• Proceedings of the Korea Water Resources Association Conference
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• 2020.06a
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• pp.44-44
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• 2020

최근 기후변화의 기온 상승 및 강수량 증가의 영향으로 농업용수 수요량이 증가하고 있다. 이에 따라 농업용수의 약 60%를 공급하는 농업용 저수지의 용수 수요의 변화와 그에 따른 공급능력에 대한 평가가 필수적이다(한국농어촌공사, 2019). 본 연구에서는 기후변화 시나리오를 기반으로 농업용저수지 물수지 모의 프로그램인 DIROM(Daily Irrigation Reservoir Operation Model) 모형을 활용하여 우리나라 미래 필요수량 변화에 따른 농어촌용수 수요 변화를 분석하고, 가뭄대책단계별 관리수위를 활용해 공급능력을 평가하고자 한다. 필요수량 분석을 위해 2018년 농업생산 기반시설 통계연보의 논면적 자료 및 농어촌용수 이용 합리화계획(2015~2024)의 수로손실, 삼투량 자료를 구축하였고, 공급능력 평가를 위해 한국농어촌공사 관할 3,666개 저수지 중 저수지 시설규모, 수혜면적 등을 고려하여 선정한 426개 저수지를 대상으로 농업기반시설관리시스템(RIMS)의 저수지 제원, 내용적 곡선 및 평년저수율 자료를 수집하였다. 기후변화 시나리오는 기상청으로부터 제공받은 HadGEM3-RA RCP(Representative Concentration Pathway) 8.5 시나리오를 이용하였으며 기후변화 시나리오 기간을 S1(2021-2040), S2(2041-2070), S3(2071-2099)로 구분하여 분석하였다. 전국 필요수량을 산정한 결과 평년(1981-2005) 대비 S1, S2, S3에서 각각 12.0%, 9.1% 16.4 % 증가하여 미래로 갈수록 증가하는 경향이 나타났다. 426개 저수지에 대한 물수지 분석을 통해 저수율을 산정하고 평년저수율을 통해 산정한 가뭄대책단계별 관리수위를 기준으로 용수공급능력을 파악한 결과 저수율이 40% 미만 일이 평년대비 S1, S2, S3에서 15.9일, 11.8일, 18.1일로 증가하였다. 본 연구의 결과는 미래 기후변화에 따른 농업용 저수지 용수관리계획 및 의사결정 자료로 활용 될 것이라 판단된다.

• Journal of Korean Society of Rural Planning
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• v.29 no.4
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• pp.127-135
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• 2023

This study examined the impact of changes in agricultural production methods on society, the economy, and the environment. While traditional open-field farming relied heavily on natural conditions, modern approaches, including greenhouse and smart farming, have emerged to mitigate the effects of climate and seasonal variations. Facility horticulture has been on the rise since the 1990s, and recently, there has been a growing interest in smart farms due to reasons such as climate change adaptation and food security. We compared open-field spinach and greenhouse spinach using agricultural income survey data, and we also compared greenhouse tomato cultivation with smart farming tomato cultivation, utilizing data from the smart farm survey reports. The economic results showed that greenhouse spinach increased yield by 25.8% but experienced a 29% decrease in income due to equipment depreciation. In the case of tomato production in smart farms, both yield and income increased by 36-39% and 34-46%, respectively. In terms of environmental impact, we also compared fertilizer and energy usage. It was found that greenhouse spinach used 29% less fertilizer but 14% more energy compared to open-field spinach. Smart farming for tomatoes saw a negligible decrease in electricity and fuel costs. Regarding the social impact, greenhouse spinach reduced labor hours by 31%, and the introduction of smart farming for tomatoes led to an average 11% reduction in labor hours. This reduction is expected to have a positive effect on sustainable farming. In conclusion, the transition from open-field to greenhouse cultivation and from greenhouse cultivation to smart farming appears to yield positive effects on the economy, environment, and society. Particularly, the reduction in labor hours is beneficial and could potentially contribute to an increase in rural populations.

