• Journal of Families and Better Life
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• v.23 no.4 s.76
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• pp.27-34
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• 2005

The purpose of this study was to identify the patterns of coping with marital conflict and child-rearing stress among mothers of young children. The participants were 166 mothers of children who were between 3 years and 7 years of age, living in the North Kyongsang Province. Paired t-test, ANOVA, Scheffe' test, Pearson's correlation and partial correlation analyses were conducted for this study. The results of this study were as follows. (1) In those situations where the participants experienced marital conflict and child-rearing stress, they were more likely to use an avoidance coping strategy than an approach coping strategy. (2) Among the mothers who were experiencing marital conflict or child-rearing stress, the group that suffered a higher level of stress was more likely to employ an avoidance coping strategy. However, there were no differences in the approach coping behavior by the level of stress. (3) When the level of marital conflict and child-rearing stress were controlled, approach coping behavior with marital conflict was still moderately correlated with approach coping behavior with child-rearing stress.

• Korean Journal of Social Welfare
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• v.45
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• pp.156-184
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• 2001

This study was designed to look at the relationships between parental child-rearing behavior and personality traits and run-away behavior of youths. For the purpose, this study compared 156 youth from the juvenile correctional systems, and 146 youths from high-schools. The additional focus was to find personality differences between runway youths and non-runway youths, and the effects of parental child-rearing behavior. The findings were as follows; First, high caring and low overprotection, among parental child-rearing behavior, was found to have effects upon adolescents with positive personality factors, whereas parental low caring and high overprotection effected upon negative personality factors among youths. Second, in relationship between runaway behavior and personality factors, it was found that youths with positive meaning in personality factors turned out to be less likely to run away from home, whereas those with negative meaning in 16PF were more likely to run away. Lastly, adolescents in high caring and low overprotection state with parents, proved to have high scores in personality factors, and low probability in runaway behavior.

• Korean Parent-Child Health Journal
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• v.10 no.2
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• pp.172-181
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• 2007

The purpose of this study was to review the concept, type and factors that affect child rearing attitude of parents and suggest desirable child rearing attitude of parents. Child rearing attitude of parents not only decide the quality of parent-child relationship but also affect child intellectual, emotional, social development and character. Many theorists suggest the type of child rearing attitude of parents, Schaefer's theory is commonly accepted. This model divided into 4 types, affectional-automatic attitude, affectional-controling attitude, rejecting-automatic attitude, rejecting-controling attitude. Through this study, confirmed factors that affect child rearing attitude of parents were family social position, parent's age and educational level, child gender. And other factors were mother has a job or not, marriage satisfaction, number of child and etc. Desirable parent's child rearing attitude were parent's consistency, understanding and acceptance of parents, parent's ideal behavior, democratic attitude of parents, parent's love for their children.

• Korean Journal of Child Studies
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• v.19 no.2
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• pp.49-64
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• 1998

The theoretical process model was used to study problem behavior of children growing up at-risk. A sample of 339 children living in at-risk families were selected from among 2, 134 children in grades 4, 5, and 6 of five elementary schools in Seoul. The instruments were five risk factor scales and four protective factor scales. The Child Behavior Checklist was also used. The results of the hypothetical model of children at-risk showed that the factor of socioeconomic status led to positive child rearing attitudes in mothers, which is turn influenced children's problem behavior indirectly. In contrast, stressful life events and mother's depression influenced children's problem behavior directly. However, negative family functioning, marital discord and father's depression did not influence mother's child rearing attitudes or children's problem behavior. Mother's child rearing attitudes directly influenced children's social competence and academic achievement and indirectly influenced their problem behavior. Academic achievement did not influence problem behavior directly, but social competence influenced it directly. Mother's child rearing attitude was the most significant factor affecting children's adaptation.

• Journal of the Korean Home Economics Association
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• v.44 no.7 s.221
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• pp.1-9
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• 2006

The purpose of this study was to examine the relationships among the father's involvement in child-rearing, psychological life position, and child's prosocial behavior. The subjects of this study were four- and five-year-old, kindergarten children (N=261) and their fathers who tved in Incheon. A questionnaire was used and analyzed by frequency, percentile, mean, standard deviation, Cronbach's ${\alpha}$, t-test, ANOVA, and Pearson's correlation. Fathers who took a positive altitude to themselves and others showed more positive involvement in various child-rearing activities such as shared activities with children, supporting cognitive-social development, and child caregiving and monitoring. In addition, children reared by fathers who had a higher positive attitude to others helped their friends well. As the father's developmental support in child-rearing became more positive, the children's prosocial behavior increased.

• Korean Journal of Human Ecology
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• v.17 no.5
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• pp.861-872
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• 2008

The purpose of this study was to investigate the father related variables on children's self-esteem and school adjustment. Father related variables were father's child-rearing involvement, fathers parenting behavior and father-child communication style. The subjects were 236 - 5th and 6th graders of elementary schools in Daegu. The major finding were as follows: First, children's self-esteem was affected by father's child-rearing involvement, fathers parenting behavior and father-child communication style. Second, father's parenting behavior has great effect on children's self-esteem than any other variables. Third, children's school adjustment was affected by father's child-rearing involvement, fathers parenting behavior and father-child communication style. Fourth, father-child communication style has great effect on teacher adjustment than any other variables. father's parenting behavior has great effect on pee. adjustment than any other variables. father-child communication style has great effect on school education adjustment than any other variables. Father's child-rearing involvement has great effect on school rule adjustment than any other variables.

