• Journal of Korean Society of Forest Science
• /
• v.88 no.3
• /
• pp.309-319
• /
• 1999

This study was conducted to get forest scenic beauty management information toward forest working systems; characteristics in Larix forest stands. 35 different alternatives were simulated to visualize on basis of actual forest working methods. The options were illustrated as photos produced by computer software. Each alternatives were evaluated by 3 groups with total 593 respondents after reliability test. Visual preference evaluation was used 1 - 10 point rating scale. The ratings were scaled using SBE analysis program of RMRATE. To compare the relationship of visual preference and image scale, Spatial images of 13 thinning alternatives were measured by Semantic differential scale. In general, the respondents preferred refreshing and ordering forest stand after forest working to natural forest stand before forest working. Visual preference decreased with the increasing intensity of bare ground area and slash area in forest stand. And also, visual preference was high related to tree density, clear length of stem, and ground vegetation. Farm line of small clear cutting area was preferred straight line to curve line. Visual preferences were significant differences in certain socioeconomic variables of the respondents. Results indicate how to conduct forest working system for forest scenic beauty management.

• The Journal of the Korea institute of electronic communication sciences
• /
• v.13 no.6
• /
• pp.1353-1364
• /
• 2018

This study proposed a method to detect Cochlodinium polykrikoides red tide pixels in satellite images using a logistic regression model of machine learning technique under Imbalanced data. The spectral profiles extracted from red tide, clear water, and turbid water were used as training dataset. 70% of the entire data set was extracted and used for as model training, and the classification accuracy of the model was evaluated using the remaining 30%. At this time, the white noise was added to the spectral profile of the red tide, which has a relatively small number of data compared to the clear water and the turbid water, and over-sampling was performed to solve the unbalanced data problem. As a result of the accuracy evaluation, the proposed algorithm showed about 94% classification accuracy.

• Journal of Industrial Convergence
• /
• v.21 no.8
• /
• pp.13-21
• /
• 2023

The purpose of this study was to compare storytelling with TV entertainment programs to find out which elements of web entertainment affected the shift of viewers' interest, and to identify the characteristics of web entertainment storytelling. To this end, each of the web and TV entertainment programs were selected for storytelling analysis, and storytelling analyzed the contents of each item by dividing them into images, backgrounds, stories, and characters. As a result of the analysis, unlike TV programs, web entertainment storytelling allows viewers to immerse themselves in content through a composition that runs directly from the beginning to the crisis, and is characterized by a clear formation in a short video through a clear ending narrative. These research results hope that short-form web entertainment programs produced in the future will be able to identify strategies for viewers' immersion and storytelling strategies.

• Journal of radiological science and technology
• /
• v.47 no.2
• /
• pp.87-95
• /
• 2024

Most knee axial radiographs, known as sunrise and skyline view, were performed with the patient in the prone position. The authors tried to address some of the shortcomings of conventional radiography by developing a new radiography method, K-RAD. According to previous research, the K-RAD method showed a wider patellar-femoral joint space than conventional radiography and provided a clear patellar hemi-lateral image with a constant gap between the femoral trochlear groove and tibial tuberosity. The authors worked with an orthopedic specialist to perform radiography using the K-RAD method rather than using existing methods, and as a result, the two knees were aligned correctly and a clear image of the patellar-femoral joint space was created. The authors propose the K-RAD method for knee axial radiography because the K-RAD method provides a sense of stability to the patient and provides images with high diagnostic value.

