않은 기업보다 원가의 하방경직성이 완화되었음이 관찰되었다. 본 연구는 기업의 국제다각화가 경영자의 원가에 관련된 의사결정에 유의한 영향을 줄 수 있는 가를 검증함으로서 자본시장과 학계에 공헌할 것으로 기대된다.

• 유기물자원화
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• 제3권1호
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• pp.13-20
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• 1995

음식쓰레기를 고속발효시켜 동물사료로서 이용할 수 있는가의 여부를 검토하고자 인하대학교 병원과 한양대학교 병원에서 환자급식용으로 제공하는 음식쓰레기를 일정량 채취하여 140L들이의 고속발효기에서 발효시켰다. 첨가제로서는 수분조절 및 영양분의 균형을 위하여 건조한 비지와 톱밥을 습중량으로 약 40~50% 섞었고 종균제를 내용물 총량의 1/300 정도 넣었으며 $46{\sim}52^{\circ}C$의 발효온도에서 40~48시간 발효시켰다. 건조비지를 수분조절제로 사용한 경우는 조단백질과 조회분, 칼슘, 인의 함량이 시판되는 돼지사료보다 약간 떨어졌으며, 톱밥을 수분조절제로 사용한 경우는 조섬유의 함량만 크게 높았고, 기타 다른 성분은 크게 낮았다. 이러한 사실로 미루어 볼때 건조비지를 첨가제로 사용했을 때만이 보조사료로서의 가치가 인정된다고 하겠다.

• Journal of Nutrition and Health
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• 제43권4호
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• pp.357-366
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• 2010

There has been no genome-wide association study (GWAS) for macronutrient intake as a quantitative trait. To explore genetic loci associated with total calorie and macronutrient intake, genome-wide association data of autosomal single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) from Korean adults were analyzed. We conducted a GWAS in 3,690 men and women aged 40 to 60 years from an urban population-based cohort. At the baseline examination (June 18, 2001 through January 29, 2003), DNA samples of the study subjects were collected and analyzed for genotyping. The information of average daily consumption of total calorie, carbohydrate, protein, and fat was obtained from a semi-quantitative food frequency questionnaire and transformed by natural logarithm for analyses after adjustment of calorie intake. Using multivariate linear regression analysis adjusted for age, sex, and height, we tested for 352,021 SNPs and found weak associations, which do not reach genome-wide association significance, with calorie and macronutrient intake. However, a number of SNPs were found to have potential associations with macronutrient intake; in particular, signals in SORBS1 and those in PRKCB1 were likely associated with carbohydrate and fat intake, respectively. We observed an inverse association between the minor allele of the SNPs in these genes and the amount of consumption of carbohydrate or fat. Our GWAS identified loci and minor alleles weakly associated with macronutrient intake. Because SORBS1 and PRKCB1 are reportedly associated with the metabolism of glucose and lipid as well as with obesity-related diseases, further investigations on biological and functional roles of polymorphism of these genes in the relation to macronutrient intake are warranted.