• The Pure and Applied Mathematics
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• v.2 no.1
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• pp.25-29
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• 1995

The topos constructed in [6] is a set-like category that includes among its axioms an axiom of infinity and an axiom of choice. In its final form a topos is free from any such axioms. Set$\^$G/ is a topos whose object are G-set Ψ$\sub$s/:G${\times}$S\longrightarrowS and morphism f:S \longrightarrowT is an equivariants map. We already known that Set$\^$G/ satisfies the weak form of the axiom of choice but it does not satisfies the axiom of the choice.(omitted)

• Science of Emotion and Sensibility
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• v.16 no.4
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• pp.445-456
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• 2013

This study addresses the relationship between individual differences regarding self-concept, measured by Self Concept Clarity (SCC) scale and Relational-Interdependent Self-Construal and relationships (RISC) scale, and diverse affective consequences after choice behavior. We hypothesized that lower self-concept clarity and higher relational interdependence would be related to increased susceptibility to choice context-for example, how a choice set is constructed based on one's initial preference. We examined how variations in a choice set can produce different affective consequences after making choices, and investigated the underlying neural mechanism using fMRI. In this experiment, participants first rated their preferences for art posters, and made a series of choices from a presented set. After the choice task, they completed post-choice measures including preferences for the chosen posters, as well as measures of their self-concept clarity and relational interdependence. Our behavioral results demonstrated that when participants faced more conflicting choice context, self-concept clarity was related to more positive affective consequences after choice, whereas relational interdependence was correlated with a lower second-rated attractiveness of the chosen option. The neuroimaging analysis of choice-making revealed that self-concept clarity and the degree of their relational interdependence served as modulators in shaping how one perceives and experiences the same decision-making process. These results have theoretical and practical importance in that it is one of the first studies investigating the influence of the individual differences regarding self-concept on value-based decision making process among diverse choice set contexts.

• Journal of Korean Society of Transportation
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• v.10 no.3
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• pp.21-42
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• 1992

As for the travel demand analysis of the past, forcasting has been conducted by the use of revealed preference(RP) informations about actual or observed choices made by individuals. Forcasting method using RP data needs implicit assumptions that there will be no remarkable changes in existing transport conditions. However in case of occuring the great changes in existing conditions or adding a new choice-set of hypothetical options, it is very difficult to predict future travel demand. Fortunately in recent years, especially in the mode choice analysis, it has been perceived that the importance of individual performance data using stated preference(SP) experiments as well as RP data. But the research reports has not been reported sufficiently from models estimated using SP data. Under this background, we analyze the factors affecting the mode choice behavior as a fundamental study against the modelling task with SP choice data. For this analysis, we assumed subway operations in the secondary cities where there are no subway lines until now, and set up a choice-set of hypothetical options based on Experimental Design Method.

• Journal of the Korean Operations Research and Management Science Society
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• v.25 no.2
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• pp.77-86
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• 2000

Consumers facing a large number of brands to choose from are known to use simplified heuristic to screen a set of relevant brands called the consideration set from the whole alternatives, Purchase decisions are then made from the brands in the consideration set, Two approaches have been suggested to model the two-stage choice process., One is to treat the con-sideration set as a crisp set (e.g Roberts and Lattin 1991) The other is to treat the set as a fuzzy set (e.g. Fortheringham 1988) The paper empirically compares the two types of models using data for soft drinks sneakers and departments. The results show that a model employing the crisp set approach fits the data better than that with the fuzzy set approach and better than a single-stage choice logit model.

• Journal for History of Mathematics
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• v.22 no.4
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• pp.115-128
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• 2009

In this paper, we modify the axiom of infinity of von Neumann's axioms modified by Pinter([5]), and then discuss an existence of an unknowable class in the system and a relationship between the unknowable class and the axiom of choice.

• The Pure and Applied Mathematics
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• v.3 no.2
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• pp.131-139
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• 1996

Topos is a set-like category. For an axiom of choice in a topos, F. W. Lawvere and A. M. Penk introduced another versions of the axiom of choice. Also it is showed that general axiom of choice and Penk's axiom of choice are weaker than Lawvere's axiom of choice. In this paper we study that weak form of axiom of choice, axiom of choice, Penk's axiom of choice and Lawvere's axiom of choice are all equivalent in a well pointed topos.

• Communications of the Korean Mathematical Society
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• v.21 no.2
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• pp.211-217
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• 2006

Topos is a set-like category. In topos, the axiom of choice can be expressed as (AC1), (AC2) and (AC3). Category Fuz of fuzzy sets has a similar function to the topos Set and it forms weak topos. But Fuz does not satisfy (AC1), (AC2) and (AC3). So we define (WAC1), (WAC2) and (WAC3) in weak topos Fuz. And we show that they are equivalent in Fuz.

• Journal of the Korean Institute of Landscape Architecture
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• v.25 no.3
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• pp.47-55
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• 1997

A vacation destination was conceptualized to be chosen through a three-stage process consisting of an early consideration set formation, a late consideration set formation, and a final selection stage. Choice criteria were defined as an individual's belief toward the relationships between perceived attributes, expected outcomes, and the destination. And these criteria were assumed to be divided into benefit-related dimension and perceived risk-related dimension. Through two pilot surveys, 13 items which have 4 factors were identified. used on 4 factor structures, the benefit-related dimension was identified to be consisted of three sub-dimensions, "historic/cultural", "escaped" and "naturalness". A longitudinal panel survey was used to test the differences of the importance of choice dimensions through the choice process. The importance of benefit-related dimension was decreased through the choice process as hypothesized except "naturalness" factor. And as hypothesized, the importance of perceived risk-related dimension was increased.

• Journal of Korean Society of Transportation
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• v.13 no.4
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• pp.31-45
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• 1995

In recent year, especially in the mode choice analysis, it has been perceived that the importance of individual performance data using stated preference(SP) experiments as well as revealed preference data . Since SP experiments present respondent with various hypothetical alternatives, which are produced by a combination of a number of different attribute levels, and ask them to indicate a preference, it is possible to analyze travel behavior under a situation of potential environment change such as proposed alternative mode of transportation. The basic problems, however, remains that SP are not consistent with the actual travel behaviors and the research reports for stability of mode choice model using SP data has not been sufficient. Under this background, this study is to examine the characteristics of mode choice model using the SP data by the following items. $\circled1$ Analysis of factors affecting the mode choice behavior by the variance analysis of orthogonal-arrays-table $\circled2$ The reliability of SP data by transfer intention data $\circled3$ The stability of SP responses obtained from repetitive question by the comparison of model coefficient specified by each repetitive data. $\circled4$ The stability of ranking data in mode choice model For the analysis, we assumed subway operations in the Gwang-Ju , and set up a choice-set of hypothetical options based on Experimental Design Method.

• Journal of Distribution Research
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• v.11 no.2
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• pp.97-122
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• 2006

A common assumption in marketing channel is that assortment benefits consumers. Recent research, however, has suggested that increasing the size of the choice set may have adverse consequences on the consumer choice. This research is to identify several factors that could affect the consumer choice in the context of product assortment. Especially, this research focus on the influence of the number of alternatives on the likelihood of purchase from the choice set. The preference for the no-choice option decreases as the number of alternatives increases. And it becomes higher when a dominating alternatives is present. And familiarity are considered as a factor affecting consumer's preference for a no-choice option. When a dominating alternatives is present, there is a positive and significant interaction between familarity and choice set size. It concludes with a discussion of the implications of the research findings and directions for future research.