• Journal of the Korean Home Economics Association
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• v.41 no.2
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• pp.31-42
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• 2003

The purpose of this research is to find the relational influences of maternal child rearing behavior and peer acceptance on children's self esteem. The sample subject were 200 of fourth/sixth grade of elementary school. The major findings of the research were as follows : First, the scores of peer acceptance, social acceptance, behavior conduct, global self-worth and affect tend to be over the mean scores. Second, the influences of maternal child rearing behaviors and peer acceptance on children's self esteem found significant due to the sub-areas of self-esteem. The affectionate child rearing affects all sub-areas of self-esteem. Overprotection and peer acceptance affect social acceptance. In addition, gender affect cognitive ability and fade affects global self-worth.

• Journal of the Korea Academia-Industrial cooperation Society
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• v.15 no.3
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• pp.1355-1366
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• 2014

The purpose of research is to find out the factors that affects multi cultural acceptance of parents' child rearing behavior of elementary school students and psychological well-being. In order to accomplish the purpose, survey was conducted on 328 elementary school students in the city of I. The results were first, parents' child rearing behavior of elementary school students, psychological well-being and multi-cultural acceptance didn't have difference by background variables. Second, significant relationship was present on parents' child rearing behavior of elementary school students, psychological well-being and multi cultural acceptance, Third, parents' child rearing behavior of elementary school students and psychological well-being have positive impact on multi-cultural acceptance. As seen in such results, in order to achieve effective acceptance on multi culture in regular household, the awareness and attitude on parents' child rearing behavior and feeling of psychological well-being need to change and that will have positive impact to live together for students from regular household and multi culture household as a member of multi culture society.

• Journal of the Korean Home Economics Association
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• v.38 no.6
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• pp.171-183
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• 2000

This study investigated the relationship among children's sensation seeking, maternal childrearing behavior and children's problem behavior. The subjects were 470 5th and 6th grade elementary school students in Pusan, Korea. Zuckerman's questionnaire on sensation seeking(1994), Park, Young Yae's questionnaire on maternal childrearing behaviors(1995) and Kim Hye Ryun's questionnaire on children's maladjustment behavior(1993) were used. The results were as follows : (1) According to sex, there were significant differences in sensation seeking stores, the aggressive behavior scores and distracted behavior scores. The boys got higher scores than girls in sensation seeking scores, and also in aggressive behavior scores and distracted behavior scores. (2) There were significant positive correlations between sensation seeking scores and the aggressive behavior scores for both boys and girls. And there were significant positive correlations between sensation seeking scores and the distracted behavior scores for both boys and girls. (3) Both sensation seeking and maternal child rearing behavior predicted aggressive behavior and distracted behavior for both boys and girls. For boy's aggressive behavior, sensation seeking and maternal child rearing behavior explained 8%, 8%, respectively. For boy's distracted behavior, sensation seeking explained 5%. And for girl's aggressive behavior, sensation seeking and maternal child rearing behavior explained 27%, 9%, respectively. For girl's distracted behavior, sensation seeking and maternal child rearing behavior explained 28%, 7%, respectively. The sensation seeking variable was the important predictor influencing on children's aggressive behavior and distracted behavior. Implications of this study were discussed in terms of sensation seeking and socialization.

• Korean Journal of Child Studies
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• v.9 no.1
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• pp.93-118
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• 1988

Systematic Training for Effective Parenting, developed by Dinkmeyer and McKay, is a parent education program that emphasizes social-emotional development. The present research studied the applicability of STEP to Korean mothers by examining changes in mothers' self-concept, mother's child-rearing attitudes, and children's behavior. The subjects of this study were 43 mothers of a kindergarten in Chonju City. 25 mothers were assigned to the control group and 18 mothers to the experimental group. Primary observes, consisting of 43 fathers of kindergarten children, and secondary observers, consisting of 43 Woosuk University students observed mothers' child-rearing attitudes and children's behavior. Instruments included the self-concept test by Jung Woonsik, Schaefer's Maternal Behavior Research Instrument, O Kiseon's Parent Child Relationship Test, Fear's parent questionnaire, and McKay's Adlerian Parental Assessment of Child Behavior. The mothers' child-rearing attitudes and the children's behavior are recorded by the observers and were compared with mothers' responses. The data were analyzed by MANOVA (multivariate analysis of variance), and ANOVA (analysis of variance). While the MANOVA showed no significant difference between the control and the experimental groups in changing the mothers' self-concept, differences in 5 of the 8 subfactors showed that STEP implemented positive change in the self-identity, self-satisfaction, self-behavior, personal self and family self in the experimental group. The MANOVA showed a significant difference between the two groups in changing the mothers' child-rearing attitudes. That is after participating in the STEP program, the mothers of the experimental group showed more significant progress than those of the control group. Mothers' observations of positive change in children's behavior agreed with those of the primary and secondary observers.