• Natural Product Sciences
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• 제10권6호
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• pp.344-346
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• 2004

Eight phenolic compounds (1-8) which were isolated from the barks of Ulmus macrocarpa were evaluated for their inhibitory activities on nitric oxide (NO) and prostagrandin $E_2$ (COX-2) production in $interferon-{\gamma}\;(INF-{\gamma})$ and lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-activated RAW 264.7 cells in vitro. NO and COX-2 levels were moderately reduced by the addition of compounds (1-8). Among them 3,4,5,6,7 and 8 inhibited NO production in a dose dependent manner with an $IC_{50}$ of 92.2, 97.3, 36.1, 43.5, 32.8, 39.4 and 37.1 ${\mu}g/ml$, respectively (positive control, L-NMMA; 36.4 ${\mu}g/ml$), and 3,4,5,6,7 and 8 reduced the COX-2 level in a dose dependent manner with an $IC_{50}$ of 43.2, 24.8, 24.8, 33.4, 44.8 and 22.7 ${\mu}g/ml$, respectively (positive control, indomethacin; 23.4 ${\mu}g/ml$). These results suggest that the phenolic compounds may be developed as potential anti-inflammatory and cancer chemopreventive agents.

• Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention
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• 제13권6호
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• pp.2563-2569
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• 2012

Oxidative stress is a common mechanism contributing to initiation and progression of hepatic damage in a variety of liver disorders. Hence there is a great demand for the development of agents with potent antioxidant effect. The aim of the present investigation is to evaluate the efficacy of Moringa oleifera as a hepatoprotective and an antioxidant against 7, 12-dimethylbenz[a]anthracene induced hepatocellular damage. Single oral administration of DMBA (15 mg/kg) to mice resulted in significantly (p<0.001) depleted levels of xenobiotic enzymes like, cytochrome P450 and b5. DMBA induced oxidative stress was confirmed by decreased levels of reduced glutathione (GSH) and glutathione-S-transferase (GST) in the liver tissue. The status of hepatic aspartate transaminase (AST), alanine transaminase (ALT), and alkaline phosphatase (ALP) which is indicative of hepatocellular damage were also found to be decreased in DMBA administered mice. Pretreatment with the Moringa oleifera (200 and 400 mg/kg) orally for 14 days significantly reversed the DMBA induced alterations in the liver tissue and offered almost complete protection. The results from the present study indicate that Moringa oleifera exhibits good hepatoprotective and antioxidant potential against DMBA induced hepatocellular damage in mice that might be due to decreased free radical generation.

• Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention
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• 제14권11호
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• pp.6851-6856
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• 2013

In the present report we determined the protective capacity of grapefruit juice (GJ) against molecular and cellular damage in azoxymethane (AOM) treated mice. Animals were daily administered GJ orally (0.8, 4.1, and 8.2 ${\mu}l/g$) for seven weeks, as well as intraperitoneally (ip) injected with AOM twice (weeks 2 and 3 of the assay). Control groups administered with water, with the high dose of GJ, and with AOM injected in weeks 2 and 3 were also included. The results showed a significant, dose-dependent protection of GJ on the number of colon aberrant crypts (AC) induced by AOM. The highest inhibitory effect was reached with the highest tested dose of GJ, decreasing ACF by 51% and 43% at weeks 4 and 7 of the assay. Regarding protein and lipid oxidation we also found a dose-dependent decrease caused with GJ in comparison with the increased levels produced by AOM. Therefore, our results established chemopreventive potential for GJ, and suggested effects related to its antioxidant capacity. Finally, we found that the tested agents induced neither micronuclei increase nor alteration in bone marrow cytotoxicity.

• Archives of Pharmacal Research
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• 제24권5호
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• pp.441-445
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• 2001

Resveratrol, a trihydroxystilbene found in grapes and several plants, has been shown to be active in inhibiting multistage carcinogenic process. Using resveratrol as the prototype, we synthesized several analogs and evaluated their growth inhibitory effect using cultured human cancer cells. In the present report we show that one of the resveratrol analogs, 3, 5,2',4'-tetramethoxy-trans-stilbene, potentiated the inhibition of cancer cell growth. Prompted by the strong growth Inhibitory activity of the compound ($IC_{50}$; $0.8{\mu}$ g/ml) compared to resveratrol ($IC_{50}$; $18{\mu}$ug/ml) in cultured human colon cancer cells (Col2), we performed an action mechanism study using the compound. The compound induced the accumulation of cellular DNA contents in the sub-CO phase DNA contents of the cell cycle by in a time-dependent manner. The morphological changes were also consistent with an apoptotic process. This result indicated that the compound induced apoptosis of cancer cells, and may be a candidate for use in the development of potential cancer chemotherapeutic or cancer chemopreventive agents.

• BMB Reports
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• 제35권3호
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• pp.337-342
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• 2002

Many components that are derived from medicinal or dietary plants possess potential chemopreventive properties. Curcumin, a yellow coloring agent from turmeric (Curcuma longa Linn, Zingiberaceae), possesses strong antimutagenic and anticarcinogenic activities. In this study, we have found that curcumin inhibits the 12-O-tetradecanoylphorbol-13-acetate (TPA)-induced nuclear factor ${\kappa}B$ (NF-${\kappa}B$) activation by preventing the degradation of the inhibitory protein $I{\kappa}B{\alpha}$ and the subsequent translocation of the p65 subunit in cultured human promyelocytic leukemia (HL-60) cells. Alternatively, curcumin repressed the TPA-induced activation of NF-${\kappa}B$ through direct interruption of the binding of NF-${\kappa}B$ to its consensus DNA sequences. Likewise, the TPA-induced DNA binding of the activator protein-1 (AP-1) was inhibited by curcumin pretreatment.

