• Bulletin of the Korean Chemical Society
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• 제31권7호
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• pp.1843-1847
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• 2010

An efficient method for the preparation of 1,4-disubstituted 1,2,3-triazole compounds is described using polymeric quaternary ammonium salts having azide or alkyne functionality to remove unreacted excess starting molecules (azide/alkyne). Copper metal could easily be removed by simple filtration with a short $Na_2SO_4$/silica cartridge, affording highly regioselective products in high yield and excellent purity without the need for work-up, extraction and chromatographic purification.

• Bulletin of the Korean Chemical Society
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• 제19권1호
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• pp.45-50
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• 1998

Most organophosphorus pesticides may be metabolized to yield some common phosphates in human or in animals, and these metabolites may be used as the exposure biomarkers to pesticides. In this study, we developed the extraction method of four phosphate metabolites from the spiked human urine in high recovery by the solid phase extraction with a reverse-phase cartridge (cyclohexyl silica) followed by the elution with methanol. The extracted urinary metabolites were derivatized with hexamethyldisilazane/trimethyl-chlorosilane/pyridine (2 : 1 : 10, v/v/v) and identified by gas chromatography/mass spectrometry. Calibration curve obtained from each metabolite standard using by GC/MS/SIM has shown good linearity and detection limits of metabolites were the range of 0.05-0.1 ㎍/㎖ in urine. Phenthoate, one of the organophosphorus pesticides, was orally administrated to rats. Four metabolites were detected in the rat urine. The results of this study may be applied to development of exposure biomarkers for monitoring of environmental pollutants.

• 한국군사과학기술학회지
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• 제20권2호
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• pp.170-180
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• 2017

An autoinjector allows a single use medical device serving for automatic intramuscular injection to deliver a dose of a particular emergency drug through an intuitive activation mechanism. By design and structure, autoinjectors are easy to use and are intended for self-administration by patients or untrained personnel. Depending on the number of drugs filled in the cartridge, autoinjectors are divided by one-chamber type and multi-chamber type. Most autoinjectors may have a special structure including spring-loading syringes and needle which is specially designed to ensure strength due to the necessity of penetration through layers of clothing. The purpose of this study was to introduce the design technology of autoinjector of multi-chamber type that could be released into the two drugs sequentially. Additionally, we verified performance of the prototype developed by applying the design.

• Bulletin of the Korean Chemical Society
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• 제28권2호
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• pp.276-280
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• 2007

In this work, caffeine and some catechin compounds + C, EC, EGC, and EGCG were extracted from green tea by using molecular imprinted polymers (MIP) as sorbent materials in a solid-phase extraction (SPE) process known as MISPE (molecular imprinted solid-phase extraction). For synthesis of MIP, caffeine was employed as the template, MAA as the monomer, EGDMA as the crosslinker, and AIBN as the initiator. A solution of caffeine (0.2 mg/mL in methanol) was utilized in the solid extraction cartridges following loading, washing, and elution procedures with acetonitrile, methanol, and methanol-acetic acid (90/10, %v/v) as the solvents, respectively. This solid-phase extraction protocol was applied for the extraction of caffeine and some catechin compounds from green tea. A comparison was made between the results obtained with the MIP cartridges and a traditional C18 reversed-phase cartridge. It was thereupon found that the recovery of caffeine by the MIPbased sorbent used in this work was almost two and four times greater than that by a commercially available C18 material. A quantitative analysis was conducted by high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) using a C18 column (5 μm, 250 × 4.6 mm) with methanol/water (40/60, %v/v) as the mobile phase at a flow rate of 0.5 mL/min.

• 한국추진공학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국추진공학회 2007년도 제28회 춘계학술대회논문집
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• pp.87-90
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• 2007

장기 체공 무인 항공기를 위한 연료 전지 동력 시스템을 개발하였다. 기존의 고압 수소 저장 방식의 문제점을 해결하기 위해 높은 에너지 밀도를 갖는 액상의 화학 수소화물을 연료로 사용하였다. 수소화물을 전환하여 수소를 발생하는 연료 공급 장치는 촉매 반응기, 펌프, 연료 카트리지, 분리기, 제어기로 구성되어 있으며, 전력을 발생하기 위한 연료전지 스택과 함께 연료 전지 동력 시스템을 무인 항공기에 탑재하였다. 연료 전지 동력 시스템을 무인 항공기에 적용하기 위한 성능 검증을 수행하였다.

• Bulletin of the Korean Chemical Society
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• 제28권5호
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• pp.745-750
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• 2007

An isotope dilution-liquid chromatography/tandem mass spectrometric method was developed as a candidate reference method for the accurate determination of folic acid in infant milk formula. Sample was spiked with 13C5-folic acid and then extracted with phosphate buffer (pH 6) solution. The extract was further cleaned up by deproteinization followed by a C18 solid-phase extraction cartridge. The extract was analyzed by using LC/ ESI/MS/MS with selectively monitoring the collisionally induced dissociation channels of m/z 442 → m/z 295 and m/z 447 → m/z 295, which are the neutral glutamyl loss from the [M+H]+ ions of folic acid and 13C5-folic acid, respectively. LC/MS/MS chromatograms showed substantially reduced background from chemical noises compared to LC/MS chromatograms. Repeatability and reproducibility studies showed that the LC/MS/ MS method is a reliable and reproducible method which can provide less than 1.5 relative percentage of method precision.

