• 한국농림기상학회지
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• 제4권3호
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• pp.141-150
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• 2002

본 연구는 경기도 가평과 관주 그리고 충청북도 영동에 조성된 잣나무 차대검정림을 대상으로 20년생까지의 연도별 구과 결실량에 미치는 미기후의 영향을 구명하기 위하여 수행되었다. 이를 위해 지역별ㆍ연도별 구과 결실량을 측정하여 분석하였으며, 지형기후학적 방법과 공간통계기법을 사용하여 차대검정림의 연도별 미기후 조건을 추정하여 구과 결실량에 미치는 영향을 분석하였다. 착과수 및 착과 본수를 조사한 결과 가평 지역은 9년생부터, 광주 지역은 10년 생부터 그리고 영동 지역은 이보다 훨씬 늦은 14년생부터 착과가 이루어지기 시작하여 지역별 편차가 있음을 알 수 있었다. 또한 지역별 총 착과수와 가계별 착과수에서도 큰 변이를 나타내고 있는 것으로 파악되었다. 구과 결실량과 지역별 미기후간의 상관분석 결과를 보면 가평 지역의 경우 개화수분 당년의 11월부터 익년 3월까지 5개월 간의 흐린 날수 합계가 높은 부의 상관을 나타내었으며, 광주 지역의 경우 개화수분 당년 6월부터 결실년도 8월까지 15개월 동안의 일조시수 합계가 유의성이 높은 부의 상관을 나타내었다. 한편, 영동 지역의 경우는 개화수분 당년의 11월부터 익년 3월까지의 평균기온 평균치와 개화수분 당년의 5월 평균기온 등에서 부의 상관관계를 인정할 수 있었다. 한편 구과 결실량을 기후지수에 의해 추정하기 위한 최적 회귀식은 지역별로 다양한 기후변수가 채택되었으나 비교적 설명력이 높아 여러 가지 환경 요인 중에서 미기후 조건이 구과 결실량에 영향을 미치는 것으로 판명되었다. 본 연구로부터 얻어진 결과는 잣나무 우량 종자생산에 적합한 입지선정에 필요한 정보로 활용될 수 있을 것으로 기대된다.

• 한국농림기상학회지
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• 제4권1호
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• pp.1-11
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• 2002

본 연구는 경기도 가평, 광주, 그리고 충청북도 영동에 식재된 잣나무 차대검정림을 대상으로 미기후가 잣나무 초기생장에 미치는 영향을 구명하기 위하여 수행하였다. 이를 위해 먼저 지역별ㆍ임령별로 평균 흉고직경, 평균 수고, ha당 흉고단면적, ha당 재적 등의 임분통계량을 측정ㆍ요약하였으며, 이에 근거하여 10년 생부터 20년 생까지 10년 간의 초기생장에 대한 임분변수별 연년생장량을 파악하였다. 환경요인으로서 각 차대검정림의 지역별 미기후 조건이 생장에 미치는 영향을 분석하기 위해 지형기후학적 방법과 공간통계 기법을 사용하였다. 이상과 같이 얻어진 연도별 기후 추정치에 근거하여 임목생장에 영향을 미치는 30개의 기후지수를 각 차대검정림별로 추정하였다. 최종적으로 이들 30개의 기후지수와 각 임분변수별 연년생장량 간의 상관분석 및 회귀분석을 통하여 국지기후가 잣나무 생장에 미치는 영향을 파악하였다. 지역별 잣나무의 초기생장은 경기도 가평과 광주의 순서로 우수하였으며, 충청북도 영동은 매우 저조한 것으로 나타났다. 이러한 지역별 생장특성은 각 연구 대상지의 미기후와 밀접한 관련을 가지고 있는데, 기온이 낮고 높은 습도를 유지하는 지역이 잣나무 생장에 적합한 것으로 분석되었다. 특히 상관분석과 임분 변수별 생장을 추정하기 위해 도출된 최적 회귀식에 채택된 기후지수를 보면 잣나무의 초기 생장에 결정적인 영향을 미치는 미기후 조건은 낮은 기온인 것으로 판명되었다.

• 한국양봉학회지
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• 제33권4호
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• pp.239-250
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• 2018

We investigated the pollination activity of honeybees (Apis mellifera L.) in terms of different climatic conditions in the greenhouse cultivation of watermelons (Citrullus lanatus L.) during winter. The aim of the study was to search a climatic condition which effectively can be use honeybees as pollinators during the flowering season of watermelons in winter or early spring. The average climatic conditions inside the greenhouse during the bee activity time (BAT)-between 10:00 and 16:00 in mid-Februarywere a temperature of $30.4^{\circ}C$, relative humidity of 53.7%, illuminance level of 22,728.4lx, and UV level of $0.233mW/cm^2$. Bee traffic and foraging activity were at their greatest at 10:00 and tended to decrease with time. Male watermelon flowers typically dehisced between 10:00 and 12:00. Climatic conditions were significantly correlated with bee activities, including bee traffic and foraging activity. Bee activities were positively correlated with temperature, illuminance level, and UV level but negatively correlated with relative humidity. Temperature had the greatest effect on honeybee behavior. Among the foraging honeybees, the number of high-flying bees that did not pollinate flowers showed a strong positive correlation with temperature, and the number of bees landing on the flowers showed a positive correlation with the UV level. The temperature range inside greenhouses at which the pollination activities of honeybees can be maintained efficiently during winter watermelon pollination was found to be $21{\sim}25^{\circ}C$.

