• 한국전기전자재료학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국전기전자재료학회 2007년도 하계학술대회 논문집 Vol.8
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• pp.418-419
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• 2007

Effects of Fe catalyst film and carbon nanotube (CNT) growth temperature on the characteristics of carbon nanotube were investigated in thermal chemical vapor deposition (CVD) process. Fe catalyst was prepared by DC magnetron sputter with thickness of 5-40 nm and pre-treated with ammonia gas. CNTs were grown at $700-900^{\circ}C$. It was found that the island formation of catalyst is necessary for the CNT growth. The diameter of these CNTs shows a strong correlation with the catalyst film thickness and growth temperature.

• Composites Research
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• 제24권2호
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• pp.38-45
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• 2011

본 논문에서는 유리섬유 강화 복합재 적층판으로 이루어진 단일층 Dallenbach layer의 전파흡수체의 최적화 기법을 제시하고 그 성능을 분석하였다. 복합재 적층판의 전기적 특성을 제어하기 위해서 탄소나노튜브(CNT)를 혼합한 프리프레그를 사용하였다. 최적화 설계 기법은 유전자 알고리즘을 사용하였으며, 이를 이용하여 다양한 주파수에서 흡수체를 설계하고, 복합재의 두께 및 CNT 함유율을 최적화하였다. CNT 함유율의 최적화를 위해서는 복합재의 복소 유전율의 수치적 모델이 사용되었다. 전파흡수체의 최적설계에서 주파수에 따라서 CNT 함유율은 비례하여 증가하고, 흡수체의 두께는 반비례하여 감소한다. 흡수체의 -10 dB 흡수대역폭은 흡수체가 설계된 중심주파수에 비례하여 증가한다. 설계된 흡수체의 검증을 위해서 10 GHz에서 중심주파수를 갖는 흡수제를 제조하고 그 성능을 평가하였다. 복합재 적층판의 복소 유전율과 전파흡수체의 반사손실은 벡터회로망분석기와 7 mm 동축관을 이용하여 측정하였다. 복합재의 두께와 복소 유전율에 있어서의 측정된 값과 예측치의 차이에 의해서 중심주파수의 이동, 중심주파수에서의 반사손실의 감쇄, 흡수대역폭의 감소가 발생하였다.

• 한국진공학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국진공학회 2011년도 제40회 동계학술대회 초록집
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• pp.468-468
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• 2011

Carbon nanotubes (CNTs) have been considered as one of the promising candidate for next-generation field emitters because of their unique properties, such as high field enhancement factor, good mechanical strength, and excellent chemical stability. So far, a lot of researchers have been interested in field emission properties of CNT itself. However, it is necessary to study proper field emitter shapes, as well as the fundamental properties of CNTs, to apply CNTs to real devices. For example, specific applications, such as x-ray sources, e-beam sources, and microwave amplifiers, need to get a focused electron beam from the field emitters. If we use planar-typed CNT emitters, it will need several focal lenses to reduce a size of electron beam. On the other hand, the point-typed CNT emitters can be an effective way to get a focused electron beam using a simple technique. Here, we introduce a fabrication of CNT fibers with nanoscale point tips which can be used as a point-typed emitter. The emitter made by the CNT fibers showed very low turn-on electric field, high current density, and large enhancement factor. In addition, it showed stable emission current during long operation period. The high performance of CNT point emitter indicated the potential e-beam source candidate for the applications requiring small electron beam size.

• 한국진공학회지
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• 제18권3호
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• pp.229-235
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• 2009

본 연구에서는 철(Fe)을 촉매금속으로 사용하고 마이크로웨이브 플라즈마 화학기상증착법(microwave plasma CVD)을 이용하여 얇은 다중벽 탄소나노튜브를 합성하였다. 촉매금속으로 사용된 철은 직류 마그네트론 스퍼터를 사용하여 증착하였으며, 탄소나노튜브의 합성에는 플라즈마 공급원인 수소($H_2$), 탄소 공급원인 메탄($CH_4$)과 함께 미량의 산소($O_2$) 또는 아르곤(Ar)과 함께 물을 수증기의 형태로 사용하였다. 산소 또는 수증기의 추가에 따른 탄소나노튜브의 성장률의 변화를 주사전자현미경으로 조사하였으며, 결정구조를 투과전자 현미경을 통해 관찰하였다. 또한 라만 분광법을 이용하여 추가 주입 기체의 종류에 따른 탄소나노튜브의 결정성의 변화를 분석하였다. 실험결과, 산소를 추가로 주입하였을 때 성장률이 가장 컸고 결정성도 개선되는 것을 확인하였다. 최종적으로 150 분 동안 합성하여 기판 위에 2.7 mm 이상의 수직 정렬된 얇은 다중벽 탄소나노튜브(thin-multiwalled CNTs)를 합성할 수 있었다.

• Composites Research
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• 제26권1호
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• pp.1-6
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• 2013

용액 분산법을 이용하여 CNT를 균질하게 분산시켰고, CNT-폴리프로필렌 복합재료 제조를 위해 압출기와 사출기를 사용하였다. CNT 고유의 전도성을 기반으로 CNT-PP 복합재료의 내부 손상을 감지하기 위해 전기저항 측정법을 이용하였다. CNT-PP의 기계적 및 계면 물성을 확인하고 일반 PP와 비교하였다. CNT의 강화 효과로 인하여 CNT를 함유함으로서, PP 기지의 기계적 물성은 더 증가되는 경향을 확인하였다. CNT-PP 복합재료의 내부 손상을 평가하기 위해 파괴 및 굴곡실험을 진행하며, 동시에 발생되는 전기저항 변화도를 감지하여 미세손상을 평가하였다. CNT 강화제의 첨가는 좋은감지능을 보여주었다. 낮은 CNT 함유율임에도 CNT-PP 복합재료의 감지가 가능했으며, 반복 하중 실험 중 최대 임계 응력을 확인하여, 내부에 발생된 미세 파괴를 찾아 낼 수 있었다.

