• 한국산학기술학회논문지
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• 제19권6호
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• pp.167-175
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• 2018

천연 가스는 공기 오염 물질을 거의 배출하지 않는 깨끗한 연료입니다. 이 연구의 목적은 CNG 버스용 NGOC/LNT(천연가스산화촉매/질소산화물흡장)촉매의 메탄과 질소산화물 동시 저감에 관한 연구로 메탄과 질소산화물 저감 성능 개선과 관련하여 조촉매, washcoat 담지량, 교반 시간 및 담체 종류에 대해 주로 초점을 두었다. 더구나, 니켈은 알칼리성의 독성 산화물이고 메탄에 영향을 미치는 효과가 있기 때문에, 3 wt% 니켈이 담지된 천연가스산화촉매는 일반적으로 메탄 전환율을 통해 우수한 메탄 감소 성능을 나타낸다. 담체에 담지량이 적으면 유해 가스의 흡장량이 충분치 않고 워시 코트가 너무 많이 담지되면 담체의 셀이 막히게 되었다. 촉매의 경제적을 고려할 때 촉매에 담지되는 양은 124g/L가 적절하다. 물질마다 5시간 동안 교반된 NGOC/LNT 촉매의 200에서 550도 까지 NOx 전환율은 2시간 동안 교반된 NGOC/LNT 촉매보다 전체 온도 범위에서 10-15% 우수한 성능을 보였다. 세라믹 담체의 NGOC/LNT 촉매는 메탈 담체보다 약 20% 수준의 높은 메탄 저감 성능을 나타냈다.

• 한국결정성장학회지
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• 제20권1호
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• pp.25-29
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• 2010

페로브스카이트 구조를 갖고 $Tm_2O_3$가 첨가된 MLCC용 $BaTiO_3$ 유전체를 제조하기 위하여 환원분위기, $1320^{\circ}C$의 온도조건에서 2시간 동안 소결하였다. 유전특성 측정과 미세구조 관찰을 통하여, $Tm_2O_3$ 첨가에 따라 $BaTiO_3$ 세라믹의 유전특성에 미치는 영향에 대해 연구하였으며 각 유전체의 상분석을 통하여 이차상 유무를 확인하였다. 1 mol%의 $Tm_2O_3$를 첨가한 유전체 시편이 유전특성이 가장 우수한 반면에 2 mol% 이상의 $Tm_2O_3$를 첨가한 시편의 유전상수는 1 mol%를 첨가한 시편에 비해 낮은 값을 보였다. 유전특성에 영향을 미치는 grain 크기 및 pyrochlore 이차상 형성은 미세구조분석과 결정구조분석에 의해 조사되었다. 또한, 이들 데이터를 대표적 희토류인 $Er_2O_3$를 첨가한 유전체 시편과 비교하였고 유전특성과 관련이 있는 pyrochlore상의 형성을 상분석으로써 확인하였으며 이 결과는 세라믹 커패시터의 유전특성이 도핑에 따른 이차상과 $BaTiO_3$ tetragonality의 변화와 관련되어있다고 판단된다.

• 한국전기전자재료학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국전기전자재료학회 2008년도 하계학술대회 논문집 Vol.9
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• pp.66-66
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• 2008

Most of the properties of ITO films depend on their substrate nature, deposition techniques and ITO film composition. For the display panel application, it is normally deposited on the glass substrate which has high strain point (>575 degree) and must be deposited at a temperature higher than $250^{\circ}C$ and then annealed at a temperature higher than $300^{\circ}C$ in order to high optical transmittance in the visible region, low reactivity and chemical duration. But the high strain point glass (HSPG) used as FPDs is blocking popularization of large sizes FPDs because it is more expensive than a soda lime glass (SLG). If the SLG could be used as substrate for FPDs, then diffusion of Na ion from the substrate occurs into the ITO films during annealing or heat treatment on manufacturing process and it affects the properties. Therefore proper care should be followed to minimize Na ion diffusion. In this study, we investigate the electrical, optical and structural properties of ITO films deposited on the SLG and the Asahi glass(PD200) substrate by rf magnetron sputtering using a ceramic target ($In_2O_3:SnO_2$, 90:10wt.%). These films were annealed in $N_2$ and air atmosphere at $400^{\circ}C$ for 20min, 1hr, and 2hrs. ITO films deposited on the SLG show a high electrical resistivity and structural defect as compared with those deposited on the PD200 due to the Na ion from the SLG on diffuse to the ITO film by annealing. However these properties can be improved by introducing a barrier layer of $SiO_2$ or $Al_2O_3$ between ITO film and the SLG substrate. The characteristics of films were examined by the 4-point probe, FE-SEM, UV-VIS spectrometer, and X-ray diffraction. SIMS analysis confirmed that barrier layer inhibited Na ion diffusion from the SLG.