• 한국농림기상학회지
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• 제1권1호
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• pp.41-51
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• 1999

본 연구는 경기도 가평과 충천북도 영동에 식재된 잣나무 임분의 임령별 연년생장을 파악하고 지역적 기후조건이 잣나무 초기생장에 미치는 영향을 구명하기 위하여 수행하였다. 먼저 각 지역의 임령별 평균 흉고직경, 평균 수고, ha당 흉고단면적, ha당 재적 등의 임분통계량을 측정 요약하였으며, 이에 근거하여 10년생부터 18년생까지 8년간의 초기생장에 대한 임분변수별 연년생장량을 파악하였다. 연구 대상지의 지역별 미기후는 지형과 기후치간의 관계를 이용한 지형기후학적 방법에 의해 평균기온, 최고기온, 최저 기온, 상대습도, 강수량, 그리고 일조시수의 월별 평년 값을 추정한 후, 공간통계기법을 적용하여 지역별·연도별 월별 기후치를 추정하였다. 이들 자료를 이용하여 임목생장에 영향을 미칠 것으로 판단되는 온량지수, 한랭지수, 건조지수 등의 17개 기후변수를 지역별·연도별로 산출하고 임분변수별 연년생장량과의 상관분석 및 회귀분석을 실시하였다. 잣나무의 초기생장은 경기도 가평이 충청북도 영동에 비하여 훨씬 우수한 성장을 보이고 있었다. 일반적으로 잣나무 임분의 생장은 기온이 낮고 강수량이 많아 높은 습도를 유지하는 지역이 적합한 것으로 알려져 있다. 지역별의 추정된 연도별 미기후와 연년생장과의 상관관계와 회귀분석 결과에 의하면, 가평 지역 잣나무 유령임분의 연년생장은 이러한 일반적인 생장-기후 관계와 일치하는 것으로 나타났다. 하지만 영동지역의 임분변수별 연년생장과 미기후와의 관계는 가평지역과는 다소 다른 경향을 보이고 있다. 이러한 결과는 연간 변이가 심한 기후조건에도 불구하고 비교적 짧은 기간 동안의 자료만으로는 연년생장에 미치는 영향을 구명하는데 한계가 있다는 사실에 기인한다. 또한 영동지역의 저조한 생장의 원인에 미기후 조건 이외에도 지위와 같은 다른 환경요인이 복합적으로 작용하기 때문으로 판단된다.

• KIEAE Journal
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• 제5권2호
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• pp.19-26
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• 2005

Every site has a different given geometrical and climatic condition, which influenced not only the lifestyle of the humanbeings but also the regional architecture. For example, on a cold region, the reduction of the energy loss is necessary, like an igloo, which has a littlest energy loss at hemisphere. Or on a warm region, the house must be protected thermally from the overheating at the sunshining. like a huge shading. An architectural interpretation in the (extreme) moderate climate, like Korea, has always tried to satisfy the both opposite demands simultaneously. A facade, which divides out- and inside, has an ideal position to lead the regulated regional climatic conditions into the room. The Double Facade System(DFS) is well known as an innovative solution in the european countries, like Germany. It provides an reasonable alternative, which can achieve these goals at the same time. A Double Facade System provides an effective sunshade, which means a cooling energy reduction at the warm season. In addition, it enables a natural ventilation at the cold season with the preheating at the system as well as spring and autumn. An ordinary Single Facade System with a inside or outside sun blind provides a solution just for a specified season, like a summer or winter. But the Double Facade System can deal with the various climatic conditions in the moderate climate.

• Safety and Health at Work
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• 제9권1호
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• pp.10-16
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• 2018

Background: A detailed evaluation of the underground mine climate requires extensive measurements to be performed coupled to climatic modeling work. This can be labor-intensive and time-consuming, and consequently impractical for daily work comfort assessments. Therefore, a simple indicator like a heat stress index is needed to enable a quick, valid, and acceptable evaluation of underground climatic conditions on a regular basis. This can be explained by the unending quest to develop a "universal index," which has led to the proliferation of many proposed heat stress indices. Methods: The aim of this research study is to discuss the challenges in identifying and selecting an appropriate heat stress index for thermal planning and management purposes in underground mines. A method is proposed coupled to a defined strategy for selecting and recommending heat stress indices to be used in underground metal mines in the United States and worldwide based on a thermal comfort model. Results: The performance of current heat stress indices used in underground mines varies based on the climatic conditions and the level of activities. Therefore, carefully selecting or establishing an appropriate heat stress index is of paramount importance to ensure the safety, health, and increasing productivity of the underground workers. Conclusion: This method presents an important tool to assess and select the most appropriate index for certain climatic conditions to protect the underground workers from heat-related illnesses. Although complex, the method presents results that are easy to interpret and understand than any of the currently available evaluation methods.