• 한국분말재료학회지
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• 제16권6호
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• pp.424-430
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• 2009

Electromagnetic wave energies are consumed in the form of thermal energy, which is mainly caused by magnetic loss, dielectric loss and conductive loss. In this study, CNT was added to the nanocrystalline soft magnetic materials inducing a high magnetic loss, in order to improve the dielectric loss of the EM wave absorption sheet. Generally, the aspect ratio and the dispersion state of CNT can be changed by the pre-ball milling process, which affects the absorbing properties. After the various ball-milling processes, 1wt% of CNTs were mixed with the nanocrystalline $Fe_{73}Si_{16}B_7Nb_{3}Cu_1$ base powder, and then further processed to make EM absorption sheets. As a result, the addition of CNT to Fe-based nanocrystalline materials improved the absorption properties. However, the increase of ball-milling time for more than 1h was not desirable for the powder mixture, because the ballmilling caused the shortening of CNT length and the agglomeration of the CNT flakes.

• Bulletin of the Korean Chemical Society
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• 제31권7호
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• pp.1981-1987
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• 2010

A novel composite (Ag-CNT/$TiO_2$) of silver treated carbon nanotubes (Ag-CNT) and $TiO_2$ was synthesized via wet chemistry followed by a heat treatment. The dispersion and structure of the silver in the synthesized composites determined by X-ray diffraction (XRD), energy dispersive X-ray (EDX) spectroscopy, scanning electron microscopy (SEM), and transmission electron microscopy(TEM). XRD patterns of the composites showed that the composites contained a mixing anatase and rutile phase. The EDX spectra showed the presence of C, O, Ti and Ag peaks. The $TiO_2$ particles were distributed uniformly in the CNT network, and silver particles were virtually fixed on the surface of the tube. The photocatalysis degraded behaviors of the Ag-CNT/$TiO_2$ composites of the methylene blue, which increased with an increase of the silver component. The Ag-CNT/$TiO_2$ composites have excellent antibacterial activities against Escherichia coli (E. Coli), Pseudomonas aeruginosa (P. Aeru) and Bacillus subtilis (B. Sub) under visible light.

• 한국전산구조공학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국전산구조공학회 2007년도 정기 학술대회 논문집
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• pp.421-426
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• 2007

A parametric study to investigate the effects of composition variables on the glass transition and mechanical properties of CNT-based nanocomposites was performed using molecular dynamics simulations. In this study, matrix chain length and CNT length were chosen as the candidate characteristic parameters. In order to understand the effect of both parameters in detail, three sample sets having different chain lengths with the same CNT configuration and two sample sets having different CNT lengths with same chain length were prepared. Other parameters such as volume fraction and density were fixed to enable rigorous comparisons. Amorphous polyethylene is used as matrix polymer and (10,0) zigzag CNT is embedded into the matrix to reinforce polymer matrix. As a result, longer polymer chain length of matrix solely increased glass transition temperature but no reinforcing enhancement was observed. CNT length showed similar increase with little enhancement of elastic modulus. In addition to this, nanocomposites showed temperature-dependent elastic modulus jump passing thorough the glass transition region agrees well with experimental results.

• 한국산업보건학회지
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• 제30권1호
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• pp.1-9
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• 2020

Objectives: The purpose of this case study is to assess workers' exposure to carbon nanotubes(CNTs) and characterize particles aerosolized during the process of producing CNT-enabled polytetrafuoroethylene(PTFE) composites at a worksite in Korea. Methods: Personal breathing zone and area samples were collected for determining respirable concentrations of elemental carbon(EC) using NIOSH(National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health) Method 5040. Personal exposure to nano-sized particles was measured as the number concentration and mean diameter using personal ultrafine particle monitors. The number concentration by particle size was measured using optical particle sizers(OPS) and scanning mobility particle sizers(SMPS). Transmission electron microscopy (TEM) area samples were collected on TEM grids and analyzed to characterize the size, morphology, and chemistry of the particles. Results: Respirable EC concentrations ranged from 0.04 to 0.24 ㎍/㎥, which were below 23% of the exposure limit recommended by NIOSH and lower than background concentrations. Number concentrations by particle size measured using OPS and SMPS were not noticeably elevated during CNT-PTFE composite work. Instant increase of number concentrations of nano-sized particles was observed during manual sanding of CNT-PTFE composites. Both number concentrations and mean diameters did not show a statistically significant difference between workers handing CNT-added and not-added materials. TEM analyses revealed the emission of free-standing CNTs and CNT-PTFE aggregate particles from the powder supply task and composite particles embedded with CNTs from the computer numerical control(CNC) machining task with more than tens of micrometers in diameter. No free-standing CNT particles were observed from the CNC machining task. Conclusions: Significant worker exposure to respirable CNTs was not found, but the aerosolization of CNTs and CNT-embedded composite particles were observed during handing of CNT-PTFE powders and CNC machining of CNT-PTFE composites. Considering the limited knowledge on the toxicity of CNTs and CNT composite particles to date, it seems prudent to take a precautionary approach for the protection of workers' health.

• 한국정보디스플레이학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국정보디스플레이학회 2006년도 6th International Meeting on Information Display
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• pp.422-425
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• 2006

Recently, studies on orientation of carbon nanotubes (CNTs) dispersed in nematic liquid crystal (LC) and CNTs effects on electro-optic characteristics of the LC device have been performed. In this paper, we summarize interaction nature between CNT and LC, local distortion of the LC director field by motion of CNTs, and effects on electro-optic performances of LC device.