• Bulletin of the Korean Chemical Society
• /
• 제35권7호
• /
• pp.1933-1938
• /
• 2014

Despite increasing importance of in vitro cell-based assays for the assessment of nanoparticles (NPs) cytotoxicity, their suitability for the assessment of NPs toxicity is still in doubt. Here, limitations of widely used cell viability assay protocol (i.e., MTT asssay) for the cytotoxicity assessment of P25 $TiO_2$ NPs were carefully examined and an alternative toxicity assessment method to overcome these limitations was proposed, where the artifacts caused by extracellularly formed formazan and light scattered by agglomerated NPs were minimized by measuring only the intracellular formazan via image cytometric methods.

• Bulletin of the Korean Chemical Society
• /
• 제35권1호
• /
• pp.123-128
• /
• 2014

In this study, we have investigated the flow rate effects of Ag nanoparticle (NP) suspensions on the progress of the cell cycle by using a microfluidic image cytometry (${\mu}FIC$)-based approach. Compared with the conventional "static" exposure conditions, enhancements in G2 phase arrest were observed for the cells under continuously flowing "dynamic" exposure conditions. The "dynamic" exposure conditions, which mimic in vivo systems, induced an enhanced cytotoxicity by accelerating G2 phase arrest and subsequent apoptosis processes. Moreover, we have also shown that the increases in delivered NP dose due to the continuous supply of Ag NPs contributed dominantly to the enhanced cytotoxicity observed under the "dynamic" exposure conditions, while the shear stress caused by these slowly flowing fluids (i.e., flow rates of 6 and $30{\mu}L/h$) had only a minor influence on the observed enhancement in cytotoxicity.

• Environmental Analysis Health and Toxicology
• /
• 제18권3호
• /
• pp.175-182
• /
• 2003

Bisphenol A shares similarities in structure, metabolism and action with DES, a known human teratogen and carcinogen. Bisphenol A, a monomer of polycarbonate and epoxy resins, has been detected in canned food and human saliva. The purpose of the this study was to evaluate the cytotoxicity, cell proliferation of bisphenol A In the presence of a rat liver S9 mix, contaning cytochrome P450 enzymes, and Cu (II). In the present study, Bisphenol A in combination with Cu (II) exhibited a enhancement in cytotoxicity which were inhibited by free radical scavengers. The content of malondialdehyde, an end product of lipid peroxidation, was also found to increase with concentration of bisphenol A. Also, we examined the change of CuZn-SOD, Mn-SOD, catalase and GPx activities in the MCF-7 cells exposed to bisphenol A. The activities of CuZn-SOD, CPx, catalase were found to decrease with bisphenol A concentration. Meanwhile, the activity of Mn-SOD was unchanged. This indicated that elevated oxidative stress caused by imbalance between the production and removal of free radicals occurred in cells.

• 약학회지
• /
• 제36권5호
• /
• pp.491-495
• /
• 1992

For the research of cytotoxic natural products, 50 medicinal plants were extracted with benzene and methanol, separately, and screened against L1210 cells. From the results(Table I), 6 samples showed cytotoxicity both in benzene and methanol extracts of 17 samples in benzene extracts and 3 samples in methanol extracts, respectively. Generally, the cytotoxicity exhibited high frequency (34%) in benzene extract but low frequency in methanol extract (6%), it meant that active cytotoxic components had less polarity. $ED_{50}$ values less than $10\;{\mu}g/ml$ were observed in 17 medicinal plants.

• Archives of Pharmacal Research
• /
• 제22권6호
• /
• pp.638-641
• /
• 1999

Cytotoxicities of four urushiols, congeners isolated from the sap of Korean lacquer tree (Rhus vernicifera Stokes), to 29 human cancer cell lines originated from 9 organs were evaluated. Their values of 50% growth inhibition were below $4{\mu}g/ml$, and showed cell line specific cytotoxicity. The present results is the first report on the cytotoxicity of urushiols suggesting that they would have an anticancer activity to human cancer cells.