• Korean Journal of Radiology
• /
• v.22 no.5
• /
• pp.735-741
• /
• 2021

Objective: To evaluate circularity as a quantitative shape factor of small renal tumor on computed tomography (CT) in differentiating fat-poor angiomyolipoma (AML) from renal cell carcinoma (RCC). Materials and Methods: In 257 consecutive patients, 257 pathologically confirmed renal tumors (either AML or RCC less than 4 cm), which did not include visible fat on unenhanced CT, were retrospectively evaluated. A radiologist drew the tumor margin to measure the perimeter and area in all the contrast-enhanced axial CT images. In each image, a quantitative shape factor, circularity, was calculated using the following equation: 4 x π x (area ÷ perimeter²). The median circularity (circularity index) was adopted as a representative value in each tumor. The circularity index was compared between fat-poor AML and RCC, and the receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve analysis was performed. Univariable and multivariable binary logistic regression analysis was performed to determine the independent predictor of fat-poor AML. Results: Of the 257 tumors, 26 were AMLs and 231 were RCCs (184 clear cell RCCs, 25 papillary RCCs, and 22 chromophobe RCCs). The mean circularity index of AML was significantly lower than that of RCC (0.86 ± 0.04 vs. 0.93 ± 0.02, p < 0.001). The mean circularity index was not different between the subtypes of RCCs (0.93 ± 0.02, 0.92 ± 0.02, and 0.92 ± 0.02 for clear cell, papillary, and chromophobe RCCs, respectively, p = 0.210). The area under the ROC curve of circularity index was 0.924 for differentiating fat-poor AML from RCC. The sensitivity and specificity were 88.5% and 90.9%, respectively (cut-off, 0.90). Lower circularity index (≤ 0.9) was an independent predictor (odds ratio, 41.0; p < 0.001) for predicting fat-poor AML on multivariable logistic regression analysis. Conclusion: Circularity is a useful quantitative shape factor of small renal tumor for differentiating fat-poor AML from RCC.

• Korean Journal of Remote Sensing
• /
• v.32 no.3
• /
• pp.253-262
• /
• 2016

Here, we estimated daily Photosynthetically Available Radiation (PAR) from Geostationary Ocean Colour Imager (GOCI) and compared it with daily PAR derived from polar-orbiting MODIS images. GOCI-based PAR was also validated with in-situ measurements from ocean research station, Socheongcho. GOCI PAR showed similar patterns with in-situ measurements for both the clear-sky and cloudy day, whereas MODIS PAR showed irregular patterns at cloudy conditions in some areas where PAR could not be derived due to the clouds of sunglint. GOCI PAR had shown a constant difference with the in-situ measurements, which was corrected using the in-situ measurements obtained on the days of clear-sky conditions at Socheongcho station. After the corrections, GOCI PAR showed a good agreement excepting on the days with so thick cloud that the sensor was optically saturated. This study revealed that GOCI can estimate effectively the daily PAR with its advantages of acquiring data more frequently, eight times a day at an hourly interval in daytime, than other polar orbit ocean colour satellites, which can reduce the uncertainties induced by the existence and movement of the cloud and insufficient images to map the daily PAR at the seas around Korean peninsula.

• Sijohaknonchong
• /
• v.25
• /
• pp.5-27
• /
• 2006

This paper aims at examining how sijo works, including ancient sijo works, those published before the 1960s, those written by China-residing Koreans, and those published in the 2000s, convey the poetic meaning in terms of sentence structure. Firstly, ancient sijo works, those published before the 1960s, and those written by China-residing Koreans, have sentences. whose meaning the readers can easily grasp, with simple structures and little rhetoric words. But moderns works published In the 2000s (modern sijo works after) are mingled with too many rhetoric expressions, sometimes misused. Secondly, ancient sijo works, those published before the 1960s, and those written by China-residing Koreans, having a clarified subject-verb context. are easily understood by the readers. But, in modern sijo works, there are many cases with an unclarified subject-verb context and redundant rhetoric words, which will cause misunderstanding of the meaning of the work. Thirdly, in ancient sijo works. those published before the 1960s and those written by China-residing Koreans, each of the three statements (called in) in a stanza is separate from the others in context. But, in some modern sijo works, the first and second statements (called chojang and jungjang) fall into just rhetoric parts for the last statement (called jongjang), and each of them is not read as an independent statement. Fourthly, there are some cases whose forms are distant from those of siio works. but are written in three statements like traditional sijo works. Regular poems, though written in regular rhythm, should be also acoustically regular. Sijo works should be easily understood when recited. If not, they are basically far from sijo works. If modern sijo works should overcome their easy expressions and simplicity of themes, they should be composed through using not complicated sentence structures but brand-new metaphors, clear images, and fresh themes.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Surveying, Geodesy, Photogrammetry and Cartography
• /
• v.32 no.2
• /
• pp.133-142
• /
• 2014