• Proceedings of the Korean Society of Crop Science Conference
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• 2000.11a
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• pp.28-45
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• 2000

It was unusual crop weather for 1998 and 1999 compared with normal in Korea. The consecutive days of the optimum ripening period for rice plant that had daily mean temperature 21-23C for 40 days after heading, increased with long anomalies in 1998-99. The air temperature during ripening period was much higher than the optimum temperature and lower sunshine hour than normal in the local adaptability tests of newly developed rice lines during those years. In response of rice cultivation to warming and cloudy weather during crop season, the yield shall be decreased. Most scientists agree that the rate of heating is accelerating and temperature change could become increasingly disruptive. Weather patterns should also become more erratic. Agrometeorologists could be analyzed yearly variations of temperature, sunshine hour and rainfall pattern focused on transient agroclimate change for last a decade. Rice agronomists could be established taking advantage of real time agricultural meteorology information system for fertilization, irrigation, pest control and harvest. Also they could be analyzed the characteristics of flowering response of the recommended and newly bred rice cultivars for suitable cropping plan such as cultural patterns and sowing or transplanting date. Rice breeders should be deeply considered introducing the characteristics of basic vegetative type of flowering response like Tonsil rices as prospective rice cultivars corresponding to global warming because of the rices needed higher temperature at ripening stage than Japonica rices, photoperiod sensitive and thermo-sensitive ecotypes

• Journal of Korean Society of Rural Planning
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• v.21 no.4
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• pp.27-33
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• 2015

Forest ecosystem is considered as an important stepping stone to minimize the impact of climate change. However, the rapid urbanization has caused fragmentation of forest ecosystem. The fragmentation of forest patch results in edge effect which brings about adverse impacts on forest function and structure. Degradation of forest ecosystem decreases carbon sequestration because edge effect reduces productivity. Therefore, we analyzed the impact of forest edge effect on forest ecosystem carbon stock change in Seongnam-si, Gyeonggi-do. We used connectivity analysis to determine forest edge and core area. The field study sites were selected with considering forest age, density, class and soil type. Secondly, forest carbon stock was calculated with allometric equation. The soil carbon stock was derived from Walkely-Black method. Lastly, Mann-Whitney test was conducted to validate differences between carbon stock in edge and core area. As a result of study, the connectivity analysis was effective to determine forest edge and core. The core and edge of forest patch showed different composition of tree species and soil properties. Carbon stock per tree in the edge area was lower than that in the core area. However, the difference of soil organic carbon content between the edge and core were relatively small. This assessment can be applied for the conservation of forest patch as well as quantitative assessment on the forest carbon stock change caused by fragmentation.

• Atmosphere
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• v.32 no.3
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• pp.223-233
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• 2022

Recent studies have shown that Madden-Julian Oscillation (MJO) is modulated by Quasi-Biennial Oscillation (QBO) during the boreal winter; MJO becomes more active and predictable during the easterly phase of QBO (EQBO) than the westerly phase (WQBO). Despite growing evidences, climate models fail to capture the QBO-MJO connection. One of the possible reasons is a weak static stability change in the upper troposphere and lower stratosphere (UTLS) by neglecting QBO-induced ozone change in the model. Here, we investigate the possible impact of the ozone-radiative feedback in the tropical UTLS on the QBO-MJO connection by integrating the Global Seasonal Forecasting System 5 (GloSea5) model. A set of experiments is conducted by prescribing either the climatological ozone or the observed ozone at a given year for the EQBO-MJO event in January 2006. The realistic ozone improves the temperature simulation in the UTLS. However, its impacts on the MJO are not evident. The MJO phase and amplitude do not change much when the ozone is prescribed with observation. While it may suggest that the ozone-radiative feedback plays a rather minor role in the QBO-MJO connection, it could also result from model biases in UTLS temperature and not-well organized MJO in the model.

• Journal of Wetlands Research
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• v.25 no.4
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• pp.353-365
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• 2023

The effects of climate change on green infrastructure and environmental media remain uncertain and context-specific despite numerous climate projections globally. In this study, the extreme weather conditions in seven major cities in South Korea were characterized through statistical analysis of 20-year daily meteorological data extracted fro m the Korea Meteorological Administration (KMA). Additionally, the impacts of extreme weather on Nature-based Solutions (NbS) were determined through a comprehensive review. The results of the statistical analysis and comprehensive review revealed the studied cities are potentially vulnerable to varying extreme weather conditions, depending on geographic location, surface imperviousness, and local weather patterns. Temperature extremes were seen as potential threats to the resilience of NbS in Seoul, as both the highest maximum and lowest minimum temperatures were observed in the mentioned city. Moreover, extreme values for precipitation and maximum wind speed were observed in cities from the southern part of South Korea, particularly Busan, Ulsan, and Jeju. It was also found that extremely low temperatures induce the most impact on the resilience of NbS and environmental media. Extremely cold conditions were identified to reduce the pollutant removal efficiency of biochar, sand, gravel, and woodchip, as well as the nutrient uptake capabilities of constructed wetlands (CWs). In response to the negative impacts of extreme weather on the effectiveness of NbS, several adaptation strategies, such as the addition of shading and insulation systems, were also identified in this study. The results of this study are seen as beneficial to improving the resilience of NbS in South Korea and other locations with similar climate characteristics.

