• Korean Journal of Cognitive Science
• /
• v.34 no.3
• /
• pp.181-196
• /
• 2023

Size, velocity, and time equivalence are mechanisms that allow us to perceive objects in three-dimensional space consistently, despite errors on the two-dimensional retinal image. These mechanisms work on common cues, suggesting that the perception of motion distance, motion speed, and motion time may share common processing. This can lead to the hypothesis that, despite the spatial nature of visual stimuli distorting temporal perception, the perception of motion speed and the perception of motion duration will tend to oppose each other, as observed for objects moving in the environment. To test this hypothesis, the present study measured perceived speed using Müller-Lyer illusion stimulus to determine the relationship between the time-perception consequences of motion stimuli observed in previous studies and the speed perception measured in the present study. Experiment 1 manipulated the perceived motion trajectory while controlling for the retinal motion trajectory, and Experiment 2 manipulated the retinal motion trajectory while controlling for the perceived motion trajectory. The result is that the speed of the inward stimulus, which is perceived to be shorter, is estimated to be higher than that of the outward stimulus, which is perceived to be longer than the actual distance traveled. Taken together with previous time perception findings, namely that time perception is expanded for outward stimuli and contracted for inward stimuli, this suggests that when the perceived trajectory of a stimulus manipulated by the Müller-Lyer illusion is controlled for, perceived speed decreases with increasing duration and increases with decreasing duration when the perceived distance of the stimulus is constant. This relationship suggests that the relationship between time and speed perceived by spatial cues corresponds to the properties of objects moving in the environment, i.e, an increase in time decreases speed and a decrease in time increases speed when distance remains the same.

• The Journal of Korean Academic Society of Nursing Education
• /
• v.9 no.1
• /
• pp.144-154
• /
• 2003

Recently, in the academic disciplines critical thinking has been emphasized as the new evolution in education. Problem-based learning is suggested as the evolutionary learning method in developing critical thinking. In the nursing education, PBL is offered as an appropriate teaching method to prepare nurse student for professional. PBL is a student-centered learning strategy aimed at developing critical thinking, motivating self-directed study and attaining autonomy. The purpose of this study was to develop the communication curriculum of nursing education based on PBL and implementing of it. PBL module was developed focused on five communication situations. And learning strategies to facilitate the learning process and the guided questions to stimulate student inquiry were also developed. This PBL education was conducted for six students in the master's course during the 14 weeks from March, 2000 to June, 2000. The outcomes of the PBL education were examined based on the content analysis of the students reflective journal. As a result, it was found that students experienced the effect of it focused on self-oriented, group-oriented, and practice-oriented domain. In the self-oriented domain, the findings indicate that there were 5 kinds of concepts including 'motivation for self-directed study', 'transition toward certainty in knowledge acquisition', 'attempt to apply their prior knowledge into new situation', 'enhancement of self-image in real situation', 'self-growth with self reflection'. In the group-oriented domain, there were 3 kinds of concepts including 'cognitive work in group', 'perception of co-responsibility in attaining learning objectives', 'socialization with group members'. In the practice-oriented domain, there were 3 kinds of concepts including 'linkage theoretical knowledge with real situation', 'attempt to apply in real situation', 'development problem solving skill in real situation'. In conclusion, PBL had a significant effect on self, group, and clinical domain. And assessing PBL outcomes is challenging because standardized instrument do not develop yet. So the findings of this study can suggest the basic data for examining the PBL outcome.

• Korean Institute of Interior Design Journal
• /
• v.20 no.3
• /
• pp.127-134
• /
• 2011