• 세라미스트
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• 제21권4호
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• pp.378-387
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• 2018

The optimal fabrication conditions for $Gd_{0.1}Ce_{0.9}O_{2-{\delta}}$(GDC) buffer layer and $La_{0.6}Sr_{0.4}Co_{0.2}Fe_{0.8}O_{3-{\delta}}$ (LSCF) cathode on 1mol% $CeO_2-10mol%\;Sc_2O_3$ stabilized $ZrO_2$ (CeScSZ) electrolyte were investigated for application of IT-SOFCs. GDC buffer layer was used in order to prevent undesired chemical reactions between LSCF and CeScSZ. These experiments were carried out with $5{\times}5cm^2$ anode supported unit cells to investigate the tendencies of electrochemical performance, Microstructure development and interface reaction between LSCF/GDC/CeScSZ along with the variations of GDC buffer layer thickness, sintering temperatures of GDC and LSCF were checked, respectively. Electrochemical performance was analyzed by DC current-voltage measurement and AC impedance spectroscopy. Microstructure and interface reaction were investigated by scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and energy dispersive spectroscopy (EDS). Although the interfacial reaction between these materials could not be perfectly inhibited, We found that the cell, in which $6{\mu}m$ GDC interlayer sintered at $1200^{\circ}C$ and LSCF sintered at $1000^{\circ}C$ were applied, showed good interfacial adhesions and effective suppression of Sr, thereby resulting in fairly good performance with power density of $0.71W/cm^2$ at $800^{\circ}C$ and 0.7V.

• 한국전기전자재료학회논문지
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• 제34권6호
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• pp.442-448
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• 2021

In this work, the (K_1-xAg_x)(Ta_0.8Nb_0.2)O₃ (x=0.1-0.4) ceramics were fabricated using mixed-oxide method, and their structural and electrical properties were measured. All specimens represented a pseudo cubic structure with the lattice constant of 0.3989 nm. When 0.4 mol of Ag was added, second phases induced from metallic Ag and K₂(Ta,Nb)₆O₁₆ phase were observed. Dielectric constant and dielectric loss of K(Ta_0.8Nb_0.2)O₃ specimen doped with 0.3 mol of Ag were 2,737 and 0.446, respectively. The curie temperature was about -5℃, which does not change with Ag addition. The remanent polarization began to decrease sharply around 12~15℃, and the temperature at which the remanent polarization began to decrease as the applied voltage increased shifted to the high temperature side. The electrocaloric effect (ΔT) and electrocaloric efficiency (ΔT/ΔE) of the (K_0.7Ag_0.3)(Ta_0.8Nb_0.2)O₃ ceramics were 0.01024℃ and 0.01825 KmV^-1, respectively.

• 한국건설순환자원학회논문집
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• 제9권4호
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• pp.514-520
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• 2021

본 연구에서는 건설현장에서 가장 많이 사용되는 재료 중 콘크리트에 EMP차폐 성능을 부여하기 위해 전기로 산화슬래그를 사용하여 EMP차폐 성능 평가를 실시하였다. 평가 결과 전기로산화슬래그의 성분은 Fe₂O₃ 함량 34%로 나타났으며 MgO 성분 또한 4.8%가량 포함하는 것으로 나타났다. 또한 MgO 성분으로 인한 팽창우려로 골재안정성 평가를 실시한 결과 KS기준에 적합한 것으로 사료된다. EMP 차폐성능 평가결가 압축강도에 따른 EMP차폐성능은 상관성이 없었으며 일반골재는 EMP차폐가 되지 않은 것으로 나타났다. 그러나 전기로산화슬래그를 사용한 골재는 EMP 차폐성능이 우수 했으며 두께가 증가할수록 차폐성능은 향상되는 것을 알 수 있었다. 내구성 평가결과 EMP 차폐 콘크리트는 일반 콘크리트와 유산한 내구성을 보유하는 것으로 나타났다. 이를 통해 향후 EMP차폐 구조물 구축시 전기로 산화슬래그를 사용하여 콘크리트를 제조한다면 차폐율 향상에 좋을 것으로 사료된다.

