• The Journal of Korea Institute of Information, Electronics, and Communication Technology
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• v.16 no.6
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• pp.533-539
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• 2023

This study aimed to analyze patients hospitalized for injuries who fell using the data from 2020 to 2021 at institution A located in Gangneung-si, Gangwon-do, using codes for causes of injury. After classifying 20 codes from W00 to W19, which are external cause codes for fall patients, the most frequently occurring W18, W01, W10, and W13 were analyzed. The external cause of injury code W18 was other falls on the same plane, with the highest frequency of S72 and Z47, S72 being a fracture of the femur, and Z47 being orthopedic follow-up treatment. The external injury code W01 was determined to be a fall on the same plane due to slipping, tripping, and tripping, and like W18, S72, a fracture of the femur, and Z47, orthopedic follow-up treatment, were frequently reported. In W10, intracranial injuries such as concussion and epidural hemorrhage due to a fall on the stairs, S06, were common. Lastly, in W13, 91% of cases occurred in people in their 40s to 70s due to falls from buildings or structures, confirming that they occur frequently in middle-aged people, Z47 had the most frequent orthopedic follow-up treatment, and S72 had a fracture of the femur. It was found to be the second most common. In this way, the frequency of falling patients was analyzed, and the age and main diagnosis code at which most falls occurred were analyzed.

• Information Systems Review
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• v.24 no.1
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• pp.157-181
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• 2022

As competition in the airline industry intensifies, effective airline service quality evaluation has become one of the main challenges. In particular, as big data analytics has been touted as a new research paradigm, new research on service quality measurement using online review analysis has been attempted. However, these studies do not use review titles for analysis, relyon supervised learning that requires a lot of human intervention in learning, and do not consider airline characteristics in classifying service quality dimensions.To overcome the limitations of existing studies, this study attempts to measure airlines service quality and to classify it into the AIRQUAL service quality dimension using online review text as well as title based on self-trainingand sentiment analysis. The results show the way of effective extracting service quality dimensions of AIRQUAL from online reviews, and find that each service quality dimension have a significant effect on service satisfaction. Furthermore, the effect of review title on service satisfaction is also found to be significant. This study sheds new light on service quality measurement in airline industry by using an advanced analytical approach to analyze effects of service quality on customer satisfaction. This study also helps managers who want to improve customer satisfaction by providing high quality service in airline industry.

• Journal of The Korean Association For Science Education
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• v.27 no.1
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• pp.70-83
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• 2007

Reflection in teacher education is one reform effort that has taken hold in many teacher preparation programs. However, how to define it and how to foster it in a teacher's education are problematic issues. In this study, on the basis of literature review, science teachers' reflective thinking is defined as a process of thinking that deliberates on alternatives to solve conflict between one's previous knowledge/belief/practice and internal/external factors in science teaching context. Based on this definition, three types of science teachers' reflective thinking (i.e. technical reflection, professional reflection and critical reflection) were proposed. In addition, a framework of classifying the reflective thinking's types was also developed. To investigate science teachers' reflective thinking, two pre-service science teachers who majored in physics education participated in this study. The participants presented the monthly report on reflective practice, pre/post questionnaire, and education practicum journals. Individual interviews with them were conducted before and after their teaching activities. From the analysis of the data, it was possible to categorize the reflective thinking of the participants into three types. The major type of their reflective thinking was the technical reflection. However, it was difficult to find examples of the critical reflection.

• Journal of The Korean Association For Science Education
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• v.29 no.6
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• pp.712-729
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• 2009

This study aims to research high school students' misconception of botanic photosynthesis and respiration, and as the measure of rectifying the misconception, to develop the teaching program based on Driver's conceptual change model, applying it to classes and observing the effect. Selected as the research subject was sixty-six students in 1st year of a highschool located in Busan who had chosen Biology Learning as discretionary subject, with their conceptual level on botanic photosynthesis and respiration researched through tests in drawing and descriptive writing. As a consequence of applying drawing as a way of classifying the levels of students' misconception on photosynthesis and respiration, many students' drawings included their misconception caused by textbooks or scientists, but after application of Driver's conceptual change model, they drew scientific drawings including the fundamental factors of botanic photosynthesis and respiration such as light, carbon dioxide, water, glucose, oxygen, leaf, chloroplast, mitochondria, stoma, and energy. Likewise, as a result of the descriptive writing test implemented for researching the students' conception on the various aspects of botanic photosynthesis and respiration, many students in the pretest showed misconception on the point of time and location at which botanic photosynthesis and respiration occur, botanic nutrient, the role of a leaf in photosynthesis, and the relation between botanic photosynthesis and respiration, but after teaching based on Driver's conceptual change model, their misconceptions on photosynthesis and respiration were rectified to a high degree.