Interior design has diverse functions and roles according to recent changes in life and cultural style. As the meaning of space varies, the furniture as another element of the space should also be planned and included in the beginning of the project to accomplish its functional role on the finished space and not only be placed. The relationship between Interior space and furniture should be studied and understood at the same realm because they have a complementary relationship. The final destination of design, which is very challenging to accommodate people, the designer needs to approach to the interior space and furniture in a cognitive view. The study of Semiotics views in a knowledgeable and epistemological way every element as a sign and by the relationship of their characters it makes to understand the structure of the signs. Charles Sanders Peirce, a leader of Semiotics in USA, classified the structure of Sign into Representamen, Object and Interpretant to complete the theory which could systematically describe physical characteristic and function of the Sign and its significance in practical use. Peirce stated that all nine types of Sign would be generated if each structure of Sign in combined with three categories of Sign such as Firstness, Secondness, and Thirdness. In this study, based on Peirce's nine types of Sign, the interrelationship between space and furniture in interior design was investigated with examples in Living Space, Office Space, and Commercial Space, respectively. In the category of Representamen, which can be classified into Qualisign, Sinsign, and Legisign, it is a feature of Living Space to be expressed in harmonized and stabilized ways. In Office Space vertical/horizontal elements and open expression are differently showed depending on fields. And splendid and interesting expressions are showed in Commercial Space. In the category of Object, which can be classified into Icon, Index, and Symbol, each function of Sign has distinctly been showed as Symbol in Living Space, Index in Office Space, and Icon in Commercial Space, respectively. In the category of Interpretant, which can be classified into Rheme, Dicisign, and Argument, it was found that space image of Living Space is transferred to human being, Office Space regulates human bing, and Commercial Space binds human being with the space. In conclusion the function of the interior space and the furniture could be explained in another way with re-interpretation of interrelationship among interior space elements in the concept of Semiotics. It is expected that interpretation with Semiotics in interior design will grow to new theory of design.

• Science of Emotion and Sensibility
• /
• v.18 no.4
• /
• pp.99-108
• /
• 2015

A majority of past studies have tried to investigate cigarette consumption in terms of smoker's cognitive aspects. However, smokers may experience feelings of guilt as a negative emotion while satisfying hedonic and social motive via cigarette consumption. Particularly, feelings of guilt associated with smoking may be induced when smokers' cigarette consumption contradicts their ideal self-concept or social self-concept. The research thus studied smoker's psychological mechanism, focusing on feelings of guilt associated with cigarette consumption. The results indicated that as smokers perceived physical harm associated with their cigarette consumption more than hedonic benefits from the cigarette consumption, they were more likely to experience feelings of guilt related to themselves and others. As smokers perceived social images of smoker as more negative, they were more likely to experience feelings of guilt related to others. Lastly, smokers' experiencing feelings of guilt related to themselves and others had a positive effect on smoking cessation intent. The research findings suggest that the anti-smoking campaign inducing guilt related to smokers' themselves (e.g., raising the price of cigarettes) and others (e.g., anti-smoking ads displaying physical damage of secondhand smoke on family members) can increase smokers' cessation intent.

• The Journal of the Korea Contents Association
• /
• v.9 no.2
• /
• pp.193-202
• /
• 2009

This dissertation is considerably studied Faction Genre which is embossed as a new image content, and it is figured out practical used works' possibilities for Korea film production's varieties. Faction, a neologism, which is combined by Fiction and Fact, is a boundary as limits. If authentic history is closed to a truth, it is a record history description method. Also, if unauthorized history is closed to a fake, it is a fictitious history description method. In addition, macro history and micro history are respectively connected to social criticism's matter and personal action, and these can make various analyses, depend on a boundary's limits and personal analysis. On the other hand, history film could be remembered to audience merely history film itself without existed history's fact. However, there are Faction Genre's Genre possibility and film's attraction which indirectness experience of historic fact could be experienced through film. For Faction Genre’s developing solution, there are three cognitive switches; audience's interpretation ability about history film through watching perception, linking between the past and the present for audience through communication with history, audience's considerable decision about history first or fiction first as film writer's interpretation. Above all, hopefully filmic pressure can be shown with historical true to audience. Therefore, it would be Korea Faction Genre's attraction and hope.

• Journal of Sericultural and Entomological Science
• /
• v.46 no.2
• /
• pp.77-79
• /
• 2004

To investigate whether BF-7, extracted from Bombyx mori, improved learning and memory of ordinary people, K-WAIS (Korean version of Wechsler adult intelligence scale) was performed in 4 normal students. Treatment with 400 mg of BF-7 increased mean IQ from 103 to 114. To know how BF-7 plays such a positive role, we measured the blood flow to brain, especially for the area concerned with learning and memory, with Single Photon Emission Computed Tomography(SPECT). Our result showed that the blood flow to parahippocampal gyrus and medial temporal area was increased. Also, our results showed the image representing the increase of blood supply in this area. So, our results suggest that BF-7 effectively help to use brain concerning with learning and memory.