• Journal of Applied Biological Chemistry
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• 제59권2호
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• pp.165-169
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• 2016

The quantitative analytical method for the bioactive substance, 3-cyano-4-methoxy-N-methyl-2-pyridone (ricinine) and an index compound, ricinoleic acid in castor plant (Ricinus communis) extract or oil was developed. For the determination of a pyridone alkaloid compound, ricinine, successive cartridge cleanup method combined with ultra-performance liquid chromatography was set up with $ENVI-Carb^{TM}$ (0.5 g) and $C_{18}$ SPE cartridges. Accuracy and precision were evaluated through fortification studies of one biopesticide (PE) at 10 and $100mg\;kg^{-1}$. Mean recoveries of ricinine were 98.7 and 96.0 % associated with less than 10 % RSD, respectively. For the determination of ricinoleic acid in castor extract and oil, saponification and methylation were optimized using gas chromatography-time of flight mass spectrometry. Recovery was more than 84.8 % associated with 6.2 % RSD after derivatization procedure. Both methodologies developed were applied to analyze real samples including three castor oil products and six commercially available biopesticides containing R. communis, collected at Korean market. The contents of ricinine and ricinoleic acid in most commercial biopesticides were less than the oil or extract contents indicated by label.

• 생명과학회지
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• 제20권10호
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• pp.1511-1518
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• 2010

영실에 존재하는 페놀성 화합물의 추출 최적 조건을 알아보고자 추출용매를 달리하여 phenol성 물질의 함량을 비교한 결과, 70% ethanol을 용매로 하여 24시간 교반 추출하였을 때 phenol성 물질의 용출량이 13.8 mg/g 이상으로 가장 높았다. Helicobacter pylori에 대한 항균효과는 영실추출물을 150 ${\mu}g$/ml의 농도로 첨가하였을 때 생육 저해환이 12 mm, 200 ${\mu}g$/ml 일 때 14 mm의 생육저해환이 나타나 항균활성이 우수한 것을 알 수 있었다. H. pylori에 대한 저해물질을 정제하기 위하여 영실을 70% 에탄올로 추출한 후 Sephadex LH-20 column과 $C_{18}$ cartridge column을 이용하여 항균활성을 가지는 물질을 순수 정제하고 구조를 동정한 결과 protocatechuic acid, chlorogenic acid 및 quercetin으로 동정하였으며, 단일물질에 의한 H. pylori에 대한 저해효과 보다 혼합물질에 의한 synergy 효과에 의해 저해 효과가 높아지는 것을 알 수 있었다.

• 한국환경보건학회지
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• 제37권1호
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• pp.50-56
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• 2011

The adsorption capacity of charcoal is a function of the airborne concentration of the target chemical. To evaluate the adsorption capacity of charcoal packed in the cartridges of air purifying respirators, breakthrough tests were conducted with carbon tetrachloride for three commercial cartridges (3M models #7251, #6000 and AX) at 25, 50, 100, 250 and 500 ppm. Adsorption capacities were calculated using a mass transfer balance equation derived from the curve fitting to the breakthrough curves obtained experimentally. Carbon micropore volumes were estimated by iteration to fit the Dubinin/Radushkevich (D/R) adsorption isotherm. They were 0.6566, 0.5727 and 0.3087 g/cc for #7251, #6000 and the AX cartridge, respectively. Above 100 ppm (at high challenge concentrations), #7251 and #6000 showed higher adsorption capacities. However, as the challenge concentration decreased, the adsorption capacities of #7251 and #6000 sharply dropped. On the other hand, the adsorption capacity of the AX cartridge showed little change with the decrease of the challenge concentration. Thus, the AX showed a higher adsorption capacity than #7251 and #6000 at the 5-50 ppm level. It is concluded that service-life tests of cartridges and adsorption capacity tests of charcoal should be conducted at challenge concentration levels reflecting actual working environmental conditions. Alternatively, it is recommended to use the D/R adsorption isotherm to extrapolate adsorption capacity at low concentration levels from the high concentration levels at which breakthrough tests are conducted, at a minimum of two different concentration levels.

• 전자공학회논문지
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• 제54권3호
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• pp.131-137
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• 2017

네트워크 기반의 휴대용 전자 제품의 시장 성장으로 전기기기들은 더욱 소형화 되고 있는 추세이고 내부 부품간의 거리가 가까워져 회로 단락의 위험이 높아지고 있다. 회로의 단락 상황에서 유입되는 높은 과전류로 부터 폭발이나 화재 없이 전자기기를 안전하게 보호하기 위해서는 차단용량이 높은 밀폐형 카트리지 퓨즈를 적용해야 하지만 제품의 소형화 추세에 따른 공간의 문제로 해당 퓨즈의 적용이 불가능한 실정이다. 이를 해결하기 위해서 화학적 결합으로 퓨즈 가용체를 보호하는 밀폐형 퓨즈보다 공기의 유입이 자유로울 뿐만 아니라 물리적 결합으로 퓨즈링크를 보호하는 반밀폐형 초소형 퓨즈가 적용되는 것이 적합하지만 높은 차단용량 특성을 구현하는데 한계가 있다. 이에 본 논문에서는 상대적으로 공간을 적게 차지하면서 높은 차단용량을 갖는 반밀폐형 초소형 퓨즈를 위한 퓨즈 가용체 합금과 퓨즈링크의 설계 기술을 통하여 회로의 단락 상황에서 안전성을 확보하였다.