Landsat is one of the popular satellites for observing land surface that is used in various areas including monitoring, detecting and classifying changes in land surface. However, shades, which cloud itself and its shadow, interrupted often clear observation and analysis of ground surface. For this reason, the process of removing shades and restoring original ground surfaces are critical for geospatial users. This study is planned to recommend a methodology for more accurate and clear images of Landsat-8 sensor, which provided two additional bands of costal/aerosol and cirrus. In fact, those bands are known as functioned effectively in detecting and restoring shades. Otsu's thresholding technique to detect clouds, we replaced those detective shades by using experimental and reference images. In accurate assessment, the overall accuracy and kappa coefficients were about 85% and 0.7128, respectively. This indicates that the proposed technique is effective for recovering the original land surface.

• Archives of design research
• /
• v.16 no.2
• /
• pp.323-334
• /
• 2003

This study is focused on subjective images that are produced before visualization in the digital information environment and on characteristics of objective, dynamic image expression that specifies the subjective images. In this study, the visual world that works in the action of "see"is expanded into vision of eyes, vision of brain, and vision of camera. Also we have redefined the definitions of image and its materialized image, yeongsang. It is defined that image contains a strong meaning of consciousness and mind, and that yeongsang involves vision in which constantly changing information of light is created and reproduced by physical processes. We made it clear that image expression in the 21 st century is becoming more generalized, simplified, and concentrated, by the digital technology, from existing specific non-real images to "informationalized" non-real images. This means that there exists an intrinsic difference in the expressional form of the modern analog environment and that of the recent digital environment in the area of yeongsang communication. Along with development of technology, image information raises plastic reality through indirect experience in the virtual space by expanding the sensual faculty of human. However, there also is a tendency for humans to rely more on technology instead of utilizing their creative faculty. Image expression by“the digital information environment” in the 21st century will pursue two sides; one is to shift from external expression of the human body in the cyber space to internal expression, and the other is to internalize the image world and make it connected worldwide. Further research is necessary in these fields.ary in these fields.

• Journal of Biosystems Engineering
• /
• v.41 no.2
• /
• pp.126-137
• /
• 2016

Purpose: The overall objective of this study was to evaluate the vegetation fraction of soybeans, grown under different cropping conditions using an unmanned aerial vehicle (UAV) equipped with a red, green, and blue (RGB) camera. Methods: Test plots were prepared based on different cropping treatments, i.e., soybean single-cropping, with and without herbicide application and soybean and barley-cover cropping, with and without herbicide application. The UAV flights were manually controlled using a remote flight controller on the ground, with 2.4 GHz radio frequency communication. For image pre-processing, the acquired images were pre-treated and georeferenced using a fisheye distortion removal function, and ground control points were collected using Google Maps. Tarpaulin panels of different colors were used to calibrate the multi-temporal images by converting the RGB digital number values into the RGB reflectance spectrum, utilizing a linear regression method. Excess Green (ExG) vegetation indices for each of the test plots were compared with the M-statistic method in order to quantitatively evaluate the greenness of soybean fields under different cropping systems. Results: The reflectance calibration methods used in the study showed high coefficients of determination, ranging from 0.8 to 0.9, indicating the feasibility of a linear regression fitting method for monitoring multi-temporal RGB images of soybean fields. As expected, the ExG vegetation indices changed according to different soybean growth stages, showing clear differences among the test plots with different cropping treatments in the early season of < 60 days after sowing (DAS). With the M-statistic method, the test plots under different treatments could be discriminated in the early seasons of <41 DAS, showing a value of M > 1. Conclusion: Therefore, multi-temporal images obtained with an UAV and a RGB camera could be applied for quantifying overall vegetation fractions and crop growth status, and this information could contribute to determine proper treatments for the vegetation fraction.