• The Journal of The Korea Institute of Intelligent Transport Systems
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• v.23 no.2
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• pp.15-31
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• 2024

The characteristics of elderly traffic accidents were identified by reflecting the situation of the elderly population in Korea, which is entering an ultra-aging society, and the relationship between independent and dependent variables was analyzed by classifying traffic accidents of serious or higher and traffic accidents of minor or lower in elderly pedestrian traffic accidents using binomial variables. Data collection, processing, and variable selection were performed by acquiring data from the elderly pedestrian traffic accident analysis system (TAAS) for the past 10 years (from 13 to 22 years), and basic statistics and analysis by accident factors were performed. A total of 15 influencing variables were derived by applying the logistic regression model, and the influencing variables that have the greatest influence on the probability of a traffic accident involving severe or higher elderly pedestrians were derived. After that, statistical tests were performed to analyze the suitability of the logistic model, and a method for predicting the probability of a traffic accident according to the construction of a prediction model was presented.

• KSCE Journal of Civil and Environmental Engineering Research
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• v.44 no.1
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• pp.63-73
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• 2024

Autonomous vehicles at Levels 3 to 5, currently under global research and development, seek to replace the driver's perception, judgment, and control processes with various sensors integrated into the vehicle. This integration enables artificial intelligence to autonomously perform the majority of driving tasks. However, autonomous vehicles currently obtain temporary driving permits, allowing them to operate on roads if they meet minimum criteria for autonomous judgment abilities set by individual countries. When autonomous vehicles become more widespread in the future, it is anticipated that buyers may not have high confidence in the ability of these vehicles to avoid hazardous situations due to the limitations of temporary driving permits. In this study, we propose a method for grading the judgment abilities of autonomous vehicles based on a driving simulator experiment comparing and evaluating drivers' abilities to avoid hazardous situations. The goal is to derive evaluation criteria that allow for grading based on specific scenarios and to propose a framework for grading autonomous vehicles. Thirty adults (25 males and 5 females) participated in the driving simulator experiment. The analysis of the experimental results involved K-means cluster analysis and independent sample t-tests, confirming the possibility of classifying the judgment abilities of autonomous vehicles and the statistical significance of such classifications. Enhancing confidence in the risk-avoidance capabilities of autonomous vehicles in future hazardous situations could be a significant contribution of this research.

• Journal of Wetlands Research
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• v.26 no.1
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• pp.51-61
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• 2024

This study was conducted to identify the community structure of two outstanding forest wetlands in Goheung-gun, Jeollanam-do, and to investigate their succession trends. vegetation survey was conducted using the Z-M phytosociological method From May to October, 2023, and based on this data, the Actual vegetation map was created by categorizing communities. This resulted in the classification of six communities. namely, Rhynchospora faberi community, Alnus japonica-Molinia japonica community, Ilex crenata-M. japonica community, M. japonica community, A. japonica-Pinus densiflora community and A. japonica community. The results of each layer's importance value (IV) analysis results indicated that in the R. faberi community, that of R. faberi, an obligate wetland plant, was high. In the subtree and shrub layers of the other five communities, A. japonica, a key species in wetland ecosystems, and Pinus densiflora and I. crenata, both obligate upland plants, exhibited higher IV. In the herb layer, the IV of M. japonica, a representative species of intermediate wetlands, was notably high. The results of classifying all observed plant species in the survey area based on their wetland preference revealed that in the R. faberi community, the occurrence rate of obligate wetland plants was high. However, in the other five communities, the occurrence rate of obligate upland plants was predominantly observed. Excluding the R. faberi community, in the other five communities constituting the outstanding forest wetlands, the occurrence rate of upland plants among the forest plants was high. It was observed that M. japonica which typically appears during the transition of wetlands to drier stages, was flourishing, indicating that the wetland was undergoing vegetation succession and terrestrialization.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Environmental Restoration Technology
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• v.27 no.1
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• pp.31-44
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• 2024

