• Journal of Information Science Theory and Practice
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• v.3 no.3
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• pp.17-44
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• 2015

Due to the oil business, settlements in the Gulf Region developed into prosperous cities. But in the near future, oil is off. The plans of the Gulf Cooperation Council (GCC) states bank on diversified and knowledge-intensive economies. Are those development plans realistic? What is the state of the art of knowledge institutions in the GCC countries? Applying the theoretical frameworks of Knowledge City and Science Indicators research, we empirically and theoretically studied the emerging Gulf cities Kuwait City (Kuwait), Manama (Bahrain), Doha (Qatar), Abu Dhabi, Dubai, Sharjah (all UAE), and Muscat (Oman). Our methodological framework includes grounded theory, ethnographic field study, ServQual-like quantitative questionnaires and semi-standardized qualitative interviews conducted on-site with informed people, informetrics, and, finally, the use of official statistics. In particular, we describe and analyze the cities' knowledge infrastructures, their academics, and expenditure on R&D as input indicators; and publications as well as graduates as output indicators. A further crucial aspect of a knowledge society is the transition of graduates into knowledge-intensive public services and private companies.

• Journal of Elementary Mathematics Education in Korea
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• v.9 no.1
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• pp.19-38
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• 2005

There are differences in manner to be shown according to a basic point of view about knowledge in division which is traditional algorithm. The 1st and 2nd stage show didactic transpositions less systemic. The 3rd stage, which were influenced by the new math, uses logical mechanism. The 4th stage shows conceptual knowledge of the division independently. The 5th and 6th stage use concrete models which shows a course. The 7th stage constitutes contents systematically and shows many chances which focus on the formation of knowledge. The suggestions derived from such transition should be considered in the practice class and an elementary mathematics textbooks for meaningful learning.

• Journal of Educational Research in Mathematics
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• v.14 no.3
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• pp.283-304
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• 2004

This study is to make strides toward an enriched understanding of changing a prevailing teacher-centered mathematics classroom culture to a student-centered culture by analyzing six reform-oriented classrooms of three elementary school teachers throughout a year This study provided a detailed description of important classroom episodes to explore how the participants in each class established a reform-oriented mathematics microculture. Despite the exemplary form of student-centered instruction, the content and qualities of the teaching practices are somewhat different in the extent to which students' ideas become the center of mathematical discourse and activity. Given the similarities in terms of general social norms and the differences in terms of socio-mathematical norms and mathematical practice, this study addresses some crucial issues on understanding the culture of elementary mathematics classroom in transition.

• Proceedings of the Korean Institute of Electrical and Electronic Material Engineers Conference
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• 2001.07a
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• pp.713-716
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• 2001

In many papers, the electrochemical analysis of LiMn$_2$O$_4$shows the transition results of Mn$^{3+}$ ion. Charge ordering is accompanied by simultaneous orbital ordering due to the Jahn-Teller effect in Mnl$^{3+}$ ions. To analyze the cycle performance of LiMn$_{2-x}$Cu$_{x}$ O$_4$as the cathode of 4 V class lithium secondary batteries, XRD, TGA analysis were conducted. Although the cycle performance of the LiMn$_{2-x}$Cu$_{x}$ O$_4$was improved from pure LiMn$_2$O$_4$, the discharge capacity was significantly lower than LiCoO$_2$. In this paper, We study the Electrochemical characterization and enhanced stability of Cu-doped spinels in the LiMn$_{2-x}$Cu$_{x}$ O$_4$upon initial cycling.l cycling.

• Journal of KIISE:Software and Applications
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• v.35 no.11
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• pp.701-704
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• 2008

A general automaton allows multiple input transitions, so a special treatment is required when the history of transitions is needed. An LR automaton keeps the past transitions in the stack to use them during parsing. On the other hand, when each state in an automaton contains in itself the past transition history, the trace overhead of past transitions is unnecessary. The paper suggests a single state parsing automaton that does not depend on the past transitions. The applicable grammar class is less than LR grammars, but each state in a new automaton contains the past information, so the tracing of the history is not required compared to LR automaton.

• Journal of the Korea Society for Simulation
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• v.3 no.1
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• pp.151-165
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• 1994

Broadband network based on the Asynchronous Transfer Mode(ATM) concept are becoming the target technology for the emerging Broadband Integrated Services Digital Network(B-ISDN). Since B-ISDN is very complex and requites a great amount of investment, optimum design and performance analysis of such systems are very important. Simulation can be widely used to analyze and examine the broadband network behavior. However, for the complicated system like broadband networks it is extremely difficult and time-consuming to develop a complete model for simulation. In this paper, an object-oriented modeling approach for the broadband network simulation is presented for the effective and efficient modeling. Object-oriented approaches can provide a good structuring capability for complicated simulation models and facilitate the development of reusable and extensible simulation models. We have developed an object-oriented model which consists of object model and behavior model. In the object mode., the components of the broadband network and both constant bit rate(CBR) and variable bit rate(VBR) traffic types of call level, burst level, and cell level are modeled as object classes. In the behavior model, the dynamic features for each object class are represented using the state transition diagram. It has been shown by illustration that objectoriented modeling is an effective tool for modeling the complicated B-ISDN.