• Journal of the Korean Institute of Landscape Architecture
• /
• v.45 no.3
• /
• pp.9-20
• /
• 2017

Camp Page, which has been located in front of Chuncheon Station for about 50 years since 1958, recently opened to the public. Chuncheon City is currently struggling to construct a park on this site due to an uncertainty of general plans and financial difficulties. Accordingly, this research conducted a cognitive survey about site usage with Camp Page users in order to clarify directions for efficient establishment of parks within the former military base. The course of research includes analytical methods such as a survey targeting Chuncheon citizens and tourists both in the field and online, a frequency analysis of 1,360 index samples, a cross analysis and t-test. As a result, firstly, Chuncheon citizens recognized the image of Chuncheon as a city with a fresh, clean lakeshore whereas tourists think of it as a city for sightseeing and leisure. Hence, it was justifiable to conclude that the city should organize various programs for people to enjoy leisure activities while at the same time protecting the environment. Second, the awareness of tourists about Camp Page was relatively low and both citizens and tourists recognize that it was not sufficient enough for enjoyment of free time. The majority answered "space for culture and art and for experiencing the natural environment" when asked about the direction of space creation at Camp Page, which indicates that the site will need to be available both for cultural art and nature experiences. Lastly, it was thought that the direction of developing leisure facilities in Chuncheon city should include the improvement of worn out installations and developing chain products among programs. This research will be able to use fundamental data for the efficient utilization of the returned U.S. military camps that are constantly merging.

• Science of Emotion and Sensibility
• /
• v.17 no.2
• /
• pp.35-44
• /
• 2014

The purpose of this paper is to investigate the readability of Nearly White background color in display environment. To perform the experiment, warmup experiment was carried out to for cognitive of whiteness using a Tablet PC. The experiment environment was by a indoor window seat under a mixture of fluorescent light and sunlight. The result of previous test was that the most whiteness perception was a color white a medium wavelength and followed by the short wavelength. The main experiment was to find readability, color combination and visual strains using 4 nearly whites background colors (Reddish, Greenish, Blueish, Yellowish) and one white background color, also text color is limited on black. As a result, readability and color combination had the highest score against a Greenish white background. Visual strain is also the lowest against a Greenish background. On the contrary, readability and color combination preference has the lowest score against the Reddish background. Visual strain is also the highest against a Reddish background. We propose the background color, which improves readability and reduces visual strain in visual display terminals environment through the research results.

• Journal of KIISE:Computing Practices and Letters
• /
• v.10 no.2
• /
• pp.174-188
• /
• 2004

In the life environment changed with not only the quality and the price of the products but also the material abundance, it is the most crucial factor for the strategy of product sales to investigate consumer's sensibility and preference degree. In this perspective, it is necessary to design and merchandise the products in cope with each consumer's sensibility and needs as well as its functional aspects. In this paper, we propose the Fashion Design Recommender Agent System (FDRAS-pro) for textile design applying collaborative filtering personalization technique as one of the methods of material development centered on consumer's sensibility and preference. For a collaborative filtering system based on textile, Representative-Attribute Neighborhood is adopted to determine the number or neighbors that will be used for preferences estimation. Pearson's Correlation Coefficient is used to calculate similarity weights among users. We build a database founded on the sensibility adjectives to develop textile designs by extracting the representative sensibility adjectives from users' sensibility and preferences about textile designs. FDRAS-pro recommends textile designs to a customer who has a similar propensity about textile. To investigate the sensibility and emotion according to the effect of design factors, fertile designs were analyzed in terms of 9 design factors, such as, motif source, motif-background ratio, motif variation, motif interpretation, motif arrangement, motif articulation, hue contrast, value contrast, chroma contrast. Finally, we plan to conduct empirical applications to verify the adequacy and the validity of our system.

• Science of Emotion and Sensibility
• /
• v.12 no.1
• /
• pp.97-108
• /
• 2009

In the process of product design, shaping is the process of making a substantive existence, and ultimately it generates the outcome. The process of shaping is generally led by designer's initiative work, and in this process, various formative elements are used to generate the outcome. In this research, the basic purposes are to figure out the differences of elements which generated by the differences of consumer's and designer's view in the process of shaping of the product, and the characteristics of the affective responses caused by those differences. Also, it will examine how the consumers can directly participate in the process of the shaping of the consumer-participated product, and the feasible guidelines of design in which consumers' needs can be reflected more efficiently to the process of shaping. As a result, consumers and designers have certain degree of difference of view-point about the formative element of the shape. The difference was due to subjective common ideas of design in case of designers, and in case of consumers, it was due to their immature visual understanding. There is another experiment of affective response about the shape of the product. First, I established the sensible image vocabulary based on the shape of the product. And based on the vocabulary, I carried out the same experiments to the consumers and designers.