• 대한간호학회지
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• 제30권4호
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• pp.905-916
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• 2000

The purpose of this study was to investigate the educational needs of a mother when nurturing children from neonates to the schoolage. A total of 657 subjects responded to the survey about the level of educational needs when nurturing children. The subjects of the study constituted of 401 mothers who visited the health center for immunization and 256 mothers who visited the pediatric outpatient department or whose children were hospitalized in pediatrics. This instrument had 64 items about nurturing children from neonates to the schoolage and one item had a score range of one to four. In data analysis, SPSSWIN 9.0 program was utilized for descriptive statistics. The results were as follows. 1) Mothers who had the neonates represented the highest educational needs about parental-neonates attachments with 3.47 of mean score compared to neonatal convulsion(3.44), management of common colds(3.44), nutrition (3.44), fever control (3.42). 2) Mothers who had infancy represented the highest educational needs about management of common colds with 3.34 of mean score compared to psychosocial developments (3.23), management of foreign bodies (3.22), feeding the food(3.19), playing with the infant(3.16). 3) Mothers who had toddlers represented the highest educational needs about psychosocial developments with 3.35 of mean score compared to discipline for children(3.34), management of teeth (3.29), management of common colds (3.21), management of accidents(3.20). 4) Mothers who had the a child in preschool represented the highest educational needs about psychosocial developments with 3.53 of mean score compared to management of accidents(3.23), discipline for children (3.00). 5) Mothers who had the child in secondary school represented the highest educational needs about psychosocial developments with 3.42 of mean score compared to management of teeth(3.13), management of accidents (3.05).

• 한국방재학회 논문집
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• 제10권6호
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• pp.53-58
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• 2010

본 연구의 목적은 도시침수에 대비하기 위해 유아를 위한 안전교육프로그램을 개발하고 이 프로그램의 효과를 검증하는 것이다. 이를 위해 26명의 만 4세 유아를 연구대상으로 선정하고, 각 13명의 유아를 실험집단과 통제집단으로 구분하여 배정하였다. 이 프로그램의 효과를 검증하기 위해 도시침수 대비 안전지식 검사와 안전문제해결 능력 검사를 사전 및 사후검사로 실시하였다. 그 결과, 실험집단 유아의 안전지식 사후 검사점수는 통제집단 유아에 비해 더 높은 것으로 나타났으며, 안전문제해결 능력 검사점수 역시 더 높은 것으로 나타났다. 이러한 결과를 통해 도시침수 대비 안전교육프로그램이 유아에게 효과적임을 알 수 있다.

• Journal of Korean Biological Nursing Science
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• 제13권3호
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• pp.220-228
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• 2011

Purpose: This study was performed to investigate prevalence related characteristics and management status in children with atopic dermatitis(AD) for developing health promotion strategies led by community. Methods: Data were collected from 6,562 children with AD in preschool and elementary schools in a district of Ulsan city. Results: The majority of children(44.4%) were onset in less than 2 years after the birth. Seventy six point seven percent of subjects had skin rash and the pathologic lesion of them were flexion of upper extremities and extension of lower extremities. The prevalence rate of the respondents was 30.3%. In bathing, the children in AD group had used soap more frequently than children in normal group. The most preference type of complementary therapy in frequency order were aloe, aroma oil and Pasture. Conclusion: More effective management strategy for alleviating symptom and preventing advanced disease such as asthma and allergic rhinitis should be developed. And also scientific evidence for using complementary therapy is necessary to be provided.

• 아동학회지
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• 제24권2호
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• pp.35-49
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• 2003