• The Bulletin of The Korean Astronomical Society
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• v.43 no.1
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• pp.31.1-31.1
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• 2018

While astronomers are working hard to detect the earliest galaxies and to follow their evolution to redshift z~0, they remain baffled by the present-day dichotomy between disky, star forming (aka late-type) galaxies and quiescent, spheroidal (aka early-type) galaxies. The key is to find galaxies in transition from one class to the other, whose spectra indicate intense recent star formation that has now ended. We have identified thousands of such "post-starburst galaxies" and discovered that they are often the products of late-type galaxy-galaxy mergers. Their current kinematics, stellar populations, and morphologies are consistent with late- to early-type galaxy evolution. I will discuss recent work that suggests new connections between this violent history and the central supermassive black hole. In particular, the molecular gas reservoir of a post-starburst galaxy declines rapidly after the starburst ends and in a manner consistent with feedback from an active nucleus. Furthermore, a star is ~300x more likely to be tidally disrupted by the nucleus of a post-starburst galaxy than in other galaxies. Like the well-known black hole-bulge mass correlation, these surprising links between the properties of a galaxy on kpc scales and its supermassive black hole on pc scales require explanation.

• Hwankyungkyoyuk
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• v.18 no.1 s.26
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• pp.44-54
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• 2005

This study is intended to examine an effectiveness of STS module concerning food waste, 'Even if food waste is the money, would you throw it away', in the areas of affective domains related to science and attitudes towards environmental problems. For this study, one group of 142 seventh graders attending 'L' middle school in Iksan city, Jeonrabukdo received 8 class hours with this module. Their affective domains related to science and attitudes towards environmental problems were measured by pre- and post-test design in a single group. In addition, their views on STS instruction was also analyzed. Results are as follows. Students in the transition period who had been taught with this module showed that they had a statistically significant effectiveness in interests related to science, scientific attitudes and execution towards environmental problems(p<.05). Students taught with this module had a positive views on the STS instructional methods or contents. It was also shown that their recognition or behavior towards environmental problems have been changed positively.

• Bulletin of the Korean Chemical Society
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• v.34 no.2
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• pp.629-632
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• 2013

Many properties of inorganic compounds are sensitive to changes in the point-defect concentrations. In minerals, such changes are influenced by temperature, pressure, and chemical impurities. Olivines form an important class of minerals and are magnesium-rich solid solutions consisting of the orthosilicates forsterite $Mg_2SiO_4$ and the fayalite $Fe_2SiO_4$. Orthosilicates have an orthorhombic crystal structure and exhibit anisotropic electronic and ionic transport properties. We examined the anisotropy of the electrical conductivity of $Fe_2SiO_4$ under the assumption that the electronic conduction in $Fe_2SiO_4$ occurs via a small polaron hopping mechanism. The anisotropic electrical conductivity is well explained by the electron transfer integrals obtained from the spin dimer analysis based on tight-binding calculations. The latter analysis is expected to provide insight into the anisotropic electrical conductivities of other magnetic insulators of transition metal oxides.

• Journal of Families and Better Life
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• v.17 no.3
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• pp.117-130
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• 1999

The purpose of this study is to find out the transition of meaning and terminology of support spaces in Korean houses based on preliminary studies and analysis of Korean novels. The major findings are as follows. The planning and location of the kitchen and its support spaces developed slowly until the 1970s. Buok has been the terminology of support spaces that appeared often and continuously in novels. The word Bongdang was mentioned only before the 1900s. The new words such as Sikdang. Buokaband appeared after the 1960s,. Jubang appeared after the 1980s. The meaning of kitchen space described in novels were various. Thpically the kitchen was used for cooking washing dishes keeping kitchen utensils foods and miscellaneous goods. Exveptionally the kitchen was the place for quarreling with others weeping secretly hiding washing clothes etc. The kitchen was also a symbol of the wealth of the family but many kitchens were usually described in novels as the unpleasant places. Even though most users of the kitchen in novels were women men also used the kitchen in novels were women men also used the kitchen without any restrictions. however the activities of men and women of the upper class in the kitchen were never described in any novels.