• Journal of Life Science
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• v.9 no.6
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• pp.684-691
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• 1999

Gamdutang aqua-acupuncture solution (GAS), Gamdutang water-extracted solution (GWS) and Dae-Gamdutang aqua-acupuncture solution (DGAS) were prepared and tested for chemopreventive potentials. GAS was potent inducer of quinone reductase (QR) activity in Heapa1c1c7 murine hepatoma cells in culture, whereas GWS is less potent. GAS, GWS and DGAS were significantly induced QR activity in cultured rat normal liver cell, Ac2F. Glutathione (GSH) levels were increased about 1.8, 1.0 and 1.1 fold with GAS, GWS and DGAS in Hepa1c1c7 cells, respectively. In addition glutathione S-transferase (GST) activity was increased with GAS, GWS and DGAS. The effects of GAS, GWS and DGAS on the growth of Acanthamoeba castellanii were tested. Proliferation of A. castellanii was inhibited by GAS, GWS and DGAS at concentrations of 1 $\times$ and 5$\times$. These results suggest that GAS has chemopreventive potential by inducing QR and GST activities, increasing GSH levels and inhibition of polyamine metabolism.

• Environmental Mutagens and Carcinogens
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• v.19 no.2
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• pp.116-121
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• 1999

Quercetin and its glycosides showed a strong free radical scavenging effect to DPPH radical generation. However, there were not big differences between quercetin aglycone and glycosides under experimental condition of this study. On the other hand, quercetin had pro-oxidant effect in bleomycin-dependent DNA assay. Quercetin aglycone and its glycosides, quercitrin inhibited $H_2$$O_2$- induced DNA damage in CHL cells. They also have an anticlastogenicity toward DNA breakage agent by radical generation like bleomycin. These results indicate that quercetin aglycone and its glycosides are capable of protecting the free radical generation induced by reactive oxygen species like $H_2$$O_2$. The mechanism of inhibition in hydrogen peroxide-induced genotoxicity may be due to their free radical scavenging properties. Therefore, quercetin aglycone and its glycosides may be useful chemopreventive agents by protecting of free radical generation which are involved in carcinogenesis and aging. However, quercetin and its glycosides must also carefully examined for pro-oxidant properties before being proposed for use in vivo.

• YAKHAK HOEJI
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• v.54 no.1
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• pp.32-38
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• 2010

The aim of this study was to evaluate the effect of galangin towards hydrogen peroxide-induced DNA damage. The calf thymus DNA and Chinese Hamster Lung (CHL) cells were used to measure 8-hydroxy-2'-deoxyguanosine(8-OH2'dG) as an indicator of DNA oxidative damage using high performance liquid chromatography with electrochemical detection. Hydrogen peroxide in the presence of Fe(II) ion induced the formation of 8-OH2'dG in both calf thymus DNA and CHL cells. The DNA damage effects were enhanced by increasing the concentration of Fe(II) ion and inhibited by galangin. In the single cell gel electrophoresis (Comet assay), galangin and dl-a-tocopherol showed an inhibitory effect in CHL on hydrogen peroxide induced DNA single strand breaks. Galangin showed more potent activity than dl-$\alpha$-tocopherol under our experimental conditions. These results indicate that galangin can modify the action mechanisms of the oxidative DNA damage and may act as chemopreventive agents against oxidative stress.

• Journal of Nutrition and Health
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• v.35 no.8
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• pp.880-885
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• 2002

This study was performed to determine the antimicrobial and anticarcinogenic activities of the Momordica charantia L. (MC) on several microorganisms and human cancer cell lines. In the paper disk test, its antimicrobial activity was increased in proportion to its concentration. Among the various solvent fractions of Momordica charantia L., the ethylether partition layer (MCMEE) showed the strongest antimicrobial activity. Also, the ethylacetate partition layer (MCMEA) and the butanol partition layer (MCMB) showed antimicrobial activity. We also determined the cytotoxicity and chemopreventive effect of Momordica charantia L. extract and fractions on human cancer cells. The experiment was conducted to determine the cytotoxicity of Momordica charantia L. partition layers on HepG2, HeLa and MCF-7 cells by MTT assay. Among the various partition layers of Momordica charantia L., MCMEE and MCMEA showed strong cytotoxic effects on all cancer cell lines. The chemopreventive effect of the quinone reductase induced activities of HepG2 cell, the hexane partition layer (MCMH) at a dose of 50 $\mu\textrm{g}$/mL was 3.62 times more effective compared with the control values of 1.0. Therefore, based on these studies, Momordica charantia L. may be developed into a potentially useful cancer chemopreventive agent.