• 동의생리병리학회지
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• 제17권2호
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• pp.568-573
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• 2003

We invesgated the GBH water extracts can be used as a potential cancer chemopreventive agent in humans, especially in hepatological cancer cell lines. The GBH was found to act as an potent inhibitor of COX-I only, but not as COX-2 inhibitor. Furthermore, the extract mediated anti-inflammatory effects and inhibited COX-associated hydroperoxidase functions(antipromotion activity). Inhibitory effect of the GBH water extracts on the growth of cancer cell lines such as HepG2 cell and Hep3B cell was shown.

• Natural Product Sciences
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• 제23권1호
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• pp.21-28
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• 2017

In our program to search for new AMP-activated protein kinase (AMPK) activators from plants that exert potential anticancer property, we found that an EtOAc extract of Myristica fragrans (nutmeg) activated AMPK enzyme in human breast cancer MCF-7 cells. Two major diarylbutane-type lignans, macelignan and meso-dihydroguaiaretic acid (MDGA), were isolated as active principles from this extract. Treatment of breast cancer cells with two compounds induced cellular apoptosis, evidenced by cleavage of poly-(ADP-ribose) polymerase (PARP) and Ser 15 phosphorylation of p53. Moreover, macelignan and MDGA significantly inhibited the colony formation of MCF-7 breast cancer cells on soft agar. Intraperitoneal injection of macelignan and MDGA (20 mg/kg) suppressed the tumor growth of 4T1 mammary cancer cells. These results indicate that the chemopreventive effects of two major diarylbutane-type lignans from Myristica fragrans (nutmeg) may be associated with induction of apoptosis presumably through AMPK activation.

• Biomolecules & Therapeutics
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• 제24권1호
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• pp.62-66
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• 2016

Amygdalin, D-mandelonitrile-${\beta}$-D-glucoside-6-${\beta}$-glucoside, belongs to aromatic cyanogenic glycoside group derived from rosaceous plant seed. Mounting evidence has supported the anti-cancer effects of amygdalin. However, whether amygdalin indeed acts as an anti-tumor agent against breast cancer cells is not clear. The present study aimed to investigate the effect of amygdalin on the proliferation of human breast cancer cells. Here, we show that amygdalin exerted cytotoxic activities on estrogen receptors (ER)-positive MCF7 cells, and MDA-MB-231 and Hs578T triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC) cells. Amygdalin induced apoptosis of Hs578T TNBC cells. Amygdalin downregulated B-cell lymphoma 2 (Bcl-2), upregulated Bcl-2-associated X protein (Bax), activated of caspase-3 and cleaved poly ADP-ribose polymerase (PARP). Amygdalin activated a pro-apoptotic signaling molecule p38 mitogen-activated protein kinases (p38 MAPK) in Hs578T cells. Treatment of amygdalin significantly inhibited the adhesion of Hs578T cells, in which integrin ${\alpha}5$ may be involved. Taken together, this study demonstrates that amygdalin induces apoptosis and inhibits adhesion of breast cancer cells. The results suggest a potential application of amygdalin as a chemopreventive agent to prevent or alleviate progression of breast cancer, especially TNBC.

• Korean Journal of Acupuncture
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• 제19권2호
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• pp.57-61
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• 2002

천궁약침액을 7일간 중완혈, 간수혈 및 임의혈에 투여한 후 마우스의 간에서 유도되는 phase I enzyme 억제 효과를 살펴본 결과 천궁 약침액은 CYP 1A1를 저해하였고, 생체의 CYP 2E1의 활성도 억제하였으므로 천궁 약침액은 암예방 효과가 있을 것으로 사료된다.

• Journal of Korean Biological Nursing Science
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• 제12권3호
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• pp.127-132
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• 2010

Purpose: The aim of this study is to evaluate the effect of Xanthium sibiricum Patr. on carcinogenesis. Method: Water extract from Xanthium sibiricum Patr. (XPW) was prepared and investigated for the potential antitumor activity and inhibition of benzo[a]pyrene-DNA adduct formation and free radical formation. Result: It was shown that the water possess considerable toxicity toward tumor cell lines. Concentration of XPW at 1.0 mg/mL and 2.5 mg/mL resulted in more than 30% inhibition of growth in HeLa cells. Toxicity of XPW to A549 revealed that 54% inhibition of growth at concentration of 2.5 mg/mL. At concentrations of 0.5 mg/mL, 1.0 mg/mL and 2.5 mg/mL of XPW, the binding of [$^3H$]B[a]P metabolites to DNA of human Chang cell was inhibited by 19%, 33%, and 41%, respectively. There 18% and 32% inhibition in the free radical formation with XPW at the concentration of 1.0 mg/mL and 2.5 mg/mL, respectively. Conclusion: Water extract from Xanthium sibiricum Patr. (XPW) has antitumor and cancer chemopreventive activities.