아동의 도덕성 발달이 가정환경적 요인과 사회적 요인들에 의하여 영향을 받는다는 것은 이미 여러 선행연구에 의해 밝혀진 바이다. 하지만 아동은 유아기 때부터 그들이 가지고 있는 정의와 공평에 대한 개념을 바탕으로 도덕적 판단, 즉 무엇이 옳고 그른지에 대한 결정을 함에도 불구하고, 대부분의 연구들은 편의상 초, 중, 고등학교 학생을 대상으로 하고 있다. 이에 따라 본 연구는 6, 7세 유아의 도덕성 발달이 어떤 가족요인들에 의해 영향을 받는지를 살펴보고자 한다. 여러 가족요인들 중에서 본 연구는 가정의 사회인구학적 변인, 어머니의 가치관과 종교, 그리고 가정환경의 질에 초점을 두었다. 6,7세 아동과 어머니 41쌍이 조사 관찰되었다. 아동의 도덕성 발달은 Moral Development Scale Interview에 의해, 어머니의 가치관은 Schaefer and Edgerton Rank-Order of Parental Values에 의해, 가정환경의 질은 Home Observation for the Measurement of the Environment(Preschool Version)에 의해 측정되었으며, 자료분석을 위해 correlation, t-test, multiple regression, path analysis가 사용되었다. 이에 따른 본 연구의 결과는, 가정환경의 질이 유아의 도덕성 발달과 정적인 상관관계가 있음을 증명 하였다. 즉, 어머니가 유아에게 지지적이고 자극적인 가정환경을 제공할수록 유아는 Moral Development Scale Interview에서 더 높은 접수를 받았다. 다중회귀분석에서도 가정환경의 질이 유아의 도덕성 발달을 예측하는 가장 영향력 있는 변인으로 나타났다. 또한 본 연구를 통하여 어머니의 교육정도와 가정의 소득정도가 가정환경의 질을 예측하는 중요한 요인임이 확인되었다.

• 한국환경보건학회지
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• 제31권6호
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• pp.475-482
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• 2005

This study aimed to determine the fluoride intakes in 120 preschool children aged 3 to 6 residing in Jumunjin (community water fluoridation area) and Gangneung (non-fluoridation area). The parents were asked to collect 24-hour urine samples and to duplicate the samples of all the diets that their children ingested in the day of urine collection. The acid-diffusible fluoride in the food and non-carbonate beverages were isolated by the acid-diffusion technique and then measured with a fluoride electrode. The fluoride in carbonate beverages, drinking waters and urine samples were measured directly with a fluoride electrode. The geometric mean (geometric standard deviation) of daily fluoride intakes from all kinds of diet was 5.99 (2.27) $\mu$g/kg/day in the children in Gangneung and that of the children in Jumunjin was 18.36 (2.69). The amount of fluoride intake by food and drinking water in fluoridation area were significantly larger than that in non-fluoridation area but the statistical difference of fluoride intake by beverages between two areas was not observed. The GMs (GSDs) of daily fluoride excretion by urine of children in non-fluoridation area and in fluoridation area were 8.39 (1.73) and 18.62 (1.77) $\mu$g/kg/day, respectively. The correlation between fluoride intake from diet excluding beverage and urinary excretion was statistically significant. It is concluded that the amount of fluoride intake of children living in fluoridation area did not exceed the upper intake level to avoid the risk of dental fluorosis (2.2 mg/day in 4- to 8-year-olds) and urinary excretion of fluoride was good indicator of fluoride intake from diets.

• Journal of Preventive Medicine and Public Health
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• 제50권3호
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• pp.201-209
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• 2017

Objectives: The aim of this study was to assess the socioeconomic inequality in malnutrition in under-5 children in Iran in order to help policymakers reduce such inequality. Methods: Data on 8443 under-5 children were extracted from the Iran Multiple Indicator Demographic and Health Survey. The wealth index was used as proxy for socioeconomic status. Socioeconomic inequality in stunting, underweight, and wasting was calculated using the concentration index. The concentration index was calculated for the whole sample, as well as for subcategories defined in terms of categories such as area of residence (urban and rural) and the sex of children. Results: Stunting was observed to be more prevalent than underweight or wasting. The results of the concentration index at the national level, as well as in rural and urban areas and in terms of children's sex, showed that inequality in stunting and underweight was statistically significant and that children in the lower quintiles were more malnourished. The wasting index was not sensitive to socioeconomic status, and its concentration index value was not statistically significant. Conclusions: This study showed that it can be misleading to assess the mean levels of malnutrition at the national level without knowledge of the distribution of malnutrition among socioeconomic groups. Significant socioeconomic inequalities in stunting and underweight were observed at the national level and in both urban and rural areas. Regarding the influence of nutrition on the health and economic well-being of preschool-aged children, it is necessary for the government to focus on taking targeted measures to reduce malnutrition and to focus on poorer groups within society who bear a greater burden of malnutrition.