The coastal dune ecosystem is one of the ecosystems under the most development pressure in Korea. Therefore, it is necessary to study the ecological location and related ecological phenomena of coastal dune plants, but related studies are lacking. Through this study, we intend to conduct research on the structure and restoration of dune plants, focusing on the coastal dunes in Jeju Island, which are affected by artificial development pressure and the continuous increase in tourists among many coastal dunes in Korea. Ecosystems of coastal sand dunes for vegetation survey in Jeju Island are selected based on naturalness and preservation. In this study, 23 major coastal dunes on Jeju Island including Udo were selected. In the coastal dunes of Jeju Island, a whole species survey and quadrat survey were carried out. The vegetation survey at study sites were conducted on May to September 2022, when the vegetation is clearly visible. At the survey site, the dune area was identified at the beginning and the plant species were recorded until no more new species appeared. Vegetation survey in the field was performed by 103 quadrat establishments and was conducted using Braun-Blanquet method. A total of 277 species appeared, and the most common species were Vitex rotundifolia and Calystegia soldanella. The frequency of both Vitex rotundifolia and Calystegia soldanella was approximately over 90%. The proportion of woody and herbaceous in all emerging species was 7.2% and 92.8%, respectively. The total number of species found in the quadrat survey was 98. As a result of classifying plant communities based on species dominance in the quadrats, it was analyzed into 30 plant communities. The plant communities that appeared with a frequency of 2 or more on the main island of Jeju were Vitex rotundifolia, Imperata cylindrica var. koenigii, Ischaemum antephoroides, Wedelia prostrata, Elymus mollis, Calystegia soldanella, Artemisia scoparia, and Tetragonia tetragonoides. The DCCA(detrended canonical correspondence analysis) based on the vegetation and environment factor matrix showed that the height and covers of the dominant plant species explain significantly the variation and distribution of coastal sand dune species on Jeju island. Thus, we may propose a plan to restore the coastal dunes of Jeju island as helping colonization and establishment of mainly sand dune native perennials and trees, preserving native plant communities that are declining and preserving present tree strips of Pinus thunbergii, Litsea japonica, Pittosporum tobira and Vitex rotundifolia.

• Information Systems Review
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• v.22 no.4
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• pp.75-92
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• 2020

As population and generation structures change, more and more customers tend to avoid facing relation due to the development of information technology and spread of smart phones. This phenomenon consists with efficiency and immediacy, which are the consumption patterns of modern customers who are used to information technology, so offline network-oriented distribution companies actively try to switch their sales and services to untact patterns. Recently, untact services are boosted in various fields, but beauty products are not easy to be recommended through untact services due to many options depending on skin types and conditions. There have been many studies on recommendations and development of recommendation systems in the online beauty field, but most of them are the ones that develop recommendation algorithm using survey or social data. In other words, there were not enough studies that classify segments based on user information such as skin types and product preference. Therefore, this study classifies customer segments using machine learning technique K-prototypesalgorithm based on customer information and search log data of mobile application, which is one of untact services in the beauty field, based on which, untact marketing strategy is suggested. This study expands the scope of the previous literature by classifying customer segments using the machine learning technique. This study is practically meaningful in that it classifies customer segments by reflecting new consumption trend of untact service, and based on this, it suggests a specific plan that can be used in untact services of the beauty field.

• Smart Media Journal
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• v.13 no.6
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• pp.9-15
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• 2024

In recent trends, there has been an increase in 'Qshing' attacks, a hybrid form of phishing that exploits fake QR (Quick Response) codes impersonating government agencies to steal personal and financial information. Particularly, this attack method is characterized by its stealthiness, as victims can be redirected to phishing pages or led to download malicious software simply by scanning a QR code, making it difficult for them to realize they have been targeted. In this paper, we have developed a classification technique utilizing machine learning algorithms to identify the maliciousness of URLs embedded in QR codes, and we have explored ways to integrate this with existing QR code readers. To this end, we constructed a dataset from 128,587 malicious URLs and 428,102 benign URLs, extracting 35 different features such as protocol and parameters, and used AutoML to identify the optimal algorithm and hyperparameters, achieving an accuracy of approximately 87.37%. Following this, we designed the integration of the trained classification model with existing QR code readers to implement a service capable of countering Qshing attacks. In conclusion, our findings confirm that deriving an optimized algorithm for classifying malicious URLs in QR codes and integrating it with existing QR code readers presents a viable solution to combat Qshing attacks.