• 한국초지조사료학회지
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• 제38권4호
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• pp.337-342
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• 2018

This study was conducted to perform the suitability analysis of whole-crop rye (Secale cereale L.) based on the climatic information in the Republic of Korea to present useful information for producers and policy makers to determine the site-selection for the cultivation of the whole-crop rye. The criteria to analyze the climatic suitability of whole-crop rye was developed firstly. Then, the climatic suitability map for spatial analysis was developed through weighted overlaying the raster layers of climatic items in the evaluation criteria. Meanwhile, 16 geographically representative weather stations were selected to show examples of the calculation process of the climatic suitability score of a specific cultivation area. The results of the climatic suitability mapping indicated that the climatic conditions in most arable lands of the Republic of Korea such as the coastal, southern, western areas in the southern region of the Korean Peninsula and central areas in Jeju Island are suitable for the cultivation of whole-crop rye. The climatic suitability scores of the 16 weather stations were all in line with the results of the climatic suitability map.

• Structural Engineering and Mechanics
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• 제32권3호
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• pp.429-445
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• 2009

Thermal stability of quasi-isotropic composite and polymeric structures is considered one of the most important criteria in predicting life span of building structures. The outdoor applications of these structures have raised some legitimate concerns about their durability including moisture resistance and thermal stability. Exposure of such quasi-isotropic composite/polymeric structures to various and severe climatic conditions such as heat flux and frigid climate would change the material behavior and thermal viability and may lead to the degradation of material properties and building durability. This paper presents an analytical model for the generalized problem. This model accommodates the non-linearity and the non-homogeneity of the internal heat generated within the structure and the changes, modification to the material constants, and the structural size. The paper also investigates the effect of the incorporation of the temperature and/or material constant sensitive internal heat generation with four encountered climatic conditions on thermal stability of infinite cylindrical quasi-isotropic composite/polymeric structures. This can eventually result in the failure of such structures. Detailed critical analyses for four case studies which consider the population of the internal heat generation, cylindrical size, material constants, and four different climatic conditions are carried out. For each case of the proposed boundary conditions, the critical thermal stability parameter is determined. The results of this paper indicate that the thermal stability parameter is critically dependent on the cylinder size, material constants/selection, the convective heat transfer coefficient, subjected heat flux and other constants accrued from the structure environment.

• 한국작물학회지
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• 제64권3호
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• pp.246-268
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• 2019

Soybean [Glycine max (L.) Merr.] is a species of legume native to East Asia. The interactions between climatic conditions and genetic characteristics are known to affect the agricultural performance of soybean. Therefore, the present investigation was conducted to identify the main elements affecting the agricultural performances of 11 soybean varieties/lines from China [Harbin ($45^{\circ}12^{\prime}N$), Yanji ($42^{\circ}53^{\prime}N$), Dalian ($39^{\circ}30^{\prime}N$), Qingdao ($36^{\circ}26^{\prime}N$)] and the Republic of Korea [Suwon ($37^{\circ}16^{\prime}N$), and Jeonju ($35^{\circ}49^{\prime}N$)]. The days to flowering (DTF) of soybeans with the e1-nf and e1-as alleles and the E1e2e3e4 genotype, except in 'Keumgangkong', 'Tawonkong', and 'Duyoukong', were relatively short compared to those of soybeans with other alleles. Although DTF of the soybeans was highly correlated with all climatic conditions [negative: precipitation, average temperature (AVT), accumulated temperature; positive: day-length (DL)], days to maturity and 100-seed weight of the soybeans showed no significant correlation with any climatic conditions. The soybeans with a dominant Dt1 allele, except 'Tawonkong', had the longest stem length (STL). Moreover, STL of the soybeans grown in the test fields showed a positive correlation with only DL; however, the results of our chamber test that was conducted to complement the field tests showed that STL of soybean was positively affected by AVT and DL. Although soybean yield (YLD) showed positive correlations with latitude and DL (except L62-667, OT89-5, and OT89-6), the response of YLD to the climatic conditions was cultivar-specific. Our results show that DTF and STL of soybeans grown in six different latitudes are highly affected by DL, and AVT and genetic characteristic also affect DTF and STL.

• 수산경영론집
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• 제44권3호
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• pp.77-84
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• 2013

While some steps in laver aquaculture production can be controlled artificially to a certain extent, the culturing process is largely affected by natural factors, such as the characteristics of seawater, climatic and oceanographic conditions, etc. This study aims to find a direct relationship between climatic and oceanographic factors (water temperature, air temperature, salinity, rainfall, sunshine duration and wind speed) and laver aquaculture production in Wando region, the biggest aquaculture production area of laver, located in the southwest coast of Korea using a multiple regression analysis. Despite the small sample size of a dependent variable, the goodness of model fit appeared acceptable. In addition, the R-squared value was 0.951, which means that the variables were very explanatory. Model results indicated that duration of sunshine, temperature, and rainfall during the farming period from the end of September to the end of April would be important factors affecting significantly to the laver aquaculture production.