• Food Science and Preservation
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• v.8 no.2
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• pp.213-216
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• 2001

Chemoprevetive effect of Saururus Chinensis (Lour.) Bail water extract on several tumor cells and Chinese hamster V79 cells were investigated. The water extracts of Saururus Chinensis (Lour.) Bail showed a higher cytotoxicity effect on the human histiocytic leukemia cells(U937) and protective effects against the cytotoxicity of H$_2$O$_2$. These results suggest that Saururus Chinensis (Lour.) Bail may useful as potential soures of chemopreventive and antioxidative agents.

• BMB Reports
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• v.39 no.4
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• pp.448-451
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• 2006

Chemopreventive and cytotoxic effect of genistein against human breast cancer cell lines was investigated. Genistein inhibited cell proliferation in estrogen receptor-positive (MCF-7) and estrogen receptor-negative (MDA-MB-231) human breast carcinoma cell lines. Cytochrome P450 (CYP) 1A1-mediated ethoxyresorufin O-deethylase (EROD) activity was inhibited by genistein in a concentrationdependent manner. Genistein significantly inhibited 12-O-tetradecanoylphorbol-13-acetate (TPA)-induced cyclooxy-genase-2 activity and protein expression at the concentrations of 10 (p < 0.05), 25 (p < 0.05) and 50 mM (p < 0.01). In addition, ornithine decarboxylase (ODC) activity was reduced to 53.8 % of the control after 6 h treatment with 50 mM genistein in MCF-7 breast cancer cells. These results suggest that genistein could be of therapeutic value in preventing human breast cancer.

• Journal of Food Hygiene and Safety
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• v.11 no.2
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• pp.115-121
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• 1996

In order to compare the suppressive effect of quercetin and several its glycosides, such as quercitrin (quercetin-3-rhamnoside), isoquercitrin (quercetin-3-glucoside), hyperin (quercetin-3-galactoside) and tutin (quercetin-3-rhamnosyl glucoside), on the genotoxicity by N-methyl-N-nitrosourea(MNU), in vitro sister chromatid exchange(SCE) test using mouse spleen lymphocytes and in vivo micronucleus test using mouse peripheral blood were performed. MNU-induced SCEs in vitro were not decreased by the simultaneous treatment of test compounds. Among them, quercetin and hyperin showed significant suppressive effects at high dose(10-5M). On the other hand, MNU-induced micronucleated reticulocytes(MNRETS) in vivo were significantly decreased with good dose-dependent manner in all compound tested. However, there were not significant differences between quercetin aglycone and its glycosides in the suppressive aglycone and its glycosides may act as an antigenotoxic agent in vivo and may be useful as a chemopreventive agent of alkylating agent.

• Proceedings of the Korean Society of Toxicology Conference
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• 2001.10a
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• pp.11-12
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• 2001

Selenium is known to have both chemopreventive and therapeutic benefits of cancer. Recent studies have implicated that apoptosis is one of the most plausible mechanism of chemopreventive effects of selenium compounds and tumor invasion is a new factor involved in chemotherapy. In the present study, we demonstrate that Se-methylselenocysteine(MSC), one of the most effective selenium compound sat chemoprevention, induces apoptosis in HL-60 cells and that ROS plays a crucial role in MSC-induced apoptosis.(omitted)

• Proceedings of the PSK Conference
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• 2003.04a
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• pp.171.2-171.2
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• 2003

Retinoids have been shown to be effective in suppressing tumor development in chemical carcinogens such as N-nitroso-N-methylurea (NMU) and N-nitroso-N-ethylurea (NEU) induced mammary tumors in various animals. However, retinoids-mediated chemopreventive process, linked to transcription factor NF-kappaB activation on chemoprevention has yet to be studied. (omitted)

• Proceedings of the PSK Conference
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• 2003.10b
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• pp.85.3-86
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• 2003

Oltipraz, a cancer chemopreventive agent, induces CYP1A1 to a certain extent by transactivation of the gene via the Ah receptor (AhR)-xenobiotic response element (XRE) pathway. Previously, we showed that oltipraz promoted CCAAT/enhancer binding protein (C/EBP ) activation, which leads to the induction of glutathione S-transferase. Given that oltipraz activates C/EBP for gene transactivation and that the putative C/CBP binding site is located in CY)1A1 promoter region, this study investigated the effect of oltipraz on CYP1A1 induction by 3-methylcholanthrene (3-MC). (omitted)