• Archives of Pharmacal Research
• /
• 제25권4호
• /
• pp.421-427
• /
• 2002

For probing the importance of planarity of imidazolidinone motif of 4-phenyl-1-(N-acylindoline-5-sulfonyl)imidazolidinones 1 for their cytotoxicity, 4-phenyl-1-(N-acylindoline-5-sulfonyl)[1,2,5]thiadiazolidine-1,1-dioxides 2 were prepared and their cytotoxicity were measured against human lung carcinoma (A549), human colon carcinoma (COLO205), human ovarian cancer (SK-OV-3), human leukemic cancer (K562), and murine colon adenocarcinoma (Colon26) cell lines in vitro. Although only carbonyl moiety of imidazolidinone ring was replaced with sulfonyl group, compounds 2 do not show any activity against all five cancer cell lines unlike 1. Therefore the planarity of imidazolidinone ring of 1 should be an important factor for their cytotoxic activity.

• Natural Product Sciences
• /
• 제15권1호
• /
• pp.1-7
• /
• 2009

This study was performed to investigate the cell growth inhibitory effect of tissue cultured root of wild Panax ginseng C.A. Mayer (tcwPG). The human stomach carcinoma cell line, MKN 74, was incubated with 70% EtOH extract of tcwPG or Panax ginseng C.A. Mayer (PG) for 24 hrs. tcwPG inhibited cell growth at a concentration of $250{\mu}g/ml$. However, Panax ginseng extract did not inhibit cell growth at the same concentration. We also tested the ethyl acetate and $H_2O$ fractions of tcwPG. The inhibitory effect of the ethyl acetate fraction on cell proliferation in MKN 74 cells was more potent than that of the crude extract, and the inhibitory effect of the $H_2O$ fraction was less than that of the ethyl acetate fraction. When we separated tcwPG into polar and non-polar saponin fractions and then measured cell growth inhibition, the non-polar saponin in tcwPG exhibited cytotoxicity. To compare the effects of tcwPG on various cancer cell lines, we measured cytotoxicity in MKN 74 (stomach cancer cell line), SW 620 (colon cancer cell line) and PC 3 (prostate cancer cell line). All three cell lines showed cell growth inhibition, and the cell growth inhibitory effects were not quite different in the various cell lines. The non-polar saponins of tcwPG arrested PC 3 cells at G1-phase as did Panax ginseng.

• 대한치과교정학회지
• /
• 제24권2호
• /
• pp.419-430
• /
• 1994

The purpose of this study was to investigate the cytotoxicity of orthodontic bands in vitro and in vivo4 types of orthodontic bands were applied to cultured fibroblast and the supernatants were injected into dorsal subcutaneous tissue of mice. In vitro.the cytotoxixity was evaluated by an MTT assay after 2 and 6days. In vivo, the histopathologic observation was performed 2 days after injection. The results were : 1. The cell viability was significantly decreased in the group added phosphoric acid in comparison to control group, but there was not any significance among the experimental group after 2 days. 2. Cell viability decreased in the high Ni containing group after 6 days. 3. The histopathological finding was that the Cr-containing group showed severe infiltration of inflammatory cells and muscular destruction.

• 약학회지
• /
• 제39권6호
• /
• pp.681-688
• /
• 1995

An n-hexane extract of the roots of Aralia cordata Thunb. (Araliaceae) was found to show significant in vitro cytotoxic activity against P388D$_{1}$ lymphocytic leukemia cell in culture. Bioactivity-directed fractionation of this extract led to the isolation of four polyacetylenes, falcarindiol (1), dehydrofalcarindiol (2), falcarindiol-8-acetate (3) and dehydrofalcarindiol-8-acetate (4). Cytotoxicity of compounds 1 and 3 was found to be better than that of compounds 2 and 4 when these compounds were tested against eight in vitro tumor cell lines, namely, A549, HCT15, DLD1, MCF7, SKOV3, HL60, K562 and P388D$_{1}$. The fact that the cytotoxicity of compounds 1 and 3 against series of tumor cell lines was much stronger than that of compounds 2 and 4 suggested that the saturated carbon chain at the termial and the hydroxyl group at the C-3 are important for the activities. The requirement for the activity was further confirmed by synthesizing and assaying the acetate derivatives of compounds 1 and 2.

• 한국독성학회:학술대회논문집
• /
• 한국독성학회 2003년도 추계학술대회
• /
• pp.171-171
• /
• 2003

Asiaticoside, a biologically active triterpenoid present in Centella asicatica, has been known to exert a variety of biological effect such as wound-healing, hepatoprotective, anti-inflammatory. In this study, we observed the effect of asiatic acid asiaticoside and its 16 derivatives on the cytotoxicity and the content of hydroxyproline in rat hepatic stellate cell line, HSC-T6 cell as a preliminary study for screening the anti-hepatofibrotic effect.(omitted)