• 한국보육지원학회지
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• 제9권1호
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• pp.25-49
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• 2013

본 연구는 가정과 교실의 문해환경이 유아의 읽기 흥미에 미치는 영향을 알아보기 위하여 서울과 경기도에 소재한 어린이집 52곳을 선정하고, 어린이집에 재원하고 있는 만 4.5세 유아 104명과 그들의 어머니 104명, 담임교사 52명을 연구대상으로 선정하였다. 본 연구에서 나타난 결과는 첫째, 가정의 문해환경은 유아의 읽기 흥미와 유의한 관계가 있었다. 둘째, 교실의 문해환경은 유아의 읽기 흥미와 유의한 관계가 있었다. 셋째, 가정문해환경과 교실 문해환경이 유아의 읽기 흥미에 영향을 미쳤다. 즉, 교사가 책을 읽어줄 때 확장적 상호작용을 많이 하고, 가정과 교실에서 문해자료를 많이 활용하며, 가정에서 책을 정해진 시간과 적절한 방법을 사용하여 읽어주고, 가정에 구비된 도서의 양이 많으며, 교사가 책을 읽어줄때 분위기 조성을 위한 상호작용을 많이 하면 유아의 읽기 흥미가 높아짐을 나타냈다. 따라서 가정과 교실에서 우수한 문해환경을 제공하는 것이 유아의 읽기 흥미를 향상 시키는데 중요하다고 할 수 있겠다.

• International Journal of Human Ecology
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• 제13권2호
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• pp.53-67
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• 2012

This study uses the 1999-2009 Korean Time Use Survey to explore how mothers' employment affects parental time spent in activities that may relate to their children's weight. Specifically, it estimates two-part regression models to assess the effects of maternal employment upon the amount of time mothers spend in activities potentially related to their preschool children's eating and physical activity. The findings suggest that working mothers and those mothers who work longer hours allocate significantly less time in food preparation, eating with the child, and supervising the child's physical activity than mothers who are not employed and those who work fewer hours. The paper also finds that spouses of working mothers do not allocate more time to these activities to offset the reduction in mothers' time. Also, using local unemployment rates as instrumental variables, maternal employment is found to allow mothers to spend significantly more time on food preparation and family meals, although its effect on mothers' total childcare time is negative. Several aspects of Korean society may have made the relationship between maternal employment and childhood weight issues different from what was found in other countries.

• 한국치위생학회지
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• 제16권4호
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• pp.525-530
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• 2016

Objectives: The purpose of the study is to investigate remineralization effect according to application cycle of fluoride varnish in preschool children. Methods: The study subjects were fifty six children (92 teeth) having one or more early dental caries lesion. Fluoride varnish was applied to the primary area of maxillary and anterior mandibular teeth with the interval of one month, three months, and six months. Results: Dft index was 3.54 in male and 3.44 in female. The fluorescence loss(${\Delta}F$) value due to early caries lesions showed a significant difference in experiment groups I and II after the application of fluoride varnish, but there was no significant difference in experiment group III. After fluoride varnish application, there was a significant change in experimental group I and III. The maximum fluorescence loss(${\Delta}Fmax$) from early caries lesions showed a significant difference after application of the fluoride varnish in all three experiment groups of I, II, and III(p<0.001). Conclusions: Fluoride varnish should be recommended and applied to the children of high risk caries group in every three months.

• 대한가정학회지
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• 제47권2호
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• pp.69-79
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• 2009

This study was conducted to develop a scale to evaluate maternal beliefs regarding employment and to demonstrate its validity. The subjects in the study included 225 mothers in Suncheon who had children under the age of 5. Initially, the definitions of beliefs associated with employment presented in previous studies were examined, after which the existing scale, Beliefs about the Consequence Maternal Employment for Young Children (BACMEC), was modified based the advice of three experts in child study. Next, 35 mothers who had preschool children were interviewed to assess their views on the positive and negative aspects of maternal employment. After excluding overlapping contents, a scale composed of 50 questions (24questions adapted from questions on the BACMEC and 26 created based on the results of the interview) was generated. Based on the result of factor and regression analysis, 27 (15questions regarding positive aspects of employment and 12 regarding negative aspects of employment) of the 50 questions were selected for use as the new scale. Reliability analysis showed satisfactory results (Cronbach's $\alpha$ = .89-.92). In conclusion, it is hoped that the scale for maternal beliefs in employment developed in this study will be used as a useful measurement tool in future studies conducted to evaluate maternal employment.