• Journal of Electrochemical Science and Technology
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• 제9권4호
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• pp.282-291
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• 2018

The pristine fluorine-doped $SnO_2$ (abbreviated as FTO) inverse opal (IO) was developed using a 410 nm polystyrene bead template. The nanolayered copper tungsten oxide ($CuWO_4$) was decorated on the FTO IO film using a facile electrochemical deposition, subsequently followed by annealing at $500^{\circ}C$ for 90 min. The morphologies, crystalline structure, optical properties and photoelectrochemical characteristics of the FTO and $CuWO_4$-decorated FTO (briefly denoted as $FTO/CuWO_4$) IO film were investigated by field emission scanning electron microscopy, X-ray diffraction, UV-vis spectroscopy and electrochemical impedance spectroscopy, showing FTO IO in the hexagonally closed-pack arrangement with a pore diameter and wall thickness of about 300 nm and 20 nm, respectively. Above this film, the $CuWO_4$ was electrodeposited by controlling the cycling number in cyclic voltammetry, suggesting that the $CuWO_4$ formed during 4 cycles (abbreviated as $CuWO_4$(4 cycles)) on FTO IO film exhibited partial distribution of $CuWO_4$ nanoparticles. Additional distribution of $CuWO_4$ nanoparticles was observed in the case of $FTO/CuWO_4$(8 cycles) IO film. The $CuWO_4$ layer exhibits triclinic structure with an indirect band gap of approximately 2.5 eV and shows the enhanced visible light absorption. The photoelectrochemical (PEC) behavior was evaluated in the 0.5 M $Na_2SO_4$ solution under solar illumination, suggesting that the $FTO/CuWO_4$(4 cycles) IO films exhibit a photocurrent density ($J_{sc}$) of $0.42mA/cm^2$ at 1.23 V vs. reversible hydrogen electrode (RHE, denoted as $V_{RHE}$), while the FTO IO and $FTO/CuWO_4$(8 cycles) IO films exhibited a $J_{sc}$ of 0.14 and $0.24mA/cm^2$ at $1.23V_{RHE}$, respectively. This difference can be explained by the increased visible light absorption by the $CuWO_4$ layer and the favorable charge separation/transfer event in the cascading band alignment between FTO and $CuWO_4$ layer, enhancing the overall PEC performance.

• Composites Research
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• 제34권6호
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• pp.357-372
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• 2021

에너지 수확장치는 석유자원의 고갈로 인한 자원난을 해결할 수 있는 대안으로 유망하다고 알려져 있다. 기계적 움직임을 전기 에너지로 전환할 수 있는 압전 소자들의 한계(환경오염 및 낮은 기계적 특성)를 극복하기 위하여, 고분자 기지재 기반 복합재료 압전 에너지 수확장치에 대한 많은 연구들이 수행되었다. 본 논문에서는 사용된 재료 및 공정에 기초하여, 보고된 압전 복합재료의 출력 성능 및 관련된 응용 분야를 검토하였다. 압전 필러는 티탄산 지르콘산 연 및 티탄산바륨 기반의 세라믹 필러뿐만 아니라, 친환경, 생체적합성 및 유연성 측면에서 유리한 산화아연을 검토하였다. 기지재는 폴리비닐리덴플로오라이드 및 공중합체로 구성된 압전 고분자 및 에폭시 및 폴리디메틸실록산 기반의 유연한 고분자로 분류하여 복합재료의 압전 시너지 및 높은 외력 적용에 의한 압전 출력 향상을 논의하였다. 또한, 금속 혹은 탄소 소재 기반 2차 필러의 적용에 의한 복합재료의 전도성 혹은 기계적 특성의 향상이 압전 수확장치의 출력 성능에 미치는 영향을 복합재료의 구조 측면에서 검토하였다. 향상된 성능으로 소형 전자기기, 스마트 센서, 의학 분야 등에 응용 가능한 복합재료 기반 압전 수확장치는 미래의 일상에서 접할 수 있는 무선 전자 장치의 전원으로써 잠재적인 통찰을 제공할 수 있다.