• KIEAE Journal
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• v.11 no.4
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• pp.63-70
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• 2011

In respond to the global energy crisis and climate change, there have been many ongoing national efforts to develop a sustainable housing prototype followed by "2 million Green Home Project" in Korea. More than 50% of nation's population are currently living in apartment housing thus the country is seriously in need of developing green apartment prototype. In this research, we focused on energy-conservative green apartment design prototype that have both passive components and active systems explored in a systemic design approach. After selecting an existing basic apartment unit, we analyzed and compared statistical data with the simulated annual energy consumption to match these two data sets for validating simulation accuracy performed with TRNSYS package. We performed energy simulations with different passive design factors such as varied insulation thickness, window types and infiltration rates as well as the active design factors including boilers and lighting fixtures to analyze their impacts on the energy performance of the housing unit using TRNSYS software. As a result, we acquired significant energy reduction effect with explored design strategies but the life cycle cost analysis for the final design guidline would need to be performed. In this study, we focused on a systematic comparative energy analysis based on TRNSYS that can improve the design of a green apartment housing.

• The Transactions of The Korean Institute of Electrical Engineers
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• v.65 no.9
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• pp.1577-1582
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• 2016

Now we are facing severe environmental issues such as global warming. Due to these, the concerns about eco-friendly energy have been increased. Kyoto protocol and Copenhagen climate change conference are circumstantial evidence of it. With these trends, the interests for the Electric Vehicles(EVs) which do not emit any harmful gases have gradually been raised. Unfortunately, however, massive connection of EVs to the power system could cause negative impacts such as voltage variations, frequency variations and increase of demand power. To prevent the mentioned issues, KEPCO adopts Time-of-Use(ToU) price for EVs charging. Nevertheless, it is important to verify the propriety of the charging system. In this paper, therefore, we used pre-introduced price elasticity concept to predict possible Demand Response(DR) on charging of EVs. And analyzed possible demand power increase according to various price elasticities. Simulation results show that given ToU based charging system would not enough to control the increase of demand power by EVs on the power system. It is concluded, therefore, additional methods and/or algorithms are required.

• Proceedings of the KIEE Conference
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• 2006.07a
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• pp.420-421
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• 2006

The cost-effective reduction of greenhouse gas(GHG) emission to avert the most severe impacts of climate change remains one of the widely accepted priorities for global action. In order to facilitate cost-effective abatement strategies, the Kyoto Protocol introduced three mechanisms, or flexible instruments, the Emissions Trading(ET), the Joint Implementation(JI) and the Clean Development Mechanism(CDM). The CDM enables Annex I countries to the Kyoto Protocol to partially meet cost-effectively their emission reduction commitments by undertaking GHG mitigation Projects in developing countries, which do not have any GHG abatement obligations and where the emission reductions are cheaper. One of the major barriers hampering the wide spread implementation of CDM is the high transaction costs associated with the initial identification of promising CDM projects. This paper presents development of a pre-validation program of CDM. The developed program may provide a useful aid to potential investors and project developers as a supportive pre-evaluation tool, and may become an effective tool for the promotion of renewable energy and fuel switching projects.

• The International Journal of Costume Culture
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• v.13 no.2
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• pp.93-100
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• 2010

The business strategies of small to medium enterprises (SMEs), especially in relation to the Japanese apparel wholesaler and apparel manufacture markets, have been undertaken by Urakami and his colleagues (Komiya et al., 2009; Urakami et al., 2009; Urakami & Wu 2010). The aim now is to investigate the changing business climate of apparel products in Asia, now that China seems to a major player of apparel products in the Asian region. The production of apparel products from China has resulted in a major shift of the business environment. Such products have now invaded import markets throughout the world economies. Such a drastic change in the business environment impacts the structure of distribution channels in competing economies, affecting both wholesalers and manufactures. This research focuses on the effects this has had on the Japanese distribution channels. The findings derived from our previous research are highlighted, together with several planned hypotheses that require testing, in order to build a clearer understanding of apparel manufacturing in the Asian region.