• 대한치과보철학회지
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• 제45권2호
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• pp.169-181
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• 2007

Statement of problem: Titanium is well known as a proper metal for the dental restorations, because it has an excellent biocompatibility, resistance to corrosion, and mechanical property. However, adhesion between titanium and dental porcelains is related to the diffusion of oxygen to the reaction layers formed on cast-titanium surfaces during porcelain firing and those oxidized layers make the adhesion difficult to be formed. Many studies using mechanical, chemical and physical methods to enhance the titanium-ceramic adhesion have been actively performed. Purpose: This study meant to comparatively analyse the adhesion characteristics depending on different titanium surface coatings after coating the casts and wrought titanium surfaces with Au and TiN. Material and method: In this study, the titanium specimens (CP-Ti, Grade 2, Kobe still Co. Japan) were categorized into cast and wrought titanium. The wrought titanium was cast by using the MgO-based investment(Selevest CB, Selec). The cast and wrought titanium were treated with Au coating($ParaOne^{(R)}$., Gold Ion Sputter, Model PS-1200) and TiN coating(ATEC system, Korea) and the ultra low fusing dental porcelain was fused and fired onto the samples. Biaxial flection test was done on the fired samples and the porcelain was separated. The adhesion characteristics of porcelain and titanium after firing and the specimen surfaces before and after the porcelain fracture test were observed with SEM. The atomic percent of Si on all sample surfaces was comparatively analysed by EDS. In addition, the constituents of specimen surface layers after the porcelain fracture and the formed compound were evaluated by X-ray diffraction diagnosis. Result: The results of this study were obtained as follows : 1. The surface characteristics of cast and wrought titanium after surface treatment(Au, TiN, $Al_2O_3$ sandblasting) were similar and each cast and wrought titanium showed similar bonding characteristics. 2. Before and after the biaxial flection test, the highest atomic weight change of Si component was found in $Al_2O_3$ sandblasted wrought titanium(28.6at.% $\rightarrow$ 8.3at.%). On the other hand, the least change was seen in Au-Pd-In alloy(24.5at.% $\rightarrow$ 9.1at.%). 3. Much amount of Si components was uniformly distributed in Au and TiN coated titanium, but less amount of Si's was unevenly dispersed on Al2O3 sandblasting surfaces. 4. In X-ray diffraction diagnosis after porcelain debonding, we could see $Au_2Ti$ compound and TiN coating layers on Au and TiN coated surfaces and $TiO_2$, typical oxide of titanium, on all titanium surfaces. 5. Debonding of porcelain on cast and wrought titanium surface after the biaxial flection is considered as a result of adhesion deterioration between coating layers and titanium surfaces. We found that there are both adhesive failure and cohesive failure at the same time. Conclusion: These results showed that the titanium-ceramic adhesion could be improved by coating cast and wrought titanium surfaces with Au and TiN when making porcelain fused to metal crowns. In order to use porcelain fused to titanium clinically, it is considered that coating technique to enhance the bonding strength between coating kKlayers and titanium surfaces should be developed first.

• 한국결정성장학회지
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• 제33권2호
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• pp.83-90
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• 2023

최근 전력반도체 소재로 관심을 가지는 Ga₂O₃의 β-상은 열역학적으로 가장 안정한 상을 가지며 4.8~4.9 eV의 넓은 밴드갭과 8 MV/cm의 높은 절연파괴전압을 갖는다. 이러한 우수한 물리적 특성으로 인해 전력반도체 소재로 많은 주목을 받고 있다. β-Ga₂O₃는 SiC 및 GaN의 소재와는 다르게 액상이 존재하기 때문에 액상 성장법으로 단결정 성장이 가능하다. 하지만 성장한 순수 β-Ga₂O₃ 단결정은 전력 소자에 적용하기에는 낮은 전도성으로 인해 의도적으로 제어된 도핑 기술이 필요하며 도핑 특성에 관한 연구가 매우 중요하다. 이 연구에서는 Ga₂O₃ 분말과 SnO₂ 분말의 몰 비율을 다르게 첨가하여 Un-doped, Sn 0.05 mol%, Sn 0.1mol%, Sn 1.5 mol%, Sn 2 mol%, Sn 3 mol%의 혼합분말을 제조하여 EFG(Edge-defined Film-fed Growth) 방법으로 β-Ga₂O₃ 단결정을 성장시켰다. 성장된 β-Ga₂O₃ 단결정의 Sn dopant 함량에 따른 결정 품질 및 광학적, 전기적 특성 변화를 분석하였으며 Sn 도핑에 따른 특성 변화를 광범위하게 연구하였다.